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已于 2024-02-25 20:08:55 修改

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文章标签： elasticsearch 数据库大数据

于 2024-02-25 15:31:58 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/CB_Beginner/article/details/136283065

版权

本文详细介绍了如何在Elasticsearch中进行索引的创建、配置、删除、修改，以及文档的增删改查操作，包括使用PUT、DELETE、HEAD等方法，同时涵盖了查询语法、排序、分页、分组、索引模板、分词器和文档评分机制等内容。

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#创建索引
#PUT 索引名称
PUT test_index


#PUT 索引
#增加配置：JSON格式的主体内容
PUT test_index_1
{
  "aliases": {
    "test1": {}
  }
}

#删除索引
DELETE test_index_1


# 修改索引配置
# ES 软件不允许修改索引信息
PUT test_index_1
{
  "aliases": {
    "test1": {}
  }
}


# HEAD 索引 HTTP状态那：200 404
HEAD test_index


#查询索引
#GET 索引名称
GET test_index
GET test_index_1
GET test1

#查询所有索引
GET _cat/indices



#创建文档（索引数据）
PUT test_doc

#PUT 增加数据 路径后面需要增加唯一标识，且标识是自己自定义的
PUT test_doc/_doc/1001
{
  "id":1001,
  "name":"张胜男",
  "age":30
}

#POST 增加数据路径后面不需要增加唯一ID，ID是系统自动生成
POST test_doc/_doc
{
  "id":1001,
  "name":"张胜男",
  "age":30
}

#查询文档

#查询文档中所有的数据
GET test_doc/_search 
GET test_doc/_doc/1001

#修改数据
PUT test_doc/_doc/1001
{
   "id" : 10011,
    "name" : "张胜男",
    "age" : 30,
    "tel":123
}

POST test_doc/_doc/1001
{
  "id":1001,
  "name":"张胜男",
  "age":300
}

#删除数据
DELETE test_doc/_doc/ZvksjowB6-gES7OmSZxt


PUT test_query
# 批量操作用_bulk
PUT test_query/_bulk
{"index": {"_index": "test_query","_id": "1001"}}
{"id": "1001","name":"zhang san","age":30}
{"index": {"_index": "test_query","_id": "1002"}}
{"id": "1002","name":"li si","age": 40}
{"index": {"_index": "test_query","_id": "1003"}}
{"id": "1003", "name": "wang wu","age" : 50}
{"index": {"_index": "test_query","_id": "1004"}}
{"id": "1004","name": "zhangsan", "age" : 30}
{"index": {"_index": "test_query","_id": "1005"}}
{"id": "1005","name": "lisi","age":40}
{"index": {"_index": "test_query","_id": "1006"}}
{"id": "1006", "name ": "wangwu","age" : 50}

GET test_query/_search

#基础查询语法
#match 是分词查询，ES会奖数据分词（关键词）保存
# 是分词的模糊匹配
GET test_query/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "zhang li"
    }
  }
}

#_source对查询结果的字段进行限制
GET test_query/_search
{
  "_source": ["name","age"], 
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "zhang li"
    }
  }
}


#精确匹配
GET test_query/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "name": {
        "value": "zhang san"
      }
    }
  }
}


#组合多个条件 or
GET test_query/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "match": {
            "name": "zhang"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "age": 40
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}


#排序后查询
GET test_query/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "zhang li"
    }
  },
  "sort": [
    {
      "age": {
        "order": "desc"
      }
    }
  ]
}


#分页查询
GET test_query/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "from": 2,
  "size": 4
}



#分组查询
# ageGroup1 聚合名称顺便取值
GET test_query/_search
{
  "aggs": {
    "ageGroup1": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "age"
      }
    }
  }
}

#分组后聚合（求和）
# 在语法关键字同级别下，后面继续语法操作
GET test_query/_search
{
  "aggs": {
    "ageGroup": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "age"
      },
      "aggs": {
        "ageSum": {
          "sum": {
            "field": "age"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


#求年龄平均值
GET test_query/_search
{
  "aggs": {
    "avgAge": {
      "avg": {
        "field": "age"
      }
    }
  }
}

#获取前几名操作
GET test_query/_search
{
  "aggs": {
    "top3": {
      "top_hits": {
        "sort": [
          {
            "age": {
              "order": "desc"
            }
          }
          ], 
        "size": 3
      }
    }
  }
}



#索引模版
PUT test_temp
GET test_temp
GET test_temp_1

PUT test_temp_1
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards":2
  }
}


# index_patterns 匹配上自定义模版的规则 名称是my 开头
PUT _template/mytemplate
{
  "index_patterns": [
    "my*"
    ],
    "settings": {
      "index":{
        "number_of_shards":"2"
      }
    },
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "now":{
          "type": "date",
          "format": "yyyy/MM/dd"
        }
      }
    }
}

#查询模版
GET _template/mytemplate

PUT my_test_temp
GET my_test_temp
DELETE  my_test_temp


#删除模版
DELETE _template/mytemplate


#分词器
GET _analyze
{
  "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
  "text": ["我是一个三好学生"]
}

#文档评分机制
PUT test_score
# 公式  boost * idf * tf 
#tf 词频
# idf 逆文档频率
#explain=true
GET test_score/_search?explain=true
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "text": "zhang"
    }
  }
}


PUT test_score/_doc/1001
{
  "text":"zhang kai shou bi,ying jie tai yang"
}

PUT test_score/_doc/1002
{
  "text":"zhang san"
}



PUT atguigu
PUT atguigu/_doc/1001
{
  "text":"java"
}


PUT atguigu/_doc/1002
{
  "text":"java bigData"
}

#tf  freq / (freq + k1 * (1 - b + b * dl / avgdl))
#idf log(1 + (N - n + 0.5) / (n + 0.5))
GET atguigu/_search?explain=true
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "text": "java"
    }
  }
}



PUT atguigu/_doc/1003
{
  "text":"bigData",
  "content":"java bigData"
}


GET atguigu/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "text": "java"
    }
  }
}

DELETE atguigu
PUT testscore
GET testscore/_search

PUT /testscore/_doc/1001
{
  "title":"Hadoop is a Framework",
  "content":"Hadoop 是一个大数据基础框架"
}

PUT /testscore/_doc/1002
{
  "title":"Hive is a SQL Tools",
  "content":"Hive 是一个SQL工具"
}

PUT /testscore/_doc/1003
{
  "title":"Spark is a Framework",
  "content":"Spark是一个分布式计算引擎"
}

#查询的权重
GET /testscore/_search?explain=true
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "match": {
            "title": {"query": "Hadoop","boost": 1}
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "title": {"query": "Hive","boost": 2}
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "title": {"query": "Spark","boost": 1}
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}