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本文介绍在CentOS 6.5环境中安装配置Oracle Database 11g的过程，包括更新必要软件包、创建安装账户、调整系统参数、准备静默安装配置文件、执行安装步骤、创建实例、配置监听等关键环节。

一、OS:CENTOS 6.5 X86_64
二、更新必要的软件包
yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc+±33 compat-libstdc+±33.i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc+±devel libstdc+±devel.i686 libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 make sysstat
三、添加安装帐户
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
四、修改系统参数
1、修改sysctl.conf,在文件末添加
Oracle Linux 6
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Oracle Linux 7
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

2、修改limit.conf限制参数
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 4096
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
五、准备静默安装rsp配置文件
从response复制db_install.rsp文件进行修改

六、安装条件检查
./runInstaller -executePrereqs

七、开始安装

[oracle@CervicalDB response]$./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/dbsoft/installfile/response/db_install.rsp  -showProgress
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 20970 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 3999 MB    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-04-10_01-57-02AM. Please wai[oracle@CervicalDB installfile]$ [FATAL] [INS-10101] The given response file /u01/dbsoft/response/db_install.rsp is not found.
   CAUSE: The given response file is either not accessible or do not exist.
   ACTION: Give a correct response file location. (Note: relative path is not supported)

[oracle@CervicalDB installfile]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/dbsoft/installfile/response/db_install.rsp  -showProgress
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 20970 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 3999 MB    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-04-10_01-58-10AM. Please wait ...[oracle@CervicalDB installfile]$ [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.
   CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2014-04-10_01-58-10AM.log
   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2014-04-10_01-58-10AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
You can find the log of this install session at:
 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2014-04-10_01-58-10AM.log

Prepare in progress.
..................................................   9% Done.

Prepare successful.

Copy files in progress.
..................................................   14% Done.
..................................................   20% Done.
..................................................   26% Done.
..................................................   31% Done.
..................................................   36% Done.
..................................................   44% Done.
..................................................   49% Done.
..................................................   54% Done.
..................................................   59% Done.
..................................................   64% Done.
..................................................   69% Done.
..................................................   74% Done.
..................................................   79% Done.
..................................................   84% Done.
....................
Copy files successful.

Link binaries in progress.
..........
Link binaries successful.

Setup files in progress.
..................................................   89% Done.
..................................................   94% Done.

Setup files successful.
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2014-04-10_01-58-10AM.log' for more details.


As a root user, execute the following script(s):
        1. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1/root.sh


......Execute Root Scripts in progress.
............................................   100% Done.

Execute Root Scripts successful.
Successfully Setup Software.

八、创建实例

[oracle@CervicalDB response]$ dbca -silent -responseFile dbca.rsp 
Enter SYS user password: 
 
Enter SYSTEM user password: 
 
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cervical01/cervical.log" for further details.
[oracle@CervicalDB response]$

九、配置侦听

[oracle@CervicalDB response]$ netca -silent  -responsefile  /u01/dbsoft/installfile/response/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
    Parameter "silent" = true
    Parameter "responsefile" = /u01/dbsoft/installfile/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control: 
      /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

十、检查

[oracle@CervicalDB ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 10-APR-2014 06:14:16

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                10-APR-2014 03:08:55
Uptime                    0 days 3 hr. 5 min. 24 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/CervicalDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.204.152.17)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "cervical01" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "cervical01", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "cervical01XDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "cervical01", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@CervicalDB ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 10 06:14:21 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE
---------
10-APR-14

SQL>