这是我的表结构：
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `animalphotos`;
CREATE TABLE `animalphotos`
(
`photo_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ' 照片ID',
`animal_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 所属动物ID',
`photo_url` varchar
(255
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '图片路径或URL',
PRIMARY KEY
(`photo_id`
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `animal_id`
(`animal_id` ASC
) USING BTREE,
CONSTRAINT `animalphotos_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY
(`animal_id`
) REFERENCES `animals`
(`animal_id`
) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UP
DATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for animals
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `animals`;
CREATE TABLE `animals`
(
`animal_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '动物唯一标识',
`name` varchar
(50
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '名称',
`species` varchar
(25
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 种类',
`gender` enum
('雄','雌'
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT ' 性别',
`age` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 年龄',
`user_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ' 关联饲养者/管理者（Users
.user_id）',
`zone` varchar
(100
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '动物位置',
PRIMARY KEY
(`animal_id`
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `caretaker_id`
(`user_id` ASC
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `species_id`
(`species` ASC
) USING BTREE,
CONSTRAINT `animals_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY
(`user_id`
) REFERENCES `users`
(`user_id`
) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UP
DATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for animaltraits
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `animaltraits`;
CREATE TABLE `animaltraits`
(
`trait_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ' 特征ID',
`animal_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '动物ID（Animals）',
`nature` varchar
(20
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '性格 ',
`favourite` text CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL COMMENT ' 喜好描述',
PRIMARY KEY
(`trait_id`
) USING BTREE,
INDEX `animal_id`
(`animal_id` ASC
) USING BTREE,
CONSTRAINT `animaltraits_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY
(`animal_id`
) REFERENCES `animals`
(`animal_id`
) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UP
DATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for users
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE `users`
(
`user_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ' 用户唯一标识',
`username` varchar
(20
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
`password` varchar
(30
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '密码（加密）',
`role` enum
('游客','饲养者','管理员'
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT ' 角色：游客/饲养者/管理员',
`status` enum
('在线','离线'
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户状态
(是否在线
)',
PRIMARY KEY
(`user_id`
) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 9 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
这是我的实体类：
// User 类
public class User {
private int user_id;
private
String username;
private
String password;
private
String role;
private
String status;
private List<Animals> animals; // 用户与动物是一对多关系
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
// Animals 类
public class Animals {
private int animal_id;
private
String name;
private
String gender; // 雄/雌
private Integer age;
private
String species;
private
String zone;
private User user; // 动物与用户是一对多关系（反向关联）
private List<AnimalPhoto> animalPhotos; // 动物与照片是一对多关系
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
// AnimalPhoto 类
public class AnimalPhoto {
private int photo_id;
private Animals animal; // 照片与动物是一对多关系（反向关联）
private
String photo_url;
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
// AnimalTrait 类
public class AnimalTrait {
private int trait_id;
private Animals animal; // 特征与动物是一对一关系（反向关联）
private
String nature; // 性格
private
String favourite; // 喜好描述
// getter 和 setter 方法
}
用户
(users
) 与动物
(animals
) 之间是一对多关系。
动物
(animals
) 与照片
(animalphotos
) 之间是一对多关系。
动物
(animals
) 与特征
(animaltraits
) 之间是一对一关系。
这是我登录注册代码：
package com
.cxy
.Controller;
import com
.cxy
.Pojo
.User;
import com
.cxy
.Service
.UserService;
import org
.springframework
.beans
.factory
.annotation
.Autowired;
import org
.springframework
.stereotype
.Controller;
import org
.springframework
.ui
.Model;
import org
.springframework
.web
.bind
.annotation
.*;
import
javax
.servlet
.http
.HttpSession;
import
java.text
.Simple
DateFormat;
import
java.util
.Date;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
// 显示登录页面
@GetMapping
("/login"
)
public
String loginPage
(@
RequestParam
(value = "error", required = false
) String error, Model model
) {
if
(error != null
) {
model
.addAttribute
("error", true
);
}
return "/login/login
.jsp"; // 返回登录页面
}
// 处理登录请求
@PostMapping
("/login"
)
public
String login
(@
RequestParam
String username, @
RequestParam
String password, HttpSession session, Model model
) {
User user = userService
.login
(username, password
);
if
(user != null
) {
// 更新
数据库中的在线状态
userService
.up
dateUserStatus
(user
.getUserId
(), "在线"
);
// 将用户信息存入 session
session
.setAttribute
("user", user
);
session
.setAttribute
("username", user
.getUsername
()); // 存储用户名
session
.setAttribute
("role", user
.getRole
()); // 存储角色
session
.setAttribute
("status", "在线"
); // 存储状态
session
.setAttribute
("loginTime", new Simple
DateFormat
("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
).format
(new
Date())); // 登录
时间
return "redirect:/index
.jsp"; // 登录成功，跳转到主页
}
// 登录失败，返回登录页面并传递错误信息
model
.addAttribute
("loginError", "用户名或密码错误，请重新尝试。"
);
return "login/login
.jsp";
}
// 显示注册页面
@GetMapping
("/register"
)
public
String registerPage
() {
return "/login/register
.jsp"; // 返回注册页面
}
// 处理注册请求
@PostMapping
("/register"
)
public
String register
(User user, Model model
) {
if
(userService
.register
(user
)) {
return "/login/login
.jsp"; // 注册成功，跳转到登录页面
}
model
.addAttribute
("registerError", "用户名已存在"
); // 用户名已存在
return "/login/register
.jsp"; // 注册失败，返回注册页面
}
// 处理退出登录
@GetMapping
("/logout"
)
public
String logout
(HttpSession session
) {
User user =
(User
) session
.getAttribute
("user"
);
if
(user != null
) {
userService
.up
dateUserStatus
(user
.getUserId
(), "离线"
);
}
session
.invali
date(); // 清除session
return "redirect:/login/login
.jsp"; // 返回登录页面
}
}
这是我实现登录注册的配置：
<?xml version="1
.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis
.org//DTD Mapper 3
.0//EN"
"http://mybatis
.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper
.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com
.cxy
.Mapper
.UserMapper">
<!-- 查询用户 -->
<select id="findByUsername" resultType="com
.cxy
.Pojo
.User">
SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = #{username}
</select>
<!--
插入新用户 -->
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com
.cxy
.Pojo
.User">
INSERT INTO users
(username, password, role
)
VALUES
(#{username}, #{password}, #{role}
)
</insert>
<!-- 更新在线状态 -->
<up
date id="up
dateStatus">
UP
DATE users SET status = #{status} WHERE user_id = #{user_id}
</up
date>
</mapper>
application-dao
.xml:<?xml version="1
.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans/spring-beans
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context/spring-context
.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc
.properties"/>
<!-- 配置
数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com
.alibaba
.druid
.pool
.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="
${jdbc
.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="
${jdbc
.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="
${jdbc
.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="
${jdbc
.password}"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory"
class="org
.mybatis
.spring
.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org
.mybatis
.spring
.mapper
.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com
.cxy
.Mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
application-service
.xml:<?xml version="1
.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans/spring-beans
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context/spring-context
.xsd">
<!-- 配置组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com
.cxy
.Service"/>
</beans>
spring-mvc
.xml:<?xml version="1
.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/beans/spring-beans
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/mvc
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc
.xsd
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context
http://www
.springframework
.org/schema/context/spring-context
.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com
.cxy
.Controller"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" />
</beans>
web
.xml:<?xml version="1
.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns
.jcp
.org/xml/ns/
javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www
.w3
.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns
.jcp
.org/xml/ns/
javaee http://xmlns
.jcp
.org/xml/ns/
javaee/web-app_4_0
.xsd"
version="4
.0">
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org
.springframework
.web
.filter
.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application-*
.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org
.springframework
.web
.context
.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org
.springframework
.web
.servlet
.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc
.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 配置 Spring DispatcherServlet 映射 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
index
.jsp：
<%@ page language="
java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="
java.util
.Date" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://
java.sun
.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>动物园数字档案管理系统</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/index
.css">
</head>
<body>
<!-- 顶部导航栏 -->
<header>
<div class="logo">
<img src="<%=
request.get
ContextPath() %>/images/zoo-logo
.png" alt="Zoo Logo">
</div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/index
.jsp">首页</a></li>
<li><a href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/animal
.jsp">动物信息</a></li>
<li><a href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/activities
.jsp">活动预约</a></li>
<li><a href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/forum
.jsp">用户交流</a></li>
<%
String username =
(String) session
.getAttribute
("username"
);
String userRole =
(String) session
.getAttribute
("role"
);
String userStatus =
(String) session
.getAttribute
("status"
);
if
("饲养者"
.equals
(userRole
)) {
out
.println
("<li><a href='" +
request.get
ContextPath() + "/animal/list'>我的动物</a></li>"
);
} else if
("管理员"
.equals
(userRole
)) {
out
.println
("<li><a href='" +
request.get
ContextPath() + "/animal/list'>所有动物</a></li>"
);
}
if
(username == null
) {
out
.println
("<li><a href='" +
request.get
ContextPath() + "/login/login
.jsp'>登录/注册</a></li>"
);
} else {
out
.println
("<li><a href='" +
request.get
ContextPath() + "/logout'>退出登录</a></li>"
);
out
.println
("<li><span>登录
时间: " + session
.getAttribute
("loginTime"
) + "</span></li>"
);
}
%>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<!-- 主要内容 -->
<div class="content">
<%
if
("游客"
.equals
(userRole
)) {
%>
<div class="animal-search">
<h2>探索动物世界</h2>
<input type="text" placeholder="搜索动物
...">
<button onclick="window
.location
.href='
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/activities
.jsp'">立即预约活动</button>
</div>
<%
} else if
("饲养者"
.equals
(userRole
)) {
%>
<div class="manage-animals">
<h2>饲养者面板</h2>
<p>欢迎，<%= username %>！您
当前状态：<%= userStatus %></p>
</div>
<%
} else if
("管理员"
.equals
(userRole
)) {
%>
<div class="admin-panel">
<h2>管理员面板</h2>
<p>欢迎，<%= username %>！您
当前状态：<%= userStatus %></p>
</div>
<%
} else {
%>
<div class="welcome-message">
<h2>欢迎来到动物园数字档案管理系统</h2>
<p>请登录或注册以
获取更多功能。</p>
<button onclick="window
.location
.href='
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/login/login
.jsp'">登录/注册</button>
</div>
<%
}
%>
</div>
<!-- 底部信息栏 -->
<footer>
<div class="footer-content">
<p>©2023 动物园数字档案管理系统</p>
<p>联系我们：info@zoodatabase
.com</p>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
add_animal
.jsp:
<%@ page language="
java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://
java.sun
.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>添加动物 - 动物园数字档案管理系统</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/animal_form
.css">
</head>
<body>
<jsp:include page="/header
.jsp"/>
<div class="container">
<h1>添加新动物</h1>
<form action="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/animal/add" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name">动物名称:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="species">种类:</label>
<input type="text" id="species" name="species" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="gender">性别:</label>
<select id="gender" name="gender" required>
<option value="">请选择</option>
<option value="雄">雄</option>
<option value="雌">雌</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="age">年龄:</label>
<input type="number" id="age" name="age" min="0" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="zone">位置:</label>
<input type="text" id="zone" name="zone" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="photo_url">上传照片:</label>
<input type="file" id="photo_url" name="photo_url" multiple>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="nature">性格:</label>
<input type="text" id="nature" name="nature" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="favourite">喜好描述:</label>
<textarea id="favourite" name="favourite"></textarea>
</div>
<div class="form-actions">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加动物</button>
<a href="
${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/animal/list" class="btn btn-secondary">取消</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
注意：查询查的是动物完整的信息（包括图片），添加也要添加动物完整的信息，可以对
数据库插入动物图片。这需要对表进行关联。
请根据我的配置和我给出的添加动物页面add_aniaml
.jsp，用
javaee的ssm整合框架实现饲养者和管理者对动物的增删改查，，以及写出对应的jsp页面：在/animal/目录内，并修改index页面。包括
(controller接口,mapper接口,service,serviceimpl和Mapper新配置
)。其中饲养者登录
时：显示我的动物导航栏，点击进入页面只能对自己添加的动物进行修改
数据和删除，也可以在该页面添加新的动物。而管理者登录
时：显示所有动物导航栏，点击进入页面，可以对全部动物信息增删改。饲养者和管理者可以对动物所有信息进行写入。
本文详细介绍了Java Web开发中常见的问题及解决方案，包括EL表达式的使用、解决输出乱码、前后台日期转换、复合主键配置、利用Session跨Controller传递数据等关键知识点。
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