鲲鹏麒麟安装Prometheus+Grafana_麒麟安装grafana-server-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Angushine/article/details/138291121

1、安装Prometheus

(1)、在Prometheus官网Download | Prometheus下载适用于鲲鹏麒麟的安装包，操作系统选择Linux，架构选择arm64，也可直接使用如下地址下载

https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.51.2/prometheus-2.51.2.linux-arm64.tar.gz

(2)、Prometheus安装路径规划在/data/app/，将下载的prometheus-2.51.2.linux-arm64.tar.gz文件上传到/data/app/，执行解压

tar -zxvf ./prometheus-2.51.2.linux-arm64.tar.gz

解压后可将prometheus-2.51.2.linux-arm64目录名修改为prometheus

(3)、进入解压后的目录，修改配置文件prometheus.yml

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
    - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: "prometheus"
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["localhost:9080"]

  - job_name: "node_exporter"
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["10.16.3.1:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.2:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.3:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.4:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.5:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.6:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.7:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.8:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.9:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.10:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.11:1801"]
      - targets: ["10.16.3.12:1801"]

Prometheus服务端默认端口为9090，这里使用9080，因此job_name为prometheus的targets修改为localhost:9080，job_name为node_exporter为需要监听的节点（Prometheus为主动拉取各个节点的监控数据），这里需要和“3、配置node exporter”前后呼应，注意修改配置后，Prometheus需要重新启动一下。

(4)、启动Prometheus，执行

nohup /data/app/prometheus/prometheus --web.listen-address=:9080 --config.file="/data/app/prometheus/prometheus.yml" &

--web.listen-address=:9080为访问端口

(5)、打开浏览器，这是就可以访问了http://10.16.39.1:9080，可以选择导航栏Status菜单Targets查看监听的各个节点信息。

2、安装Grafana

(1)在Grafana官网Grafana: The open observability platform | Grafana Labs下载，同样注意选择相应的版本，也可以使用如下地址直接下载

https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-8.4.7.linux-arm64.tar.gz
https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-9.4.7.linux-arm64.tar.gz

这里使用

tar -zxvf ./grafana-8.4.7.linux-arm64.tar.gz
mv grafana-8.4.7.linux-arm64 grafana

这个版本，同样使用上面的方法进行解压和修改目录名

(2)进入Grafana目录下的bin目录，执行启动命令

./grafana-server start &

（3）打开浏览器，这是就可以访问了http://10.16.39.1:3000了。

（4）配置数据源，在设置中添加数据源，如下图所示

3、配置node exporter

（1）在Prometheus下载页面下载对应的exporter，这里因为要监控服务器，只用node_exporter，如果要监听MySQL，可以下载mysqld_exporter，以此类推，node_exporter下载地址如下

https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.8.0/node_exporter-1.8.0.linux-arm64.tar.gz

（2）解压下载的文件并改名

tar -zxvf ./node_exporter-1.8.0.linux-arm64.tar.gz
mv node_exporter-1.8.0.linux-arm64 node_exporter

（3）启动

nohup ./node_exporter --web.listen-address=:1801 >start.log &

这时在http://10.16.3.1:1801就可以访问了，访问http://10.16.3.1:1801/metrics就可以查看监控的节点信息

（4）这时就可以在http://10.16.3.1:9080网站Status->Targets页面看到对应节点的状态信息。

（5）如果防火墙开启了，还需要增加相应的访问端口

# 增加Prometheus访问端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9080/tcp --permanent
# 增加Grafana访问端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3000/tcp --permanent
# 增加node exporter访问端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1801/tcp --permanent
# 使配置生效
firewall-cmd --reload

（6）增加开机启动

使用命令：vi /etc/rc.local，在文件尾部追加

nohup /data/public/node_exporter/node_exporter --web.listen-address=:1801 > /data/public/node_exporter/start.log &

4、Grafana导入监控配置

{
  "__inputs": [
    {
      "name": "DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS",
      "label": "Prometheus",
      "description": "",
      "type": "datasource",
      "pluginId": "prometheus",
      "pluginName": "Prometheus"
    }
  ],
  "__elements": [],
  "__requires": [
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "bargauge",
      "name": "Bar gauge",
      "version": ""
    },
    {
      "type": "grafana",
      "id": "grafana",
      "name": "Grafana",
      "version": "8.3.6"
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "graph",
      "name": "Graph (old)",
      "version": ""
    },
    {
      "type": "datasource",
      "id": "prometheus",
      "name": "Prometheus",
      "version": "1.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "stat",
      "name": "Stat",
      "version": ""
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "table",
      "name": "Table",
      "version": ""
    }
  ],
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "$$hashKey": "object:2875",
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": "-- Grafana --",
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "target": {
          "limit": 100,
          "matchAny": false,
          "tags": [],
          "type": "dashboard"
        },
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "description": "基于ConsulManager采集的ECS，可匹配自动同步方式采集ECS信息字段的展示，优化重要指标展示。使用Grafana8新表格重建，新增健康评分概念，并新增了整体资源消耗信息的一些图表。包含整体资源展示与资源明细图表：CPU 内存 磁盘 IO 网络等监控指标。https://github.com/starsliao/ConsulManager",
  "editable": true,
  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
  "gnetId": 8919,
  "graphTooltip": 0,
  "id": null,
  "iteration": 1649806176515,
  "links": [
    {
      "$$hashKey": "object:2300",
      "icon": "bolt",
      "tags": [],
      "targetBlank": true,
      "title": "Update",
      "tooltip": "更新当前仪表板",
      "type": "link",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/dashboards/8919"
    },
    {
      "$$hashKey": "object:2301",
      "icon": "question",
      "tags": [],
      "targetBlank": true,
      "title": "GitHub",
      "tooltip": "查看更多仪表板",
      "type": "link",
      "url": "https://github.com/starsliao/ConsulManager"
    },
    {
      "$$hashKey": "object:2302",
      "asDropdown": true,
      "icon": "external link",
      "tags": [],
      "targetBlank": true,
      "title": "",
      "type": "dashboards"
    }
  ],
  "liveNow": false,
  "panels": [
    {
      "collapsed": false,
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 187,
      "panels": [],
      "title": "资源总览：当前选中主机：$show_name，实例：$instance",
      "type": "row"
    },
    {
      "description": "分区使用率、磁盘读取、磁盘写入、下载带宽、上传带宽，如果有多个网卡或者多个分区，是采集的使用率最高的网卡或者分区的数值。\n\n连接数：CurrEstab - 当前状态为 ESTABLISHED 或 CLOSE-WAIT 的 TCP 连接数。\n\n健康值是一个新增的指标，根据CPU，内存，IO计算出来的一个值，低于90分说明系统的资源使用情况需要注意了，这是一个正在测试的指标，参数可能需要根据实际情况再优化。",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "align": "center",
            "displayMode": "auto",
            "filterable": false
          },
          "decimals": 1,
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "none"
        },
        "overrides": [
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "内存"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "bytes"
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 67
              },
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "blue",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-text"
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals",
                "value": 0
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "启动(天)"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "none"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 40
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "磁盘读取*"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "binBps"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                      "value": 10485760
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                      "value": 20485760
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 78
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "磁盘写入*"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "binBps"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                      "value": 10485760
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                      "value": 20485760
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 81
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "下载带宽*"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "binbps"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                      "value": 30485760
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                      "value": 104857600
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 81
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "上传带宽*"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "binbps"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                      "value": 30485760
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                      "value": 104857600
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 85
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "负载"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "decimals",
                "value": 2
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 50
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "连接数"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                      "value": 1000
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                      "value": 1500
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 54
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "TCP_tw"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                      "value": 5000
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                      "value": 20000
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 63
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "CPU"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 44
              },
              {
                "id": "decimals",
                "value": 0
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-text"
              },
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "blue",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "IP"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 80
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.filterable",
                "value": true
              },
              {
                "id": "mappings",
                "value": [
                  {
                    "options": {
                      "pattern": "/(.*):.*/",
                      "result": {
                        "index": 0,
                        "text": "$1"
                      }
                    },
                    "type": "regex"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "名称"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.filterable",
                "value": true
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 75
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "健康值"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 52
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "absolute",
                  "steps": [
                    {
                      "color": "red",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "orange",
                      "value": 80
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "green",
                      "value": 90
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "thresholds"
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byRegexp",
              "options": "/.*使用率.*/"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "percent"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "gradient-gauge"
              },
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "mode": "continuous-GrYlRd"
                }
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 100
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "IOutil使用率*"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 95
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "分区使用率*"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 96
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "到期日"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 86
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "实例ID"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "custom.width",
                "value": 62
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 10,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 198,
      "options": {
        "footer": {
          "fields": [
            "Value #B",
            "Value #C",
            "Value #L",
            "Value #H",
            "Value #I",
            "Value #M",
            "Value #N",
            "Value #J",
            "Value #K"
          ],
          "reducer": [
            "sum"
          ],
          "show": false
        },
        "showHeader": true,
        "sortBy": [
          {
            "desc": false,
            "displayName": "健康值"
          }
        ]
      },
      "pluginVersion": "8.3.6",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "node_uname_info{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"} - 0",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "主机名",
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(time() - node_boot_time_seconds{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"})by(instance)/86400",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "运行时间",
          "refId": "D"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"} - 0",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "总内存",
          "refId": "B"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "count(node_cpu_seconds_total{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",mode='system',name=~\".*$sname.*\"}) by (instance)",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "总核数",
          "refId": "C"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "node_load5{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"}",
          "format": "table",
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "5分钟负载",
          "refId": "L"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "(1 - avg(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",mode=\"idle\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"}[$interval])) by (instance)) * 100",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "CPU使用率",
          "refId": "F"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "(1 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"})))* 100",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "内存使用率",
          "refId": "G"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "max((node_filesystem_size_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}-node_filesystem_free_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}) *100/(node_filesystem_avail_bytes {vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}+(node_filesystem_size_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"}-node_filesystem_free_bytes{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\",fstype=~\"ext.?|xfs\"})))by(instance)",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "分区使用率",
          "refId": "E"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_TEST-PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "max(rate(node_disk_read_bytes_total{vendor=~\"$vendor\",account=~\"$account\",group=~\"$group\",name=~\"$name\",name=~\".*$sname.*\"}[$interval])) by (instance)",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "最大读取",
          "refId": "H"
        },