linux 安装docker

安装docker

官方文档

Install Docker Engine on CentOS | Docker Documentation

1、卸载旧版本

 yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

2、需要的安装包

yum install -y yum-utils

3、设置镜像仓库

-- 国外的，不推荐

yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo    

-- 阿里云镜像地址

yum-config-manager \
     --add-repo \
      http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

4、更新yum索引包

 yum makecache

5、安装docker引擎

docker-ce 社区版  docker-ee 企业版

 yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

6、启动docker

systemctl start docker

7、卸载docker

yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

rm -rf /var/lib/docker

rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

docker命令

Reference documentation | Docker Documentation

docker version  -- docker版本信息
docker info     -- docker信息
docker images  -- 查看镜像
docker 命令 --help  -- 帮助文档
docker ps -a   -- 
docker pull  xxx  -- 下拉镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像id  -- 删除镜像
docker search  xxx   -- 搜索镜像

docker attach    镜像id   -- 进入镜像，推出，镜像停止
docker exec -it 镜像id   /bin/bash  -- 进入镜像，推出，镜像不停止，推荐

---

安装Nginx

1、下载镜像

docker pull nginx

2、从nginx容器中映射核心文件

• 1、本地创建文件目录

mkdir -p /opt/docker/nginx/conf.d 
mkdir -p /opt/docker/nginx/html
mkdir -p /opt/docker/nginx/logs
touch /opt/docker/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

注：需要先创建个nginx容器，再将本地目录挂载上

docker run --name nginx -p 80:80 -d nginx

• 2、拷贝nginx容器对应的文件默认配置

docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /opt/docker/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d /opt/docker/nginx/conf.d
docker cp nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html /opt/docker/nginx
docker cp nginx:/var/log/nginx /opt/docker/nginx/logs

• 3、停止并删除nginx容器

docker stop nginx 

docker rm nginx

重新启动nginx镜像重新新容器

docker run  -p 80:80 --name nginx \
-v /opt/docker/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /opt/docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v /opt/docker/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
-v /opt/docker/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
-d nginx



docker restart nginx

有个小坑，再启动nginx容器时，/etc/nginx/conf.d/conf.d ，会多出个/conf.d，导致宿主机访问

将这个目录删除就好了

安装redis

1、拉镜像

docker pull redis

2、创建宿主机挂载目录

/opt/docker/redis/redis.conf
/opt/docker/redis/data

3、启动redis容器

docker run \
--restart=always \
 -p 6379:6379 \
 --name myredis \
 -v /opt/docker/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf \
 -v /opt/docker/redis/data:/data  \
 -d redis redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf \
 --appendonly yes  


--restart=alway    -- 总是开机启动
 --appendonly yes  -- 开启redis持久化

安装mysql

1、拉去镜像

docker pull mysql:5.7

2、创建挂载目录

mkdir -p /opt/docker/mysql/logs        
mkdir -p /opt/docker/mysql/data
mkdir -p /opt/docker/mysql/conf

3、启动容器

docker run 
--restart=always \
-p 3306:3306 --name mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=密码 \
-d mysql:5.7

4、进入mysql容器

docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

5、登入mysql

mysql -u root -p

6、检查是否给root用户授权了远程访问

> use mysql;
> select  User,authentication_string,Host from user;

-- 如果未开启远程访问
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '密码'  ;

-- 刷新权限
flush privileges;       

 7、重启mysql容器

docker restart mysql

8、这样安装完mysql会有个坑，查看mysql字符集，都是latin1

show variables like 'character%';

mysql> show variables like '%charac%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                            |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                             |
| character_set_database   | latin1                                                     |
| character_set_filesystem | latin1                                                     |
| character_set_results    | latin1                                                     |
| character_set_server     | latin1                           |
| character_set_system     |latin1                                                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

需要设置成utf8

修改my.cnf

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

重启mysql容器，再查看字符集编码，就没问题了

mysql8

docker run -p 33063:3306 --name mysql --privileged=true --restart unless-stopped -v /mnt/docker/mysql8.0.20/mysql:/etc/mysql -v /mnt/docker/mysql8.0.20/logs:/logs -v /mnt/docker/mysql8.0.20/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /home/mysql/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=xxxx -d mysql:8.0.20 --lower-case-table-names=1

安装minio

全网最细Docker安装Minio，填满最新版大坑（强烈推荐收藏） - 掘金

安装nacos

1、拉去镜像

docker pull nacos/nacos-server

2、创建本地的映射文件

mkdir -p /root/nacos/conf /root/nacos/logs
touch /root/nacos/conf/application.properties

3、创建容器并启动

docker run --name nacos-standalone -e MODE=standalone -v /path/application.properties:/root/nacos/conf/application.properties -p 8848:8848 -d -p 9848:9848  nacos/nacos-server

4、验证

127.0.0.1:8848/nacos

nacos/nacos

windows docker 

docker run --name redis -p 6379:6379 -v /D/docker/redis/conf/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf -v /D/docker/redis/data:/data/ -d redis:latest redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf


docker run    -p 80:80 --name nginx -v /D/docker/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /D/docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d -v /D/docker/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /D/docker/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -d nginx
 

 
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf D:\docker\nginx\conf/nginx.conf
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d D:\docker\nginx
docker cp nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html D:\docker\nginx
docker cp nginx:/var/log/nginx D:\docker\nginx\logs


docker run --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300  -e "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m" -v /D/docker/elasticsearch/service/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data  -v /D/docker/elasticsearch/service/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml -v /D/docker/elasticsearch/service/config/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins -d elasticsearch:7.9.3
                        
D:\docker\elasticsearch\service


docker run -p 8848:8848 --name nacos -e MODE=standalone -d nacos/nacos-server:v2.0.3

docker cp nacos:/home/nacos/logs/ D:\docker\nacos
docker cp nacos:/home/nacos/conf/ D:\docker\nacos

docker run -d -e MODE=standalone -v /D/docker/nacos/logs:/home/nacos/logs -v /D/docker/nacos/conf:/home/nacos/conf -p 8848:8848 --name nacos --restart=always nacos/nacos-server:v2.0.3