find 和 mv

目的是使用一条命令把搜到的文件转移到另一个目录。

当前的目录结构：

~/tmp$ tree .
.
└── dir

1 directory, 0 files

生成测试文件：

:~/tmp$ for file in {1..100}.txt 
> do
> touch $file
> done

:~/tmp$ ls
100.txt  1.txt   2.txt   3.txt   4.txt   5.txt   6.txt   7.txt   8.txt   9.txt
10.txt   20.txt  30.txt  40.txt  50.txt  60.txt  70.txt  80.txt  90.txt  dir
11.txt   21.txt  31.txt  41.txt  51.txt  61.txt  71.txt  81.txt  91.txt
12.txt   22.txt  32.txt  42.txt  52.txt  62.txt  72.txt  82.txt  92.txt
13.txt   23.txt  33.txt  43.txt  53.txt  63.txt  73.txt  83.txt  93.txt
14.txt   24.txt  34.txt  44.txt  54.txt  64.txt  74.txt  84.txt  94.txt
15.txt   25.txt  35.txt  45.txt  55.txt  65.txt  75.txt  85.txt  95.txt
16.txt   26.txt  36.txt  46.txt  56.txt  66.txt  76.txt  86.txt  96.txt
17.txt   27.txt  37.txt  47.txt  57.txt  67.txt  77.txt  87.txt  97.txt
18.txt   28.txt  38.txt  48.txt  58.txt  68.txt  78.txt  88.txt  98.txt
19.txt   29.txt  39.txt  49.txt  59.txt  69.txt  79.txt  89.txt  99.txt

~/tmp$ find . -type f -exec mv -t  dir {} +

或者：

~/tmp$ find . -type f -exec mv -t  dir {} \;
mv: './dir/11.txt' and 'dir/11.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/29.txt' and 'dir/29.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/5.txt' and 'dir/5.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/58.txt' and 'dir/58.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/32.txt' and 'dir/32.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/26.txt' and 'dir/26.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/90.txt' and 'dir/90.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/39.txt' and 'dir/39.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/84.txt' and 'dir/84.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/97.txt' and 'dir/97.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/96.txt' and 'dir/96.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/81.txt' and 'dir/81.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/28.txt' and 'dir/28.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/15.txt' and 'dir/15.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/30.txt' and 'dir/30.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/6.txt' and 'dir/6.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/100.txt' and 'dir/100.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/64.txt' and 'dir/64.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/86.txt' and 'dir/86.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/57.txt' and 'dir/57.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/3.txt' and 'dir/3.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/21.txt' and 'dir/21.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/42.txt' and 'dir/42.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/87.txt' and 'dir/87.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/79.txt' and 'dir/79.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/8.txt' and 'dir/8.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/20.txt' and 'dir/20.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/23.txt' and 'dir/23.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/27.txt' and 'dir/27.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/99.txt' and 'dir/99.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/33.txt' and 'dir/33.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/69.txt' and 'dir/69.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/74.txt' and 'dir/74.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/41.txt' and 'dir/41.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/17.txt' and 'dir/17.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/44.txt' and 'dir/44.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/77.txt' and 'dir/77.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/46.txt' and 'dir/46.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/34.txt' and 'dir/34.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/1.txt' and 'dir/1.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/67.txt' and 'dir/67.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/13.txt' and 'dir/13.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/53.txt' and 'dir/53.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/47.txt' and 'dir/47.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/45.txt' and 'dir/45.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/22.txt' and 'dir/22.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/70.txt' and 'dir/70.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/4.txt' and 'dir/4.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/89.txt' and 'dir/89.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/59.txt' and 'dir/59.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/94.txt' and 'dir/94.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/98.txt' and 'dir/98.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/12.txt' and 'dir/12.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/63.txt' and 'dir/63.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/24.txt' and 'dir/24.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/38.txt' and 'dir/38.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/82.txt' and 'dir/82.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/76.txt' and 'dir/76.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/7.txt' and 'dir/7.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/50.txt' and 'dir/50.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/93.txt' and 'dir/93.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/62.txt' and 'dir/62.txt' are the same file
mv: './dir/43.txt' and 'dir/43.txt' are the same file

这一条命令之所以有报错是因为文件移到dir后又被find搜到了。。

可以使用 maxdepth 来避免：

~/tmp$ find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec mv -t  dir {} \;

也可以用：

~/tmp$ find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec mv  {} dir  \;

或者：

~/tmp$ find . -path "./dir*" -prune  -o -type f -exec mv {} dir  \;

也可以使用 xargs.

~/tmp$ find .  -path "dir*" -o -type f -print0 | xargs -I {} -0 mv {} dir

其他比较不常见的方法：

~/tmp$ find . -path "dir*" -o  -type f -exec sh -c 'mv "$@" dir' find-sh {} +

~/tmp$ for file in $( find . -path "dir*" -prune -o -type f); do mv $file dir; done

上面这种方法不能处理文件名包括空格的情况。

~/tmp$ find . -path "./dir*" -prune -o -type f -print0 |  while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' file; do mv "$file" dir; done

References:

1. http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/154818/how-to-integrate-mv-command-after-find-command

2. http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/321697/why-is-looping-over-finds-output-bad-practice