静态数据成员和静态成员函数的使用方法

声明一个Course类，类中包含课程代码、课程名称、课程学分信息。声明一个Score类，类中包含课程代码、成绩。声明一个Student类，类中包含学号、姓名、性别、专业、班级、电话、Course对象成员、Score对象成员。另外total_course(选课门数)用于统计该学生选课情况、total_score(总成绩）用于统计该学生总成绩、avg_score平均成绩、total_student（总学生人数）用于统计该班有多少学生。
要求：适当的程序输入，实现并完成：
（1）打印学生信息
（2）打印该学生的课程信息
（3）打印该学生的成绩
（4）统计该学生所修课程门数
（5）该学生平均成绩
（6）统计总共有多少学生

本次实验代码量比较多，而且有一点小小的复杂；

/*各个student对象中的对象成员中的total_tem_course ，total_tem_score都是静态数据成员为了在student对象中互不影响，
     必须进行一定的改进，我选择把要统计的总课程数和总成绩放在course和score对象中，，将静态数据成员作为一个统计方法，
     最后一个course和score对象中的数据就是总成绩和总课程数，初始化一个对象后，就将静态数据成员归零；*/
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;

class Course {//课程类
public:
	//重载Course构造函数 为有参和无参构造函数赋值
	Course(int id, string name, double credit);
	Course()
	{
		c_id = 0;
		c_name = "0";
		c_credit = 0;
		total_course = total_tem_course;
	}
	//提供函数使student对象的总课程数互不影响
	static void Rewind_total_course()
	{
		total_tem_course = 0;
	}
	//打印学生课程信息
	void Show_Course();
	//提供函数返回总课程数
	double Show_total_course()
	{
		return total_course;
	}
private:
	int c_id;
	string c_name;
	double c_credit;
	double total_course;
	static  double total_tem_course;
};

class Score {//成绩类
public:
	//重载Score函数对有参和无参对象赋值
	Score(int id, double score);
	Score()
	{
		s_id = 0;
		s_score = 0;
		total_score = total_tem_score;
	}
	//打印学生成绩信息
	void Show_Score();
	//计算学生总成绩并返回
	double Show_total_score()
	{
		return total_score;
	}

	//提供函数使student对象的总成绩互不影响
	static void Rewind_total_score() { total_tem_score = 0; }
private:
	int s_id;
	double s_score;
	double total_score;
	static double total_tem_score;
};

class Student {//学生类
public:
	static int total_student; //重载构造函数 分别用来初始化一门课或两门课de对象
	Student(int id, string name, string sex, string major, int classes, string tel,
		int c_id, string c_name, double c_credit,
		int s_id, double s_score);//学生的信息有点多，构造函数参数就显得很多，别被吓住了，
								  //学生只有一门课程的构造函数
	Student(int id, string name, string sex, string major, int classes, string tel,
		int c1_id, string c1_name, double c1_credit, int s1_id, double s1_score,
		int c2_id, string c2_name, double c2_credit, int s2_id, double s2_score);
								//学生有两门课程的构造函数，理论上可以有无数多门课，也就有无数多个构造函数了，
								//为了方便只写两个
								
	void Show_Student();//打印学生信息

	void Show_Student_Course();//Student对象打印学生课程信息

	void Show_Student_Score();//Student对象打印学生成绩信息

	void Show_total_Course()
	{
		cout << "选课门数：";
		cout << C2.Show_total_course();
	}//调用成员对象的成员函数 获取student对象的总课程数

	void Show_ave_Score();//打印学生平均成绩
private:
	int s_id;
	string s_name;
	string s_sex;
	string s_major;
	int s_class;
	string s_tel;
	Score S1, S2;//成绩类对象成员，储存学生的成绩
	Course C1, C2;//课程类对象成员，储存学生课程信息
};
//*********************以下为各个函数的定义
Course::Course(int id, string name, double credit)
{
	c_id = id;
	c_name = name;
	c_credit = credit;
	++total_tem_course;
	total_course = total_tem_course;
}

Score::Score(int id, double score)
{
	s_id = id;
	s_score = score;
	total_tem_score += s_score;
	total_score = total_tem_score;
}

//重载构造函数 分别用来初始化一门课或两门课的对象
Student::Student(int id, string name, string sex, string major, int classes, string tel,
	int c_id, string c_name, double c_credit,
	int s1_id, double s_score) :C1(c_id, c_name, c_credit), S1(s1_id, s_score)
{
	s_id = id;
	s_name = name;
	s_sex = sex;
	s_major = major;
	s_class = classes;
	s_tel = tel;
	++total_student;
}
Student::Student(int id, string name, string sex, string major, int classes, string tel,
	int c1_id, string c1_name, double c1_credit, int s1_id, double s1_score,
	int c2_id, string c2_name, double c2_credit, int s2_id, double s2_score) :C1(c1_id, c1_name, c1_credit), C2(c2_id, c2_name, c2_credit), S1(s1_id, s1_score), S2(s2_id, s2_score)
{
	s_id = id;
	s_name = name;
	s_sex = sex;
	s_major = major;
	s_class = classes;
	s_tel = tel;
	++total_student;
}

void Course::Show_Course()
{
	if (c_id != 0)
	{
		cout << "课程代码：" << c_id << endl;
		cout << "课程名称：" << c_name << endl;
		cout << "课程学分：" << c_credit << endl;
	}
}

void Score::Show_Score()
{
	if (s_id != 0)
	{
		cout << "课程代码:" << s_id << endl;
		cout << "课程成绩为:" << s_score << endl;
	}
}

void Student::Show_Student()
{
	cout << endl;
	cout << "学号：" << s_id << endl;
	cout << "姓名：" << s_name << endl;
	cout << "性别：" << s_sex << endl;
	cout << "专业：" << s_major << endl;
	cout << "班级：" << s_class << endl;
	cout << "电话号码：" << s_tel << endl;

}
void Student::Show_Student_Course()
{
	cout << "学号：" << s_id << endl;
	cout << "姓名：" << s_name << endl;
	C1.Show_Course();
	C2.Show_Course();
}

void Student::Show_Student_Score()
{
	cout << "学号：" << s_id << endl;
	cout << "姓名：" << s_name << endl;
	cout << "该生成绩信息：" << endl;
	S1.Show_Score();
	S2.Show_Score();
}
void Student::Show_ave_Score()
{
	cout << "该生平均成绩";
	cout << S2.Show_total_score() / C2.Show_total_course() << endl;
}
//**********************定义到此终于定义完了，2333
//对所有静态数据成员初始化
double Course::total_tem_course = 0;
double Score::total_tem_score = 0;
int Student::total_student = 0;

int main()
{//学号、姓名、性别、专业、班级、电话号码、课程代码、课程名称、课程学分、课程代码、成绩
	Student stu1(181503301, "大辉", "女", "网络工程", 3, "136 **** ****", 3651155, "面向对象程序设计", 1, 3651155, 95);
	Course::Rewind_total_course();
	Score::Rewind_total_score();
	Student stu2(181503302, "小李子", "男", "网络工程", 3, "136 **** ****", 3651155, "面向对象程序设计", 1, 3651155, 90, 15651654, "大学英语", 1, 3651155, 95);
	Course::Rewind_total_course();
	Score::Rewind_total_score();
	Student stu3(181503302, "李伟", "男", "网络工程", 3, "135 **** ****", 3651155, "面向对象程序设计", 1, 3651155, 90, 15651654, "高等数学", 1, 3651155, 59);

	char a;
	//界面打印相应信息并获取操作对象
	while (true)
	{
		cout << endl << endl << endl;
		cout << "（1）打印学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "（2）打印学生的课程信息" << endl;
		cout << "（3）打印学生的成绩" << endl;
		cout << "（4）统计学生所修课程门数" << endl;
		cout << "（5）该学生平均成绩" << endl;
		cout << "（6）统计总共有多少学生" << endl;
		cout << "（0）退出查看" << endl;
		cout << "选择相应数字后会执行相应功能" << endl;

		a = _getch();
		a = a - '0';
		if (a == 1)
		{
			system("ClS");//清除当前页面所有信息
			cout << endl << endl << "学生信息" << endl;
			stu1.Show_Student();
			cout << "-------------------" << endl;
			stu2.Show_Student();
			cout << "-------------------" << endl;
			stu3.Show_Student();
		}
		if (a == 2)
		{
			system("ClS");
			cout << endl << endl << "学生课程信息" << endl;
			stu1.Show_Student_Course();
			cout << "------------------" << endl;
			stu2.Show_Student_Course();
			cout << "------------------" << endl;
			stu3.Show_Student_Course();
		}
		if (a == 3)
		{
			system("ClS");
			cout << endl << endl << "学生成绩" << endl;
			stu1.Show_Student_Score();
			cout << "------------------" << endl;
			stu2.Show_Student_Score();
			cout << "------------------" << endl;
			stu3.Show_Student_Score();
		}
		if (a == 4)
		{
			system("ClS");
			stu1.Show_Student();
			stu1.Show_total_Course();
			cout << "------------------" << endl;
			stu2.Show_Student();
			stu2.Show_total_Course();
			cout << "------------------" << endl;
			stu3.Show_Student();
			stu3.Show_total_Course() ;
		}
		if (a == 5)
		{
			system("ClS");
			stu1.Show_Student();
			stu1.Show_ave_Score();
			cout << "------------" << endl;
			stu2.Show_Student();
			stu2.Show_ave_Score();
			cout << "------------" << endl;
			stu3.Show_Student();
			stu3.Show_ave_Score();
		}
		if (a == 6)
		{
			system("ClS");
			cout <<endl<<endl<< "共有" << Student::total_student << "个学生" << endl;
		}
		if (a == 0)
			break;
	}
	return 0;
}