RSA 非对称加密,应用过程
非对称算法的在应用的过程如下:
-
接收方生成公钥和私钥,公钥公开,私钥保留;
-
发送方将要发送的消息采用公钥加密,得到密文,然后将密文发送给接收方;
-
接收方收到密文后,用自己的私钥进行解密,获得明文。
RSAUtils工具类:
package com.demo.utils;
import java.util.Map;
@Slf4j
public class RSAUtils {
public static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "public_key";
public static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "private_key";
public static Map<String, String> generateRasKey() {
Map<String, String> rs = new HashMap<>();
try {
// KeyPairGenerator类用于生成公钥和私钥对,基于RSA算法生成对象
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;
keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
// 生成一个密钥对,保存在keyPair中
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
// 得到私钥 公钥
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));
// 得到私钥字符串
String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64((privateKey.getEncoded())));
// 将公钥和私钥保存到Map
rs.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKeyString);
rs.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKeyString);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("RsaUtils invoke genKeyPair failed.", e);
throw new RsaException("RsaUtils invoke genKeyPair failed.");
}
return rs;
}
public static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) {
try {
//base64编码的公钥
byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
//RSA加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
return Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("RsaUtils invoke encrypt failed.", e);
throw new RsaException("RsaUtils invoke encrypt failed.");
}
}
public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey) {
try {
//64位解码加密后的字符串
byte[] inputByte = Base64.decodeBase64(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
//base64编码的私钥
byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
//RSA解密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
return new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("RsaUtils invoke decrypt failed.", e);
throw new RsaException("RsaUtils invoke decrypt failed.");
}
}
}
RsaException: 是自定义异常
@Getter
public class RsaException extends RuntimeException {
private final String message;
public RsaException(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
使用:
public class RsaTest {
/**
* 用测试生成的公钥,私钥赋值
*/
private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCFtTlL61IqIGd+fRLUhJ0MjsqFXFJswCohJ45m51WvbxDPRP3gllW0WChk74D5JEOpMDSWo4C7RfoGlBRNW7kQ6qYGukYZ5jgYpzoT0+gp3on96fQXEyQJysv9xiTPIdmSXXVVj1HAOJw29RbzxIVKUSzzPXvEtXRTtCC1+wkAJQIDAQAB";
private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "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";
/**
* 生成公钥私钥
*/
@Test
public void generateRsaKey() {
Map<String, String> map = RSAUtils.generateRasKey();
System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为:" + map.get(RSAUtils.PUBLIC_KEY));
System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为:" + map.get(RSAUtils.PRIVATE_KEY));
}
/**
* 加密: Yeidauky/iN1/whevov2+ntzXJKAp2AHfESu5ixnDqH5iB7ww+TcfqJpDfkPHfb12Y0sVXw0gBHNJ4inkh7l2/SJBze3pKQU/mg3oyDokTia3JZIs+e80/iJcSfN+yA1JaqY+eJPYiBiOGAF2S6x0ynvJg/Wj0fwp2Tq3PDzRMo=
*/
@Test
public void testEncrypt() {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("username", "rosh");
jsonObject.put("password", "123456");
String str = jsonObject.toJSONString();
String encrypt = RSAUtils.encrypt(str, PUBLIC_KEY);
System.out.println(encrypt);
}
@Test
public void testDecrypt() {
String decrypt = RSAUtils.decrypt("Yeidauky/iN1/whevov2+ntzXJKAp2AHfESu5ixnDqH5iB7ww+TcfqJpDfkPHfb12Y0sVXw0gBHNJ4inkh7l2/SJBze3pKQU/mg3oyDokTia3JZIs+e80/iJcSfN+yA1JaqY+eJPYiBiOGAF2S6x0ynvJg/Wj0fwp2Tq3PDzRMo=",
PRIVATE_KEY);
System.out.println(decrypt);
}
}