Rockchip | 固件分区排列

一、介绍

 在开放源代码支持中，Rockchip使用 GPT作为其主要分区表。我们将GPT存储在LBA0〜LBA63中。

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二、U-boot中的GPT分区表

U-boot支持标准的 GPT分区表格式。

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三、默认存储图

Partition	Start Sector		Number of Sectors		Partition Size		PartNum in GPT	Requirements
MBR	0	00000000	1	00000001	512	0.5KB
Primary GPT	1	00000001	63	0000003F	32256	31.5KB
loader1	64	00000040	7104	00001bc0	4096000	2.5MB	1	preloader (miniloader or U-Boot SPL)
Vendor Storage	7168	00001c00	512	00000200	262144	256KB		SN, MAC and etc.
Reserved Space	7680	00001e00	384	00000180	196608	192KB		Not used
reserved1	8064	00001f80	128	00000080	65536	64KB		legacy DRM key
U-Boot ENV	8128	00001fc0	64	00000040	32768	32KB
reserved2	8192	00002000	8192	00002000	4194304	4MB		legacy parameter
loader2	16384	00004000	8192	00002000	4194304	4MB	2	U-Boot or UEFI
trust	24576	00006000	8192	00002000	4194304	4MB	3	trusted-os like ATF, OP-TEE
boot（bootable must be set）	32768	00008000	229376	00038000	117440512	112MB	4	kernel, dtb, extlinux.conf, ramdisk
rootfs	262144	00040000	-	-	-	-MB	5	Linux system
Secondary GPT	16777183	00FFFFDF	33	00000021	16896	16.5KB

注1：如果preloader是miniloader，则loader2分区可用于uboot.img，trust分区可用于trust.img; 如果preloader是不带trust支持的SPL，则loader2分区可用于u-boot.bin，而trust分区不可用；如果preloader是具有trust支持的SPL（ATF或OPTEE），则loader2可用于u-boot.itb（包括u-boot.bin和trust二进制文件），而trust分区不可用。

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四、通过rkdeveloptool编写GPT分区表

rkdeveloptool db rkxx_loader_vx.xx.bin
rkdeveloptool gpt parameter_gpt.txt

其中parameter_gpt.txt包含分区信息：

CMDLINE: mtdparts=rk29xxnand:0x00001f40@0x00000040(loader1),0x00000080@0x00001f80(reserved1),0x00002000@0x00002000(reserved2),0x00002000@0x00004000(loader2),0x00002000@0x00006000(atf),0x00038000@0x00008000(boot:bootable),-@0x0040000(rootfs)

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五、通过U-boot写入GPT分区表

在u-boot console中，“ gpt”命令可用于写入gpt分区表：

gpt - GUID Partition Table

Usage:
gpt <command> <interface> <dev> <partitions_list>
 - GUID partition table restoration and validity check
 Restore or verify GPT information on a device connected
 to interface
 Example usage:
 gpt write mmc 0 $partitions
 gpt verify mmc 0 $partitions</code>

例如：

=> env set partitions name=rootfs,size=-,type=system
=> gpt write mmc 0 $partitions
Writing GPT: success!

注意：可以在u-boot console（使用“ env set”命令）或在u-boot的源代码中设置分区env，
例如：

include/configs/kylin_rk3036.h
#define PARTS_DEFAULT \
        "uuid_disk=${uuid_gpt_disk};" \
...

#undef CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
#define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
        "partitions=" PARTS_DEFAULT \

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六、通过U-Boot的fastboot写入GPT分区表

当前的上游u-boot包含fastboot协议支持。此版本的fastboot支持2种修改gpt分区表的方法：

（1）fastboot oem格式

它与u-boot控制台中的“ gpt write mmc 0 $ partitions”相同：

#ifdef CONFIG_FASTBOOT_FLASH_MMC_DEV
        if (strncmp("format", cmd + 4, 6) == 0) {
                char cmdbuf[32];
                sprintf(cmdbuf, "gpt write mmc %x $partitions",
                        CONFIG_FASTBOOT_FLASH_MMC_DEV);
                if (run_command(cmdbuf, 0))
                        fastboot_tx_write_str("FAIL");
                else
                        fastboot_tx_write_str("OKAY");
        } else
#endif

PC命令：

$ fastboot oem format -i 0x2207
...
OKAY [  0.015s]
finished. total time: 0.015s

（2）fastboot flash gpt <gpt分区映像>

        if (strcmp(cmd, CONFIG_FASTBOOT_GPT_NAME) == 0) {
                printf("%s: updating MBR, Primary and Backup GPT(s)\n",
                       __func__);
                if (is_valid_gpt_buf(dev_desc, download_buffer)) {
                        printf("%s: invalid GPT - refusing to write to flash\n",
                               __func__);
                        fastboot_fail(response_str, "invalid GPT partition");
                        return;
                }
                if (write_mbr_and_gpt_partitions(dev_desc, download_buffer)) {
                        printf("%s: writing GPT partitions failed\n", __func__);
                        fastboot_fail(response_str,
                                      "writing GPT partitions failed");
                        return;
                }
                printf("........ success\n");
                fastboot_okay(response_str, "");
                return;

gpt分区映像可以由PC的gdisk工具生成，
例如：

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1M count=256
256+0 records in
256+0 records out
268435456 bytes (268 MB) copied, 0.151867 s, 1.8 GB/s

$ gdisk disk.img
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.1

Partition table scan:
  MBR: not present
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present

Creating new GPT entries.

Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-524254, default = 34) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Information: Moved requested sector from 34 to 2048 in
order to align on 2048-sector boundaries.
Use 'l' on the experts' menu to adjust alignment
Last sector (2048-524254, default = 524254) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

Command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT).
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
The operation has completed successfully.

$ dd if=disk.img of=gpt.img count=64
64+0 records in
64+0 records out
32768 bytes (33 kB) copied, 0.00075438 s, 43.4 MB/s

PC命令：

$ fastboot flash gpt gpt.img
target reported max download size of 117440512 bytes
sending 'gpt' (32 KB)...
OKAY [  0.006s]
writing 'gpt'...
OKAY [  0.025s]
finished. total time: 0.030s