解决 VMware ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 磁盘空间不足的问题

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1，问题分析

VMware 安装 Ubuntu Server
查看文件系统磁盘空间的使用情况

yjy@yjy-pc:~$ df -lh
Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                                11G     0   11G   0% /dev
tmpfs                              2.1G  3.2M  2.1G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv  196G  186G     0 100% /
tmpfs                               11G     0   11G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                              5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs                               11G     0   11G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1                          56M   56M     0 100% /snap/core18/2846
/dev/loop0                          56M   56M     0 100% /snap/core18/2128
/dev/loop2                          71M   71M     0 100% /snap/lxd/21029
/dev/loop3                          39M   39M     0 100% /snap/snapd/21759
/dev/loop4                          92M   92M     0 100% /snap/lxd/29619
/dev/loop5                          64M   64M     0 100% /snap/core20/2434
/dev/sda2                          974M  116M  792M  13% /boot
/dev/loop6                          45M   45M     0 100% /snap/snapd/23258
tmpfs                              2.1G  4.0K  2.1G   1% /run/user/1000
yjy@yjy-pc:~$

可以发现 /dev/mapper/ubuntu–vg-ubuntu–lv 虚拟机根目录空间几乎占满。

查看磁盘信息，还有很多

Device     Boot      Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/fd0p1      2425393296 4850786591 2425393296  1.1T 90 unknown
/dev/fd0p2      2425393296 4850786591 2425393296  1.1T 90 unknown
/dev/fd0p3      2425393296 4850786591 2425393296  1.1T 90 unknown
/dev/fd0p4      2425393296 4850786591 2425393296  1.1T 90 unknown




Disk /dev/sda: 1.98 TiB, 2147483648000 bytes, 4194304000 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 1F38A7CC-FAE8-4812-878A-26490854EE8C

Device       Start        End    Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1     2048       4095       2048   1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2     4096    2101247    2097152   1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3  2101248 4194301951 4192200704   2T Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
yjy@yjy-pc:~$

查看LVM卷组的信息

yjy@yjy-pc:~$ sudo vgdisplay 
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  System ID           
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  2
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               1.95 TiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              511743
  Alloc PE / Size       51200 / 200.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       460543 / <1.76 TiB
  VG UUID               FC7W81-kimT-oVRl-Z2iV-6r9o-hfKm-0Boig4
   
yjy@yjy-pc:~$

使用命令进行磁盘扩容

lvextend -L 300G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv      //增减至300G
lvextend -L +250G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv     //增加250G
lvreduce -L -20G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv     //减小20G
lvresize -l  +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv   //按百分比扩容

resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv            //重新调整逻辑卷大小

2，具体操作如下

按百分比进行磁盘扩容

yjy@yjy-pc:~$ sudo lvresize -l  +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
  Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from 200.00 GiB (51200 extents) to 1.95 TiB (511743 extents).
  Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
yjy@yjy-pc:~$ resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 
resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
open: Permission denied while opening /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
yjy@yjy-pc:~$

刷新分区

yjy@yjy-pc:~$ sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 
resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 25, new_desc_blocks = 250
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 524024832 (4k) blocks long.

查看文件系统磁盘空间的使用情况（发现此时已经扩容到19G）

yjy@yjy-pc:~$ df -lh
Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                                11G     0   11G   0% /dev
tmpfs                              2.1G  3.2M  2.1G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv  2.0T  186G  1.7T  10% /
tmpfs                               11G     0   11G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                              5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs                               11G     0   11G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1                          56M   56M     0 100% /snap/core18/2846
/dev/loop0                          56M   56M     0 100% /snap/core18/2128
/dev/loop2                          71M   71M     0 100% /snap/lxd/21029
/dev/loop3                          39M   39M     0 100% /snap/snapd/21759
/dev/loop4                          92M   92M     0 100% /snap/lxd/29619
/dev/loop5                          64M   64M     0 100% /snap/core20/2434
/dev/sda2                          974M  116M  792M  13% /boot
/dev/loop6                          45M   45M     0 100% /snap/snapd/23258
tmpfs                              2.1G  4.0K  2.1G   1% /run/user/1000
yjy@yjy-pc:~$

再次查看LVM卷组的信息（可扩容的空间已经成为0）

yjy@yjy-pc:~$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  System ID           
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               1.95 TiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              511743
  Alloc PE / Size       511743 / 1.95 TiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               FC7W81-kimT-oVRl-Z2iV-6r9o-hfKm-0Boig4
   
yjy@yjy-pc:~$

至此问题解决