关于SpringMVC配置文件中的<context:component-scan >

本文详细介绍了SpringMVC配置文件中的注解配置方法,特别是如何使用<context:component-scan>来精确控制组件扫描范围,避免不必要的扫描。

最近在学习Springmvc配置文件,以下是个人对它的一些理解


主要说一下关于注解的问题:

配置注解需要在XML文件头中加入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" <-----就是context和下面的两个context
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd"
   >
然后进行<context:component-scan base-package="" use-default-filters="true">标签的配置

这个标签中有两个子标签分别是

<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression=""/>
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression=""/>

当你在expression中写上org.springframework.stereotype.Controller这个时候分别代表包含@Controller和不包含@Controller

但是!!!

因为<context:component-scan>中有一个use-default-filters属性,它默认是true的,而当他为true时还会扫描base-package中的@Component以及它的子注解@Service,@Reposity

这样就和我们一般开发相违背,我们只要扫描有@Controller的话,就需要把true设置成false

下面是我的只扫描Controller类的例子

<context:component-scan base-package="org.zdc" use-default-filters="false">
   		<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
注意:在这里我的org.zdc的后面还会包含其他的包名

当然,如果你把所有的Controller类放在了同一个web下,那么你就不用再设置这个属性了,比如这样

<context:component-scan base-package="org.zdc.web"/>
因为你的web下全都是只含有@Controller的注解,所以他也不会扫描其他的目录了.


实验十二 SpringMVC 一、实验目的 1、掌握SpringMVC项目构建 2、掌握SpringMVC数据接收与传递的原理 二、实验过程 1、配置SpringMVC开发环境 a)创建新的项目,TestSpringMvc b)为项目添加Web框架和SpringMVC框架 c)添加classes目录 d)添加javaee依赖 e)添加lib输出配置 将依赖文件添加至lib中 f)修改web.xml配置 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>charactorEncoding</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>charactorEncoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app> g)修改applicationContext.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config> <context:component-scan base-package="cs18.controller"/> </beans> h)添加controller,TestController.java @Controller public class TestController { @RequestMapping(value = "/showName") public String showName(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { //访问传递的参数 ; return "index.jsp"; } } i)配置tomcat,添加项目部署 j)启动tomcat,在浏览器中输入以下地址 http://localhost:8080/TestSpringMvc/showName?name=fredy 2、测试以下不同类型数据绑定方法 a)HttpServletRequet,HttpSession,Model/ModelMap b)简单数据类型绑定(int,String等) c)POJO数据绑定 d)包装POJO数据绑定 e)自定义数据类型绑定 f)数组或集合绑定 g)使用Json风格类型的数据绑定
06-11
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="3.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"> <context-param> <param-name>metadata-complete</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>exampleServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.example.ExampleServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet> <description>generated-servlet</description> <servlet-name>KuCun2 Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:KuCun2-web-context.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet> <description>generated-resources-servlet</description> <servlet-name>Resource Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.js.resource.ResourceServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>exampleServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/example</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Resource Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/resources/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener </listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> </web-app>
06-21
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>员工信息</title> <script type="text/javascript" th:src="@{/js/vue.global.js}"></script> </head> <body> <table id="dataTable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center"> <tr> <th colspan="5">员工信息</th> </tr> <tr> <th>编号</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>邮箱</th> <th>性别</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> <tr th:each="employee : ${employeeList}"> <td th:text="${employee.id}"></td> <td th:text="${employee.lastName}"></td> <td th:text="${employee.email}"></td> <td th:text="${employee.gender}"></td> <td> <a @click="deleteEmployee" th:href="@{'/employee/' + ${employee.id}}">删除</a> <a href="">修改</a> </td> </tr> </table> <form id="deleteForm" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete"> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> var vue = new Vue({ el: "#dataTable", methods: { deleteEmployee: function (event) { var deleteForm = document.getElementById("deleteForm"); deleteForm.action = event.target.href; deleteForm.submit(); event.preventDefault(); } } }); </script> </body> </html> //删除员工信息 @RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE) public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ employeeDao.delete(id); return "redirect:/employee"; } <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--配置编码过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--配置 处理请求方式put,delete的HiddenHttpmethodFilter--> <filter> <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--配置SpringMVC的前端控制器DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--开启组件扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.rest"/> <!--配置thymeleaf视图解析器--> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"> <property name="order" value="1"/> <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> <property name="templateEngine"> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine"> <property name="templateResolver"> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver"> <!-- 视图前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/> <!-- 视图后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".html"/> <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/> <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> </bean> </property> </bean> </property> </bean> <!--配置视图控制器--> <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"></mvc:view-controller> <!--开放对静态资源的访问呢--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler> <!--开启mvc注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> </beans> 报错 405 找不到方法
07-05
1.创建项目 在IDEA中,创建一个名称为chapter10的Maven Web项目,如果默认创建的Maven项目中没有自动生成webapp文件夹,可以手工添加webapp目录,添加WEB-INF目录。 2.导入的依赖包括Spring核心包的依赖、Spring MVC。 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>chapter10</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <!--Spring 核心类--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--Spring MVC--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!--JSP--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <!--构建--> <build> <!--设置插件--> <plugins> <!--具体的插件配置--> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <port>8080</port> <path>/chapter10</path> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> 3.在web.xml文件中配置前端控制器 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <!-- 配置 Spring MVC 的前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <!-- 配置初始化参数,用于读取 Spring MVC配置文件 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 应用加载时创建--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> 4.创建Spring MVC配置文件spring-mvc.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置 Spring MVC 要扫描的包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans> 5.创建处理器 在com.itheima.controller包中创建处理器FirstController类,用于处理客户端的请求并指定响应时转跳的页面。 package com.itheima.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; //设置当前类为处理器类 @Controller public class FirstController { //设定当前方法的访问映射地址 @RequestMapping("/firstController") //设置当前方法返回值类型为 String,用于指定请求完成后跳转的页面 public String sayHello() { System.out.println("访问到 FirstController!"); //设定具体跳转的页面 return "success"; } } 6.创建视图(View)页面 在项目的Web-INF文件夹下创建名称为pages的文件夹,并在pages文件夹下创建名称为success的jsp文件,用于对客户端请求进行处理后的视图展示。 <html> <body> <h2>Spring MVC FirstController!</h2> </body> </html> 7.启动项目,测试应用 idea社区版需要自己安装Tomcat插件,选择File菜单下的Settings,选择Plugins添加smart tomcat。帮我把代码总结一下,并步骤完成并取得结果
05-17
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