LeetCode热题100记录-【链表】

链表

160.相交链表
思考:只要p1和p2不相等就一直在循环里,因为就算都为null也会走到相等
记录:需要二刷

public class Solution {
    public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode headA, ListNode headB) {
        ListNode p1 = headA,p2 = headB;
        while(p1 != p2){
            if(p1 == null){
                p1 = headB;
            }else{
                p1 = p1.next;
            }
            if(p2 == null){
                p2 = headA;
            }else{
                p2 = p2.next;
            }
        }
        return p1;
    }
}

206.反转链表
记录:需要二刷
思考:迭代写法,定义三个指针pre、cur、nxt,pre和cur负责将指针反转,然后依次向后移动,nxt负责进行下个要反转节点的移动

class Solution {
    public ListNode reverseList(ListNode head) {
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return head;
        }
        ListNode pre = null,cur = head,nxt = head.next;
        while(cur != null){
            cur.next = pre;
            pre = cur;
            cur = nxt;
            if(nxt != null){
                nxt = nxt.next;
            }
        }
        return pre;
    }
}

思考:递归写法,把头节点拎出来,直接把后面的链表全部反转,然后考虑第一个节点怎么变化。后面的反转指向第一个,第一个指向空,想象一下链表结构,不要跳进递归

class Solution {
    public ListNode reverseList(ListNode head) {
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return head;
        }
        ListNode last = reverseList(head.next);
        head.next.next = head;
        head.next = null;
        return last;
    }
}

234.回文链表
思考:链表不能整体反转,因为会破坏原来的链表结构,只能用快慢指针先找到后面一半再反转
记录:需要二刷

class Solution {
    public boolean isPalindrome(ListNode head) {
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return true;
        }
        ListNode fast = head,slow = head;
        while(fast != null && fast.next != null){
            fast = fast.next.next;
            slow = slow.next;
        }
        ListNode newHead = reverse(slow);
        ListNode p1 = head,p2 = newHead;
        while(p2 != null){
            if(p1.val != p2.val){
                return false;
            }
            p1 = p1.next;
            p2 = p2.next;
        }
        return true;
    }
    ListNode reverse(ListNode head){
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return head;
        }
        ListNode last = reverse(head.next);
        head.next.next = head;
        head.next = null;
        return last;
    }
}

141.环形链表
思考:只要有环一定相交,并且fast不会指向null,因为一直在环里绕
记录:不需要二刷

public class Solution {
    public boolean hasCycle(ListNode head) {
        ListNode fast = head,slow = head;
        while(fast != null && fast.next != null){
            fast = fast.next.next;
            slow = slow.next;
            if(fast == slow){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

142.环形链表2
思考:先套判断是否为环形链表的模板,然后当两个指针相遇,将slow置为head,然后slow++,fast++,再次相遇就是环起点。可以画图看一下,这是个公式,记住
记录:需要二刷

public class Solution {
    public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
        ListNode fast = head,slow = head;
        while(fast != null && fast.next != null){
            fast = fast.next.next;
            slow = slow.next;
            if(fast == slow){
                slow = head;
                while(fast != slow){
                    fast = fast.next;
                    slow = slow.next;
                }
                return slow;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

21.合并两个有序链表
思考:哪个小后面就接谁,最后跟上没遍历完的链表,秒
记录:不需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode list1, ListNode list2) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(-1);
        ListNode p = dummy,p1 = list1,p2 = list2;
        while(p1 != null && p2 != null){
            if(p1.val <= p2.val){
                p.next = p1;
                p1 = p1.next;
            }else{
                p.next = p2;
                p2 = p2.next;
            }
            p = p.next;
        }
        if(p1 != null){
            p.next = p1;
        }
        if(p2 != null){
            p.next = p2;
        }
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

2.两数相加
思考:用一个count记录进位情况,只要链表1和2有数值,并且进位有数值,每次的val就依次相加。并且每次循环更新count和val值
记录:不需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode addTwoNumbers(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(-1);
        ListNode p = dummy,p1 = l1,p2 = l2;
        int count = 0;
        while(p1 != null || p2 != null || count != 0){
            int val = count;
            if(p1 != null){
                val = val + p1.val;
                p1 = p1.next;
            }
            if(p2 != null){
                val = val + p2.val;
                p2 = p2.next;
            }
            count = val / 10;
            val = val % 10;
            p.next = new ListNode(val);
            p = p.next;           
        }
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

19.删除链表的倒数第n个节点
思考:用虚拟头节点,这样能防止p2.next.next越界
记录:不需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(-1);
        dummy.next = head;
        ListNode p1 = dummy,p2 = dummy;
        while(n >= 0){
            p1 = p1.next;
            n--;
        }
        while(p1!= null){
            p1 = p1.next;
            p2 = p2.next;
        }
        p2.next = p2.next.next;
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

24.两两交换链表中的节点
思考:用递归,两两交换,就抽出我们交换的两个节点,其他节点用others,然后进行交换操作
记录:需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode swapPairs(ListNode head) {
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return head;
        }
        ListNode first = head,second = head.next,others = head.next.next;
        first.next = swapPairs(others);
        second.next = first;
        return second;
    }
}

25.K个一组翻转链表
思考:先反转以head开头的k个元素,再将k+1个元素作为head递归调用
记录:需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode reverseKGroup(ListNode head, int k) {
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return head;
        }
        ListNode a = head,b = head;
        for(int i = 0;i < k;i++){
            //不足k个不需要翻转
            if(b == null){
                return head;
            }
            b = b.next;
        }
        ListNode newHead = reverse(a,b);
        a.next = reverseKGroup(b,k);
        return newHead;
    }
    ListNode reverse(ListNode a,ListNode b){
        ListNode pre = null,cur = a,nxt = a;
        while(cur != b){
            nxt = cur.next;
            cur.next = pre;
            pre = cur;
            cur = nxt;
        }
        return pre;
    }
}

138.随机链表的复制
思考:深拷贝问题就是一个哈希表+两次遍历

  • 哈希表:存原始节点 到 拷贝出的节点
  • 第一次遍历:为每个原始节点,创建一个映射的拷贝出的新节点
  • 第二次遍历:按照原始节点的链条规则,组装新节点
    记录:需要二刷
class Solution {
    public Node copyRandomList(Node head) {
        HashMap<Node,Node> hm = new HashMap<>();
        for(Node p = head;p != null;p = p.next){
            if(!hm.containsKey(p)){
                hm.put(p,new Node(p.val));
            }
        }
        for(Node p = head;p != null;p = p.next){
            if(p.next != null){
                hm.get(p).next = hm.get(p.next);
            }
            if(p.random != null){
                hm.get(p).random = hm.get(p.random);
            }
        }
        return hm.get(head);
    }
}

148.排序链表
思考:解析太负责我懒得看了,直接把他存到数组,用数组排序,然后再取出来
记录:不需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode sortList(ListNode head) {
        ListNode p = head;
        int size = 0;
        while(p != null){
            p = p.next;
            size++;
        }
        p = head;
        int[] num = new int[size];
        for(int i = 0;i < size;i++){
            num[i] = p.val;
            p = p.next;
        }
        p = head;
        Arrays.sort(num);
        for(int i : num){
            p.val = i;
            p = p.next;
        }
        return head;   
    }
}

23.合并K个升序链表
思考:用优先级队列,把lists按照顺序装进去,然后再弹出
记录:不需要二刷

class Solution {
    public ListNode mergeKLists(ListNode[] lists) {
        PriorityQueue<Integer> pq = new PriorityQueue<>();
        for(int i = 0;i < lists.length;i++){
            ListNode head = lists[i];
            ListNode p = head;
            while(p != null){
                pq.offer(p.val);
                p = p.next;
            }
        }
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(-1);
        ListNode newP = dummy;
        while(!pq.isEmpty()){
            newP.next = new ListNode(pq.poll());
            newP = newP.next;
        }
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

146.LRU缓存
思考:记住用的数据结构:LinkedHashMap,要设计一个makeRecently类
记录:需要二刷

class LRUCache {
    LinkedHashMap<Integer,Integer> cache;
    int cap = 0;
    public LRUCache(int capacity) {
        cache = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        cap = capacity;
    }
    
    public int get(int key) {
        if(cache.containsKey(key)){
            makeRecently(key);
            return cache.get(key);
        }else{
            return -1;
        }
    }
    
    public void put(int key, int value) {
        if(cache.containsKey(key)){
            cache.put(key,value);
            makeRecently(key);
        }else{
            cache.put(key,value);
        }
        if(cache.size() > cap){
            int maxKey = cache.keySet().iterator().next();
            cache.remove(maxKey);
        }
    }

    public void makeRecently(int key){
        if(cache.containsKey(key)){
            int val = cache.get(key);
            cache.remove(key);
            cache.put(key,val);
        }
    }
}
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