Given an array nums
, write a function to move all 0
’s to the end of it while maintaining the relative order of the non-zero elements.
For example, given nums = [0, 1, 0, 3, 12]
, after calling your function, nums
should be [1, 3, 12, 0, 0]
.
Note:
- You must do this in-place without making a copy of the array.
- Minimize the total number of operations.
Credits:
Special thanks to @jianchao.li.fighter for adding this problem and creating all test cases.
这道题让我们将一个给定数组中所有的0都移到后面,把非零数前移,要求不能改变非零数的相对应的位置关系,而且不能拷贝额外的数组,那么只能用替换法in-place来做,需要用两个指针,一个不停的向后扫,找到非零位置,然后和前面那个指针交换位置即可,参见下面的代码:
解法一:
class Solution { public: void moveZeroes(vector<int>& nums) { for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i) { if (nums[i]) { swap(nums[i], nums[j++]); } } } };
解法二:
class Solution { public: void moveZeroes(vector<int>& nums) { int left = 0, right = 0; while (right < nums.size()) { if (nums[right]) { swap(nums[left++], nums[right]); } ++right; } } };
自己第一次AC的解法,如下:
class Solution {
public:
void moveZeroes(vector<int>& nums) {
int n = nums.size();
for(int i = n-2; i >= 0; --i) {
if(nums[i] == 0) {
for(int j = i+1; j < n || nums[j] == 0; ++j) {
swap(nums[j-1], nums[j]);
}
}
}
}
};
解析:从后往前循环一遍nums数组,如果遇到0,则类似于冒泡排序一样,将0移动到数组末尾。优化方法是,当检测到末尾为0时,则停止冒泡。但总的来说,时间复杂度为O(n^2),较高,推荐前面的方法。