ZYNQ 7000系列处理器平台基于BusyBox制作根文件系统

第一部分：busybox移植

1 下载BusyBox 下载链接：Index of /downloadshttps://busybox.net/downloads/

源代码解压缩，并进入到源码目录 

 cd busybox-1.32.0/
make defconfig
make menuconfig
make
make install

执行完上面操作后，源代码同级目录下会生成_install目录，通过cd命令进入_install目录下，添加需要的其他目录。

busybox-1.32.0/_install#  mkdir dev etc etc/dropbear etc/init.d etc/rc.d etc/profile.d mnt opt proc root sys tmp var var/log var/www

# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
  PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
else
  PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin"
fi
export PATH

if [ "${PS1-}" ]; then
  if [ "${BASH-}" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='\h:\w\$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='[\u@\h \W]\# '
    else
      PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi

busybox-1.32.0/_install# cat etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh

# Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" -a -n "$PS1" -a -z "$BASH_COMPLETION_COMPAT_DIR" ]; then

# Check for recent enough version of bash.
bash=${BASH_VERSION%.*}; bmajor=${bash%.*}; bminor=${bash#*.}
if [ $bmajor -gt 4 ] || [ $bmajor -eq 4 -a $bminor -ge 1 ]; then
    [ -r "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion" ] && \
        . "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion"
    if shopt -q progcomp && [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
        # Source completion code.
        . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
    fi
fi
unset bash bmajor bminor

fi

2 创建etc/fstab文件，添加以下内容

LABEL=//tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
none /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
none /tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0

3 创建etc/inittab文件

::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
# /bin/ash
#
# Start an askfirst shell on the serial ports
ttyPS0::respawn:-/bin/ash
# What to do when restarting the init
process
::restart:/sbin/init
# What to do before rebooting
::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r

4 创建etc/passwd文件

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
test:x:1000:1000::/home/test:/bin/sh

5 创建etc/init.d/rcS文件

#!/bin/sh
echo "Starting rcS..."
echo "++ Mounting filesystem"
mount -t sysfs none /sys
mount -t tmpfs none /tmp
echo "++ Setting up mdev"
echo /sbin/mdev > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
mdev -s
mkdir -p /dev/pts
mkdir -p /dev/i2c
mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts
mount -t proc none /proc
/bin/hostname -F /etc/hostname
echo "++ Starting telnet daemon"
telnetd
echo "++ Starting http daemon"
httpd -h /var/www
echo "++ Starting ftp daemon"
tcpsvd 0:21 ftpd ftpd -w /&
echo "++ Starting dropbear (ssh)daemon"
dropbear
/etc/init.d/inotify start
echo "rcS Complete"

for initscript in /etc/rc.d/S[0-9][0-9]*
do
        if [ -x $initscript ] ;
        then
                $initscript start
        fi
done

至此，rootfs文件系统算是创建完成了，把整个_install目录下的文件拷贝到嵌入式板卡上Qflash或EMMC对应的文件系统分区，上电即可正常启动。

其它需要的命令和动态库根据项目需要移植，这里介绍一下dropbear-2024.86的移植（ssh scp）。

第二部分：dropbear的移植

参考：dropbear移植-优快云博客

dropbear下载链接：Index of /dropbear (ucc.asn.au)

1 解压源代码后，进入源码目录，创建_install目录

cd dropbear-2024.86/
mkdir _install

2 在执行configure

 ./configure --prefix=/home/zkgx/library/dropbear-2024.86/_install CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc CXX=arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ --with-zlib=/home/zkgx/library/zlib-1.2.11/_install --host=arm-linux

3 修改Makefile

4 执行make和make install

make PROGRAMS="dropbear dbclient dropbearkey dropbearconvert scp"
make PROGRAMS="dropbear dbclient dropbearkey dropbearconvert scp" install
cd _install

5 拷贝到板卡的根文件系统

cp bin/* sbin/* ../../../xilinx/filesys/busybox-1.32.0/_install/usr/sbin/

6 板卡上生产key

cd /etc  
mkdir dropbear  
cd dropbear  
dropbearkey -t rsa -f dropbear_rsa_host_key  
dropbearkey -t dss -f dropbear_dss_host_key 

然后把生成的key拷贝到原始的根文件系统，其它板卡也可以使用。

登录配置参考：根文件系统添加用户登入功能 - 哔哩哔哩 (bilibili.com)

第三部分：inotifywait移植

该软件用于检测文件变化，可以配合sync同步到emmc或qflash。

1 下载编译

git clone https://github.com/inotify-tools/inotify-tools.git

cd inotify-tools

 apt-get install autoconf automake libtool
./autogen.sh

mkdir _install

./configure --prefix=/home/zkgx/library/inotify-tools/_install CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc CXX=arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ --host=arm-linux --target=arm-linux --enable-static

make
make install

cd _install/
cp -rf lib/* /home/zkgx/xilinx/filesys/busybox-1.32.0/_install/usr/lib
cp -rf bin/inotifywait /home/zkgx/xilinx/filesys/busybox-1.32.0/_install/usr/bin/

2使用脚本编写

可放在/usr/bin/inotify，作为一个命令使用。

#!/bin/sh

INOTIFYDIR="/root /home /etc/rc.d"
EVENTS=open,create,move,delete,modify,attrib,close_write,moved_to,moved_from

inotifywait -mrq $INOTIFYDIR -e $EVENTS |
    while read path action file; do
        sync;sync;
    done

3启动脚本编写

#! /bin/sh

inotify=/usr/bin/inotify

test -x "$inotify" || exit 0

case "$1" in
  start)
    echo -n "++ Starting inotify"
    start-stop-daemon --start --b --exec $inotify
    echo " "
    ;;
  stop)
    echo -n "Stopping inotify"
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --name inotify
    echo " "
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: /usr/bin/inotify {start|stop}"
    exit 1
esac

exit 0

全部结束！