[DHU数据科学]HW1

1. (简答题) 编写Python程序实现以下功能：从键盘输入若干同学的姓名，保存在字符串列表中；输入某个同学的名字，检索是否已保存在列表中。 

# 初始化一个空列表来存储同学的姓名
students = []

# 从键盘输入姓名
while True:
    name = input("请输入同学的姓名（输入'结束'来停止）：")
    if name == '结束':
        break
    students.append(name)

# 输出已输入的同学姓名
print("已输入的同学姓名：", students)

# 持续进行姓名检索
while True:
    search_name = input("请输入要检索的同学姓名（输入'退出'来停止检索）：")
    if search_name == '退出':
        print("退出检索。")
        break

    # 检索姓名是否在列表中
    if search_name in students:
        print(f"{search_name} 在列表中。")
    else:
        print(f"{search_name} 不在列表中。")

2. (简答题) 编写Python程序实现以下功能：使用字典记录多位同学的姓名及对应身高；输入任意同学的姓名，查找并显示所有高于此身高的同学信息。 

# Initialize an empty dictionary to store students' names and heights
students = {}

# Input students' names and heights
while True:
    name = input("Enter the student's name (type 'end' to stop): ")
    if name.lower() == 'end':
        break
    height = input(f"Enter {name}'s height (in centimeters): ")
    
    # Store the name and height in the dictionary
    students[name] = float(height)

# Output the entered student information
print("Entered student information:", students)

# Find students taller than the specified student
while True:
    search_name = input("Enter the name of the student to search for (type 'exit' to stop searching): ")
    if search_name.lower() == 'exit':
        print("Exiting search.")
        break

    if search_name in students:
        search_height = students[search_name]
        print(f"{search_name}'s height is {search_height} cm.")
        print("The following students are taller than them:")
        
        # Find and print other students taller than the specified student
        found = False
        for student, height in students.items():
            if height > search_height:
                print(f"{student}: {height} cm")
                found = True
        
        if not found:
            print("There are no students taller than this student.\n")
    else:
        print(f"Student {search_name} not found.\n")