- // DEMO4_4.CPP - Ellipse Animation Demo
- // INCLUDES ///////////////////////////////////////////////
- #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // just say no to MFC
- #include <windows.h> // include all the windows headers
- #include <windowsx.h> // include useful macros
- #include <mmsystem.h> // very important and include WINMM.LIB too!
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <math.h>
- // DEFINES ////////////////////////////////////////////////
- // defines for windows
- #define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1"
- #define WINDOW_WIDTH 400
- #define WINDOW_HEIGHT 300
- // MACROS /////////////////////////////////////////////////
- #define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
- #define KEYUP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
- // GLOBALS ////////////////////////////////////////////////
- HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // globally track main window
- HINSTANCE hinstance_app = NULL; // globally track hinstance
- char buffer[80]; // general printing buffer
- // FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////
- LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd,
- UINT msg,
- WPARAM wparam,
- LPARAM lparam)
- {
- // this is the main message handler of the system
- PAINTSTRUCT ps; // used in WM_PAINT
- HDC hdc; // handle to a device context
- char buffer[80]; // used to print strings
- // what is the message
- switch(msg)
- {
- case WM_CREATE:
- {
- // do initialization stuff here
- // return success
- return(0);
- } break;
- case WM_PAINT:
- {
- // simply validate the window
- hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
- // end painting
- EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
- // return success
- return(0);
- } break;
- case WM_DESTROY:
- {
- // kill the application, this sends a WM_QUIT message
- PostQuitMessage(0);
- // return success
- return(0);
- } break;
- default:break;
- } // end switch
- // process any messages that we didn't take care of
- return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam));
- } // end WinProc
- // WINMAIN ////////////////////////////////////////////////
- int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hinstance,
- HINSTANCE hprevinstance,
- LPSTR lpcmdline,
- int ncmdshow)
- {
- WNDCLASSEX winclass; // this will hold the class we create
- HWND hwnd; // generic window handle
- MSG msg; // generic message
- HDC hdc; // graphics device context
- // first fill in the window class stucture
- winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
- winclass.style = CS_DBLCLKS | CS_OWNDC |
- CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
- winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
- winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
- winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
- winclass.hInstance = hinstance;
- winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
- winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
- winclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
- winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
- winclass.lpszClassName = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
- winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
- // save hinstance in global
- hinstance_app = hinstance;
- // register the window class
- if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))
- return(0);
- // create the window
- if (!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, // extended style
- WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, // class
- "Ellipse Animation Demo", // title
- WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
- 0,0, // initial x,y
- WINDOW_WIDTH, // initial width
- WINDOW_HEIGHT,// initial height
- NULL, // handle to parent
- NULL, // handle to menu
- hinstance,// instance of this application
- NULL))) // extra creation parms
- return(0);
- // save main window handle
- main_window_handle = hwnd;
- // get the graphics device context once this time and keep it
- // this is possible due to the CS_OWNDC flag
- hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
- // seed random number generator
- srand(GetTickCount());
- // create the pens and brushes
- HPEN white_pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(255,255,255));
- HPEN black_pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(0,0,0));
- HBRUSH green_brush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0));
- HBRUSH black_brush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,0));
- // starting position of ball
- int ball_x = WINDOW_WIDTH/2;
- int ball_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT/2;
- // initial velocity of ball
- int xv = -4+rand()%8;
- int yv = -4+rand()%8;
- // enter main event loop, but this time we use PeekMessage()
- // instead of GetMessage() to retrieve messages
- while(TRUE)
- {
- // test if there is a message in queue, if so get it
- if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
- {
- // test if this is a quit
- if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
- break;
- // translate any accelerator keys
- TranslateMessage(&msg);
- // send the message to the window proc
- DispatchMessage(&msg);
- } // end if
- // ERASE the last position of the ball
- // first select the black pen and brush into context
- SelectObject(hdc, black_pen);
- SelectObject(hdc, black_brush);
- // draw the ball
- Ellipse(hdc, ball_x, ball_y, ball_x + 32, ball_y + 32);
- // MOVE the ball
- ball_x+=xv;
- ball_y+=yv;
- // test for collisions, first x-axis
- if (ball_x < 0 || ball_x > WINDOW_WIDTH - 32)
- {
- // invert x-velocity of ball
- xv=-xv;
- // push ball back
- ball_x+=xv;
- } // end if
- else
- // test for y-axis collisions
- if (ball_y < 0 || ball_y > WINDOW_HEIGHT - 32)
- {
- // invert y-velocity of ball
- yv=-yv;
- // push ball back
- ball_y+=yv;
- } // end if
- // now select the green and white colors for brush and pen
- SelectObject(hdc, white_pen);
- SelectObject(hdc, green_brush);
- // DRAW the ball
- Ellipse(hdc, ball_x, ball_y, ball_x + 32, ball_y + 32);
- // main game processing goes here
- if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
- SendMessage(hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0,0);
- // slow system down a little
- Sleep(10);
- } // end while
- // delete all the objects
- DeleteObject(white_pen);
- DeleteObject(black_pen);
- DeleteObject(green_brush);
- DeleteObject(black_brush);
- // release the device context
- ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
- // return to Windows like this
- return(msg.wParam);
- } // end WinMain
- ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
这个程序已经初见游戏的端倪了.
SelectObject(hdc, black_pen);
SelectObject(hdc, black_brush);
// draw the ball
Ellipse(hdc, ball_x, ball_y, ball_x + 32, ball_y + 32);
// MOVE the ball
ball_x+=xv;
ball_y+=yv;
// test for collisions, first x-axis
if (ball_x < 0 || ball_x > WINDOW_WIDTH - 32)
{
// invert x-velocity of ball
xv=-xv;
// push ball back
ball_x+=xv;
} // end if
else
// test for y-axis collisions
if (ball_y < 0 || ball_y > WINDOW_HEIGHT - 32)
{
// invert y-velocity of ball
yv=-yv;
// push ball back
ball_y+=yv;
} // end if
// now select the green and white colors for brush and pen
SelectObject(hdc, white_pen);
SelectObject(hdc, green_brush);
// DRAW the ball
Ellipse(hdc, ball_x, ball_y, ball_x + 32, ball_y + 32);
// main game processing goes here
if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
SendMessage(hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0,0);
// slow system down