09-结构化搜索、搜索的相关性算分

• term 查询执行精确值匹配，要求文档中的字段值与指定的词项完全相等。对于日期字段等精确值字段，通常使用 term 查询可以快速有效地匹配文档。
• match 查询执行全文搜索，会对输入的文本进行分析，生成查询词项，并试图找到与这些词项匹配的文档
• constant_score查询是一种特殊的查询，它会为每个匹配的文档分配一个固定的分数（默认为 1.0）

DELETE products

POST /products/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "price" : 10,"avaliable":true,"date":"2023-01-01", "productID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "price" : 20,"avaliable":true,"date":"2023-01-01", "productID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":true, "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":false, "productID" : "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8" }

GET products/_mapping

# 对布尔值 match 查询，有算分
POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "avaliable": true
    }
  }
}

# 对布尔值，通过constant score 转成 filtering，没有算分
POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "term": {
          "avaliable": true
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


# 数字类型 Term
POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "price": 30
    }
  }
}

# 数字类型 terms
POST products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "terms": {
          "price": [
            "20",
            "30"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

# 数字 Range 查询
GET products/_search
{
    "query" : {
        "constant_score" : {
            "filter" : {
                "range" : {
                    "price" : {
                        "gte" : 20,
                        "lte"  : 30
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

# 日期 range
POST products/_search
{
    "query" : {
        "constant_score" : {
            "filter" : {
                "range" : {
                    "date" : {
                      "gte" : "now-1y"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

# exists查询
POST products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "exists": {
          "field": "date"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

# 处理多值字段
POST /movies/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II","year":1995, "genre":"Comedy"}
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "title" : "Dave","year":1993,"genre":["Comedy","Romance"] }


# 处理多值字段，term 查询是包含，而不是等于
POST movies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "term": {
          "genre.keyword": "Comedy"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


# 字符类型 terms
POST products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "terms": {
          "productID.keyword": [
            "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8",
            "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "price": 30
    }
  }
}


POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "date": "2019-01-01"
    }
  }
}

POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "date": "2019-01-01"
    }
  }
}


POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "term": {
          "productID.keyword": "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "productID.keyword": "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"
    }
  }
}

# 对布尔数值
POST products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "term": {
          "avaliable": "false"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

POST products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "avaliable": {
        "value": "false"
      }
    }
  }
}

POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "price": {
        "value": "20"
      }
    }
  }
}

POST products/_search
{
  "profile": "true",
  "explain": true,
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "price": "20"
    }
  }
}


POST products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "bool": {
          "must_not": {
            "exists": {
              "field": "date"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

DELETE products

# boosting 查询包含以下关键元素：

# positive: 正面条件，定义了一个条件（这里是 "content": "elasticsearch"）， 当文档匹配这个条件时，会增加文档的相关性得分。

# negative: 负面条件，定义了另一个条件（这里是 "content": "like"）， 当文档匹配这个条件时，会减少文档的相关性得分。

# negative_boost: 这个参数指定了负面条件对得分的影响程度。在这个示例中，

DELETE testscore

PUT testscore
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 1
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "content": {
        "type": "text"
      }
    }
  }
}


PUT testscore/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "content":"we use Elasticsearch to power the search" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "content":"we like elasticsearch" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "content":"The scoring of documents is caculated by the scoring formula" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "content":"you know, for search" }


# the elasticsearch会查出123条数据
# the会查出13数据
POST /testscore/_search
{
  //"explain": true,
  "query": {
    "match": {
      //"content":"you"
      "content": "elasticsearch"
      //"content":"the"
      //"content": "the elasticsearch"
    }
  }
}

# boosting 查询包含以下关键元素：
# positive: 正面条件，定义了一个条件（这里是 "content": "elasticsearch"），
#           当文档匹配这个条件时，会增加文档的相关性得分。
# negative: 负面条件，定义了另一个条件（这里是 "content": "like"），
#           当文档匹配这个条件时，会减少文档的相关性得分。
# negative_boost: 这个参数指定了负面条件对得分的影响程度。在这个示例中，
#                 设置为 0.2，表示负面条件的匹配与正面条件相比，对相关性得分的影响降低了 80%。
POST testscore/_search
{
    "query": {
        "boosting" : {
            "positive" : {
                "term" : {
                    "content" : "elasticsearch"
                }
            },
            "negative" : {
                 "term" : {
                     "content" : "like"
                }
            },
            "negative_boost" : 0.2
        }
    }
}

DELETE testscore

POST tmdb/_search
{
  "_source": ["title","overview"],
  "query": {
    "more_like_this": {
      "fields": [
        "title^10","overview"
      ],
      "like": [{"_id":"14191"}],
      "min_term_freq": 1,
      "max_query_terms": 12
    }
  }
}