prometheus

安装prometheus和grafana

安装prometheus
官网下载https://prometheus.io/download/

下载 Prometheus 二进制文件：
首先，访问 Prometheus 官方下载页面 并找到适合你操作系统的二进制文件链接。你也可以使用 wget 命令直接下载。

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.45.5/prometheus-2.45.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
解压文件：
下载完成后，解压 tar.gz 文件。

tar xvfz prometheus-2.45.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
移动文件：
解压后会生成一个目录，包含 Prometheus 的二进制文件和配置文件。将这些文件移动到适当的位置，例如 /usr/local/bin。

cd prometheus-2.45.5.linux-amd64

mv prometheus /usr/local/bin/
mv promtool /usr/local/bin/
mv consoles /etc/prometheus/
mv console_libraries /etc/prometheus/

将默认的 prometheus.yml 配置文件复制到 /etc/prometheus 目录，并根据需要进行编辑。
cp prometheus.yml /etc/prometheus/



创建 Systemd 服务文件：
为了方便管理 Prometheus，可以创建一个 Systemd 服务文件。


vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
在文件中添加以下内容：

[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/prometheus \
    --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
    --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus/ \
    --web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles \
    --web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target






启动 Prometheus：
重新加载 systemd 配置并启动 Prometheus 服务。

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start prometheus
systemctl enable prometheus

状态检查
systemctl status prometheus

重启
systemctl restart prometheus

IP:9090

安装grafana
apt install -y adduser libfontconfig1
wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise_9.0.7_amd64.deb
dpkg -i grafana-enterprise_9.0.7_amd64.deb

systemctl start grafana-server
systemctl enable grafana-server


重启
systemctl restart grafana-server

IP:3000

/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

global:                 # 全局
  scrape_interval: 20s        # 每隔20S采集一次数据
  evaluation_interval: 15s    # 每隔15S对采集的数据进行计算分析
  
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
    - static_configs:
        - targets: ["IP:9093"]   # 关联alertmanagers告警通知服务
          # - alertmanager:9093


scrape_configs:
  - job_name: "prometheus"
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["localhost:9090"]     
      
  - job_name: "lnuix"               
    scrape_interval: 10s        # Prometheus 将每隔 10 秒从终端点抓取数据
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 170.10.247.24:9100
        labels:
          biaoqian: srs服务器   # 标签根据实际更改 例：监控172.30.247.24:9100 告警显示lnuix srs服务器
      - targets:
        - 170.10.240.118:9100
        labels:
          biaoqian: prom    

  - job_name: "windwos"
    scrape_interval: 10s       
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 170.10.247.24:9182
        labels:
          biaoqian: MDT服务器    
      - targets:
        - 170.10.240.118:9182
        labels:
          biaoqian: osb           
# 实现URL监控
  - job_name: 'http'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - qq.com
        labels:
          biaoqian: qq官网           # 标签根据实际更改 
      - targets:
        - www.baidu.com
        labels:
          biaoqian: 百度官网           # 标签根据实际更改
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]    # 将原本的__address__标签作为源标签，转接到__param_target标签上。
        target_label: __param_target 
      - source_labels: [__param_target]   # 将__param_target标签作为源标签，转接到instance标签上，这样instance标签就可以显示监控目标的名称。
        target_label: instance    
      - target_label: __address__   # 将__address__标签替换为指定的blackbox_exporter服务器地址，这个服务器地址就是被监控的目标，在这个地址上安装了blackbox_exporter插件
        replacement: 170.10.240.118:9115   # 指定blackbox_exporter服务器地址
# icmp 检测
  - job_name: 'ping'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 8.8.8.8
        labels:
          biaoqian: 移动dns      
      - targets:
        - 114.114.114.114
        labels:
          biaoqian: 电信dns         
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 170.10.247.24:9115
# 端口监控
  - job_name: 'port'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
      - targets: 
        - 170.10.240.118:9090
        labels:
          biaoqian: prom端口        
       - targets: 
        - 170.10.240.118:8080
        labels:
          biaoqian: srs端口        
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 170.10.240.118:9115
  - job_name: 'snmp'
    scrape_interval: 30s 
    metrics_path: /snmp
    params:
      module: [if_mib]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
          - 170.10.24.241
        labels:
          biaoqian: 主核心交换机  
      - targets:
          - 170.10.24.242
        labels:
          biaoqian: 备核心交换机  
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 170.10.240.118:9116

node_export 部署在被监控的服务器上

windows方案
官网下载windows_exporter.exe
http://github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/releases
windows_exporter.exe 文件 C盘根目录下
以管理员的方式打开CMD
sc create windows_exporter binpath= "C:\windows_exporter-0.22.0-amd64.exe" type= own start= auto displayname= windows_exporter
防火墙放行9182端口
通过地址访问是否正常访问 地址：服务器ip:9182

lnuix方案
安装node_export
官网下载
https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases

cd opt
下载
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.8.1/node_exporter-1.8.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
解压 
tar zxvf node_exporter-1.8.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz 

开放9100端口

使用systemd进行管理blackbox_exporter服务
vim /etc/systemd/system/node_exporter.service

#添加如下内容
[Unit]
Description=Node Exporter
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/node_exporter-1.6.0.linux-amd64/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

生效系统systemd文件
systemctl daemon-reload
启动
systemctl start node_exporter
开机启动
systemctl enable node_exporter
停止
systemctl stop node_exporter

通过地址访问是否正常访问 地址：部署在被监控的服务器ip:9100
开放9100端口

blackbox-export 可以在任何主机上安装

官网
https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases
下载

解压
tar xzf blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

使用systemd进行管理blackbox_exporter服务
vim /etc/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service

#添加如下内容
[Unit]
Description=Blackbox Exporter
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
User=root
ExecStart=/opt/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64/blackbox_exporter --config.file=/opt/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64/blackbox.yml
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

生效系统systemd文件
systemctl daemon-reload
启动
systemctl start blackbox_exporter
添加开机自启动
systemctl enable blackbox_exporter
停止
systemctl stop blackbox_exporter

通过地址访问是否正常访问 地址：部署的服务器ip:9115