7-3 用虚函数计算各种图形的面积
定义抽象基类Shape,由它派生出五个派生类:
Circle(圆形)、Square(正方形)、Rectangle( 长方形)、Trapezoid (梯形)和Triangle (三角形),
用虚函数分别计算各种图形的面积,输出它们的面积和。要求用基类指针数组,每一个数组元素指向一个派生类的对象。
PI=3.14159f,单精度浮点数计算。
输入格式:
输入在一行中,给出9个大于0的数,用空格分隔,分别代表
圆的半径,正方形的边长,矩形的宽和高,梯形的上底、下底和高,三角形的底和高。
输出格式:
输出所有图形的面积和,小数点后保留3位有效数字。
输入样例:
12.6 3.5 4.5 8.4 2.0 4.5 3.2 4.5 8.4
输出样例:
578.109
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#define PI 3.14159
class Shape
{
protected:
double a, b, c;
public:
Shape(double a=0,double b=0,double c=0)
{
this->a = a; this->b = b;
this->c = c;
}
virtual double getmianji() = 0;
};
class Circle:public Shape//(圆形)
{//Circle(圆形)、Square(正方形)、Rectangle( 长方形)、Trapezoid (梯形)和Triangle (三角形)
public:
Circle(double a) :Shape(a) {}
double getmianji()
{
return PI * a * a;
}
};
class Square :public Shape//(正方形)
{
public:
Square(double a) :Shape(a) {}
double getmianji()
{
return a * a;
}
};
class Rectangle :public Shape//(长方形)
{
public:
Rectangle(double a,double b) :Shape(a,b) {}
double getmianji()
{
return a*b;
}
};
class Trapezoid :public Shape//(梯形)
{
public:
Trapezoid(double a,double b,double c) :Shape(a,b,c) {}
double getmianji()
{
return (a + b) * c * 0.5;
}
};
class Triangle :public Shape//(三角形)
{
public:
Triangle(double a,double b) :Shape(a,b) {}
double getmianji()
{
return a*b*0.5;
}
};
int main()
{//12.6 3.5 4.5 8.4 2.0 4.5 3.2 4.5 8.4
//要求用基类指针数组
double a, b, c;
cin >> a;
Circle C(a);
cin >> a ;
Square s(a);
cin >> a >> b;
Rectangle r(a, b);
cin >> a >> b >> c;
Trapezoid t1(a, b, c);
cin >> a >> b;
Triangle t2(a, b);
Shape* sp[5] = { &C,&s,&r,&t1,&t2 };
double sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
sum += sp[i]->getmianji();
}
printf("%0.3f", sum);
system("pause");
}