1.amend revise
amend强调“修正”,即把文章,合同等往好的,正确的方向去改;revise则泛指“修改”,不一定是改好,强调“改变”
2.decay rot spoil
动词 “decay” 可以描述的腐朽物体种类最多,“rot” 只能描述有机体腐烂,而 “spoil” 只能表示 “食物变质”。
3.consist with… 与…一致
This decision does not consists with rules.这个决定不合乎规则。
Theory should consist with practice.理论应该与实践一致。
4.consist of 由…组成。
“配件组成机器”这样的句子,用英文表达会写成:The mechine consists of spare parts.
consist in A 在于 C(A以C为主要因素)我们经常说生命在于运动。
Happiness consists in good health.幸福在于健康。
The true strength of a country consists in the well-being of its citizens.
国家的真正强大在于人民的福祉。
on good evidence 证据确凿
5.stick at v. 坚持;犹豫;努力做(工作)
stick to坚持,忠于,信守;紧跟,紧随;粘贴在…上
in the preface to the book 在书的序言
in relation to 关于;与……相比较;涉及;
Its brain is small in relation to its body.
和它的身体相比,它的大脑很小
6.require doing sth “需要做某事”,可用主动表被动
require sb. to do sth. “需要/要求某人做某事"
devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
7.desire
desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事
desire that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事
8.stationary 固定的;不能被移动的 still 静止的, 静寂的
moving的反义词是stationary
stand是持续系动词 vi.站立,起立;竖直放置;保持看法;停滞 vt.忍受;使站立;抵御;承担责任
Rangoon and Mandalay, the only large cities, boast not a single skyscraper, and in the entire country there are just a handful of elevators and one escalator, which is boarded up. For 27 years, Burma has___________ isolated in the world, ruled by a government with fairly conservative views of the world. People feel their closest connections at home, or in setting where they feel at home—with one or a few people they feel close with and comfortable about—in other words, during private speaking.
[A] set [B] stood [C] kept [D] maintained
解析: 因为isolated形式上是过去分词,但起着形容词的作用,所以这里需要一个具有系动词功能的词。在这四个词中只有 stand 有此作用,故选择 stood,表示一种持续不变的状态。~
8.stem from 源自…… 起源于 出于 derive from 由…起源;取自
1、stem from侧重于指合乎自然规律地产生,也指在某人或某事物的影响下产生或从属于某人或某物发展。
2、derive from侧重于指由另一形式的事物衍生而出或者从另一些人处取得。
9.have the distinction of 具有 … 的品质; 荣幸地; 以 … 而闻名
10.scale up 增大,增加 scale back 缩减、减少
11.relay
v. 接转,转送,转发(信息、消息等); 播放,转播(电视或广播讯号);
n. 接力赛; 接班的人(或动物); 轮换者; 中继设备;
the federal stockpile 联邦储备
agony 英[ˈæɡəni] n. (精神或肉体的)极度痛苦
ward off 避开,躲开,防止(危险、疾病等)
swine n.讨厌的人; 令人不愉快的事物; 难处理的东西; 猪;
swine flu 猪流感
abstinence n.(因道德、宗教或健康原因对饮食、酒、色等的)节制; 禁欲
maniacs n.行为极其危险(或狂暴、愚蠢)的人; 疯子; 狂人; 狂热分子
11.Some of us get dipped in flat, some in satin, some in gloss. But every once in a while you find someone who’s iridescent, and when you do, nothing will ever compare.
flat paint 可以是哑光漆,光泽较暗。和人联系起来,我想可以理解为平淡无奇的普通人。
satin paint 是丝光漆,光泽适中。维基百科上有个词条叫色丁(Satin),解释是“是一种用通常有光泽的表面,但却有暗沉背面的纺织品。” 和人联系起来我认为可以理解为高贵或者觉得自己高人一等的那类。
gloss paint 是亮光漆,光泽比 satin 更亮,它也可以表示“金玉其外,败絮其中”。
12.faith in,belief in,credit to

13.practically adv几乎、实际上

14.amounts to(总数达到、意味着、相当于)

本文详细解析了amend和revise的区别,前者强调修正错误,后者泛指改变。同时探讨了decay、rot和spoil在描述腐朽上的不同侧重,decay适用范围最广,rot限于有机体,spoil特指食物。此外,介绍了consist with和consist of的用法,以及require doing和require sb. to do的被动形式。还讨论了stand作为系动词的用法,例如在描述缅甸的孤立状态。其他词汇如stem from、have the distinction of、scale up和scale back也在文中提及。最后,通过比喻探讨了人生中不同类型的个体,以及faith in、belief in和credit to的含义区别。
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