Tensorflow笔记之【神经网络的模块化搭建】

生成数据集 （generateds.py）

#coding:utf-8
#0导入模块 ，生成模拟数据集
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
seed = 2 
def generateds():
	#基于seed产生随机数
	rdm = np.random.RandomState(seed)
	#随机数返回300行2列的矩阵，表示300组坐标点（x0,x1）作为输入数据集
	X = rdm.randn(300,2)
	#从X这个300行2列的矩阵中取出一行,判断如果两个坐标的平方和小于2，给Y赋值1，其余赋值0
	#作为输入数据集的标签（正确答案）
	Y_ = [int(x0*x0 + x1*x1 <2) for (x0,x1) in X]
	#遍历Y中的每个元素，1赋值'red'其余赋值'blue'，这样可视化显示时人可以直观区分
	Y_c = [['red' if y else 'blue'] for y in Y_]
	#对数据集X和标签Y进行形状整理，第一个元素为-1表示跟随第二列计算，第二个元素表示多少列，可见X为两列，Y为1列
	X = np.vstack(X).reshape(-1,2)
	Y_ = np.vstack(Y_).reshape(-1,1)
	
	return X, Y_, Y_c
	
#print X
#print Y_
#print Y_c
#用plt.scatter画出数据集X各行中第0列元素和第1列元素的点即各行的（x0，x1），用各行Y_c对应的值表示颜色（c是color的缩写） 
#plt.scatter(X[:,0], X[:,1], c=np.squeeze(Y_c)) 
#plt.show()

---

前向传播 （forward.py）（由输入到输出，搭建完整的网络结构）

#coding:utf-8
#0导入模块 ，生成模拟数据集
import tensorflow as tf

#定义神经网络的输入、参数和输出，定义前向传播过程 
def get_weight(shape, regularizer):
	w = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape), dtype=tf.float32)
	tf.add_to_collection('losses', tf.contrib.layers.l2_regularizer(regularizer)(w))
	return w

def get_bias(shape):  
    b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.01, shape=shape)) 
    return b
	
def forward(x, regularizer):
	
	w1 = get_weight([2,11], regularizer)	
	b1 = get_bias([11])
	y1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(x, w1) + b1)

	w2 = get_weight([11,1], regularizer)
	b2 = get_bias([1])
	y = tf.matmul(y1, w2) + b2 
	
	return y

---

反向传播 （backward.py）（训练网络，优化网络参数，提高模型准确性）

#coding:utf-8
#0导入模块 ，生成模拟数据集
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import opt4_8_generateds
import opt4_8_forward

STEPS = 40000
BATCH_SIZE = 30 
LEARNING_RATE_BASE = 0.001
LEARNING_RATE_DECAY = 0.999
REGULARIZER = 0.01

def backward():
	x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None, 2))
	y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None, 1))

	X, Y_, Y_c = opt4_8_generateds.generateds()

	y = opt4_8_forward.forward(x, REGULARIZER)
	
	global_step = tf.Variable(0,trainable=False)	

	learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(
		LEARNING_RATE_BASE,
		global_step,
		300/BATCH_SIZE,
		LEARNING_RATE_DECAY,
		staircase=True)


	#定义损失函数
	loss_mse = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y-y_))
	loss_total = loss_mse + tf.add_n(tf.get_collection('losses'))
	
	#定义反向传播方法：包含正则化
	train_step = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(loss_total)

	with tf.Session() as sess:
		init_op = tf.global_variables_initializer()
		sess.run(init_op)
		for i in range(STEPS):
			start = (i*BATCH_SIZE) % 300
			end = start + BATCH_SIZE
			sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x: X[start:end], y_:Y_[start:end]})
			if i % 2000 == 0:
				loss_v = sess.run(loss_total, feed_dict={x:X,y_:Y_})
				print("After %d steps, loss is: %f" %(i, loss_v))

		xx, yy = np.mgrid[-3:3:.01, -3:3:.01]
		grid = np.c_[xx.ravel(), yy.ravel()]
		probs = sess.run(y, feed_dict={x:grid})
		probs = probs.reshape(xx.shape)
	
	plt.scatter(X[:,0], X[:,1], c=np.squeeze(Y_c)) 
	plt.contour(xx, yy, probs, levels=[.5])
	plt.show()

#判断python运行文件是否为主文件
if __name__=='__main__':
	backward()