C++ std::mem_fn使用示例

本文通过C++代码示例介绍了如何使用标准库中的功能来操作字符串,包括使用`for_each`算法配合成员函数指针和`bind`来处理字符串集合。展示了如何将每个字符串分为两部分并截取子串。


#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <thread>
#include <cassert>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>

using namespace std;
using namespace std::placeholders;

void hello(const string& s){
    cout << s << endl;
}

struct String{
    string s;

    String(const string& s):s(s){}
    String(const char* s):s(s){}

    void sub(int pos){
        s = s.substr(pos);
    }

    void half(){
        s = s.substr(0, s.length()/2);
    }

    friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const String& str){
        return out << str.s;
    }
};

int main(){
    vector<String> strs{"helloworld", "123321", "http"};

    for_each(strs.begin(), strs.end(), mem_fn(&String::half));
    for(auto& str : strs){
        cout << str << endl;
    }

    cout << endl;

    // 需要有参数传递的时候可以用 bind
    for_each(strs.begin(), strs.end(), bind(&String::sub, _1, 1));
    for(auto& str : strs){
        cout << str << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

输出结果:


#0 size (this=<optimized out>) at /home/shanchun/Desktop/arm-toolchain4.8-src-20160422/script/build/build_gcc2/build/arm-nuvoton-linux-uclibceabi/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.h:716 #1 std::string::compare (this=<optimized out>, __s=0x11976c "mqtt") at /home/shanchun/Desktop/arm-toolchain4.8-src-20160422/script/build/build_gcc2/build/arm-nuvoton-linux-uclibceabi/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.tcc:952 #2 0x00012850 in bool std::operator==<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, char const*) () #3 0x0003fd20 in GatewayManager::createProcessors(std::vector<GatewayConfig, std::allocator<GatewayConfig> > const&)::{lambda(std::string const&, std::string const&)#1}::operator()(std::string const&, std::string const&) const () #4 0x00041220 in std::_Function_handler<void (std::string const&, std::string const&), GatewayManager::createProcessors(std::vector<GatewayConfig, std::allocator<GatewayConfig> > const&)::{lambda(std::string const&, std::string const&)#1}>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, std::string const&, std::string const&) () #5 0x000457e4 in std::function<void (std::string const&, std::string const&---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---c )>::operator()(std::string const&, std::string const&) const () #6 0x0003cf7c in ModbusTCPInput::pollData()::{lambda(bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char)#1}::operator()(bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char) const () #7 0x00040c54 in std::_Function_handler<void (bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char), ModbusTCPInput::pollData()::{lambda(bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char)#1}>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char) () #8 0x0005c774 in std::function<void (bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char)>::operator()(bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char) const () #9 0x00059f34 in ModbusClient::readHoldingRegisters(unsigned short, unsigned short, std::function<void (bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char)>)::{lambda(std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> > const&)#1}::operator()(std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> > const&) const () #10 0x0005b400 in std::_Function_handler<void (std::vector<unsigned char, st---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---c d::allocator<unsigned char> > const&), ModbusClient::readHoldingRegisters(unsigned short, unsigned short, std::function<void (bool, std::vector<unsigned short, std::allocator<unsigned short> > const&, unsigned char)>)::{lambda(std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> > const&)#1}>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> > const&) () #11 0x00061864 in std::function<void (std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> > const&)>::operator()(std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> > const&) const () #12 0x00065a5c in ModbusTCPClient::processReceivedData() () #13 0x00069bc4 in void std::_Mem_fn<void (ModbusTCPClient::*)()>::operator()<, void>(ModbusTCPClient*) const () #14 0x00069af0 in void std::_Bind_simple<std::_Mem_fn<void (ModbusTCPClient::*)()> (ModbusTCPClient*)>::_M_invoke<0u>(std::_Index_tuple<0u>) () #15 0x00069994 in std::_Bind_simple<std::_Mem_fn<void (ModbusTCPClient::*)()> (ModbusTCPClient*)>::operator()() () #16 0x00069920 in std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<std::_Mem_fn<void (ModbusTCPClient::*)()> (ModbusTCPClient*)> >::_M_run() () #17 0x000ffbd4 in std::(anonymous namespace)::execute_native_thread_routine (__p=<optimized out>) at ../../../../../libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/thread.cc:84 ---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---c #18 0xb6fd13fc in ?? ()
09-26
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