装饰模式:
装饰(Decorator)模式又叫做包装模式。通过一种对客户端透明的方式来扩展对象的功能,是继承关系的一个替换方案。
装饰模式的角色和职责:
抽象组件角色:一个抽象接口,是被装饰类和装饰类的父接口。
package guo;
public interface Car {
public void show();
public void run();
}
具体组件角色:为抽象组件的实现类。
package guo;
public class RunCar implements Car{
public void show() {
this.run();
}
public void run() {
System.out.println("跑喽 ");
}
}
抽象装饰角色:包含一个组件的引用,并定义了与抽象组件一致的接口。
package guo;
public abstract class CarDecorator implements Car {
private Car car;
public Car getCar() {
return car;
}
public void setCar(Car car) {
this.car = car;
}
public CarDecorator(Car car){
this.car = car;
}
public abstract void show();
}
具体装饰角色:为抽象装饰角色的实现类。负责具体的装饰。
package guo;
public class FlyCarDecorator extends CarDecorator{
public FlyCarDecorator(Car car) {
super(car);
}
public void show() {
this.getCar().show();
this.fly();
}
public void fly(){
System.out.println("可以飞");
}
public void run() {
}
}
package guo;
public class SwimCarDecorator extends CarDecorator{
public SwimCarDecorator(Car car) {
super(car);
}
public void run() {
}
public void show() {
this.getCar().show();
this.swim();
}
public void swim(){
System.out.println("可以游泳");
}
}
测试:
package guo;
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args){
Car car = new RunCar();
//装饰会飞
Car flyCar = new FlyCarDecorator(car);
flyCar.show();
System.out.println("********************************");
//装饰可以游泳
Car swimCar = new SwimCarDecorator(car);
swimCar.show();
System.out.println("********************************");
//装饰可以游泳,可以飞
Car swimFlyCar = new SwimCarDecorator(flyCar);
swimFlyCar.show();
}
}