Go语言学习11-测试-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/CKXGZXA/article/details/136826004

本文介绍了在Go语言中进行单元测试的方法，包括使用`testing`包进行基本测试和错误处理，以及使用第三方库如`assert`进行断言。此外，还提及了行为驱动开发(BDD)的实践，如GoConvey库的应用实例。

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Go语言学习11-测试

单元测试

// functions.go
package testing

func square(op int) int {
	return op * op
}

// functions_test.go
package testing

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
	"testing"
)

func TestSquare(t *testing.T) {
	inputs := [...]int{1, 2, 3}
	expected := [...]int{1, 4, 9}
	for i := 0; i < len(inputs); i++ {
		ret := square(inputs[i])
		assert.Equal(t, expected[i], ret)
		//if ret != expected[i] {
		//	t.Errorf("input is %d, the expcted is %d, the actual %d",
		//		inputs[i], expected[i], ret)
		//}
	}
}

func TestErrorInCode(t *testing.T) {
	fmt.Println("Start")
	t.Error("Error")
	fmt.Println("End")
}

func TestFailInCode(t *testing.T) {
	fmt.Println("Start")
	t.Fatal("Error")
	fmt.Println("End")
}

内置单元测试框架

Fail, Error: 该测试失败, 该测试继续, 其他测试继续执行
FailNow, Fatal: 该测试失败, 该测试中止, 其他测试继续执行
代码覆盖率
```
go test -v -cover
```
断言https://github.com/stretchr/testify

Benchmark

func BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd(b *testing.B) {
	// 与性能测试无关的代码
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		// 测试代码
	}
	b.StopTimer()
    // 与性能测试无关的代码
}

benchmark命令

go test -bench=. -benchmem

-bench=<相关benchmark测试>

Windows下使用go test命令行时, -bench=. 应写为 -bench="."

Behavior Driven Development

让业务领域的专家参与开发

“I believe that the hardest part of software projects, the most common source of project failure, is communication with the customers and users of that software. By providing a clear yet precise language to deal with domains, a DSL can help improve this communication.” – Martin Fowler.

用业务领域的语言来描述

BDD in Go

项目网站

https://github.com/smartystreets/goconvey

安装

go get -u github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey

启动 web ui

$GOPATH/bin/goconvey

示例

func TestSpec(t *testing.T) {
	// Only pass t into top-level Convey calls
	Convey("Given 2 even numbers", t, func() {
		a := 2
		b := 4

		Convey("When add the two numbers", func() {
			c := a + b

			Convey("Then the result is still even", func() {
				So(c%2, ShouldEqual, 0)
			})
		})
	})
}