Linux下Mysql安装

原创已于 2024-12-20 14:22:32 修改 · 537 阅读

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#linux #mysql

于 2024-12-18 15:23:57 首次发布

Mysql安装

Linux

官方网站下载安装包

1.将文件解压到/usr/local/目录下

tar -xvf  mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.gz-C /usr/local

2.切换到/usr/local/目录，将mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64重命名为mysql

cd /usr/local

mv mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 mysql

3.切换到/usr/local/mysql目录，创建data文件夹

cd /usr/local/mysql

mkdir -p data

4.在/etc/目录下创建my.cnf文件，编辑内容如下：
[mysqld]

skip-grant-tables
server_id=1001
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
user=root
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

5.初始化MySQL，保存生成的初始的初始密码

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

./mysqld  --user=mysql  --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --initialize

6.开启服务，设置开机自启动

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 

/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysqld

7.添加环境变量，在/etc/profile文件末尾添加如下内容

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql

export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

8.生效环境变量

source /etc/profile

9.开启MySQL服务，查看状态

systemctl start mysqld

systemctl status mysqld

10.登录数据库修改密码

mysql -u root -p

flush privileges;

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newpassword';

11.设置允许远程连接

create user 'root'@'%' identified by 'root';  -- 创建运行远程连接的用户

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;   -- 授权

flush privileges;                             -- 刷新权限

12.开启防火墙端口

查询全部已开放的端口

firewall-cmd --list-all

查询某个端口是否开放

firewall-cmd --query-port=端口/tcp

开放端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=端口/tcp

关闭端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=端口/tcp

刷新服务（开放、关闭端口操作后需要刷新才能生效）

firewall-cmd --reload