Ubuntu18.04 下基于Anaconda3(Python3.X)安装OpenCV

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在Anaconda3环境下安装OpenCV与Python2.7版本下不太一样，本教程是基于Anaconda3下安装的~
如果用户的Python环境为2.7版本，请看考Python2.7版本下OpenCV的安装方法：
链接点击此处：Ubuntu18.04 下安装OpenCV3.4.1

1. 安装依赖项

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libdc1394-22-dev # 处理图像所需的包
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev # 处理视频所需的包
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran # 优化opencv功能
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev

2. 下载安装

首先下载自己需要的版本：https://anaconda.org/menpo/opencv3/files
本人用的是Python3.6，故下载的包为：opencv3-3.1.0-py36_0.tar.bz2
在终端使用conda命令执行：

conda install opencv3-3.1.0-py36_0.tar.bz2  

不报错即为安装完成~

3. 测试

在终端输入：

XXX@XXX:~/Files$ python
Python 3.6.4 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jan 16 2018, 18:10:19) 
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'3.1.0'

不报错，且顺利通过，表明安装成功~

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在导入import cv2的时候可能会出现以下问题：

XXX@XXX:~/Files$ python
Python 3.6.4 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jan 16 2018, 18:10:19) 
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libatk-1.0.so.0: undefined symbol: g_log_structured_standard
>>> cv2.__version__
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'cv2' is not defined

解决方法：
Caffe-SSD错误：ImportError: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libatk-1.0.so.0: undefined symbol: g_log_structur

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参考资料：
[1] 在Ubuntu中用anaconda快速安装opencv3