http://wenku.baidu.com/view/ee82392e4b73f242326c5f00.html
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OpenStack Folsom 双网卡快速安装指南
关键字: 多节点安装，双网卡，Multi node OpenStack, Folsom, Quantum, Nova, Keystone, Glance, Horizon, Cinder, OpenVSwitch, KVM, Ubuntu Server 12.10 (64 bits).
作者
梁小白 <11315889@qq.com>
0. 前言
Openstack Folsom 发布好久了，但由于新的组件Quantum的加入，以及知识的跨度，比如同时需要系统管理及网络工程方面的知识，所以Folsom的安装还是挺费事的。 经过几天的测试，参考各种文档，终于完成了Folsom基于双网卡的安装，总结至此。
1. 需求说明
| 节点名称: | NICs |
|---|---|
| 控制节点: | eth0 (100.10.10.51), eth1 (192.168.100.51) |
| 网络节点: | eth0 (100.10.10.52), eth2 (0.0.0.0) |
| 计算节点: | eth0 (100.10.10.53) |
**备注 1: ** 本文为双网卡安装Folsom设计,根据官方说明，网络节点最好采用三块网卡控制节点可以和计算节点合二为一.
备注 2： 本文安装指南环境为实现Folsom功能评估，力求简单方便，安全性差，不可用于生产环境。
**备注 3: ** 本文不适用于虚拟机环境.请使用物理计算机安装.
2. 控制节点
2.1. 准备系统
-
安装系统注意事项:
- ubuntu-12.10-server-amd64.iso - 为Cinder服务预留独立分区 例如: /dev/sda5 - 提前定义好各服务器主机名及ＩＰ，尽量别改，一定要改，请修改/etc/hosts中的对应关系
-
以下所有命令均在root权限下完成，所以在装好ubuntu后，请切换到root:
sudo passwd su
-
更新系统(依据笔者经验，安装完Folsom环境后最好别再使用dist-upgrade,以免产生些许小问题，如虚拟机获得不了ip等..):
apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get dist-upgrade
-
因为要更新和下载的软件比较多，可以在空闲时间一次更新系统并提前安装所需要软件，以后只需要配置就行了:
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get update -y && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y rabbitmq-server ntp vlan bridge-utils keystone curl openssl glance quantum-server quantum-plugin-openvswitch nova-api nova-cert novnc nova-consoleauth nova-scheduler nova-novncproxy cinder-api cinder-scheduler cinder-volume iscsitarget open-iscsi iscsitarget-dkms openstack-dashboard memcached python-mysqldb mysql-server
2.2.配置网卡
-
主控应该有一个外网网卡:
#访问Openstack ＡＰＩ auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.100.51 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.100.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 #管理网络和虚拟机网络合二为一 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 100.10.10.51 netmask 255.255.255.0
-
重启网络服务:
service networking restart
2.3. MySQL & RabbitMQ
-
安装 MySQL 和 RabbitMQ:
apt-get install mysql-server python-mysqldb rabbitmq-server
-
配置Mysql监听所有地址:
sed -i 's/127.0.0.1/0.0.0.0/g' /etc/mysql/my.cnf service mysql restart
-
为了简化安装，以后所有连接mysql服务均使用 root:password登录,将root权限更改为所有主机可以访问(默认只能本机访问)
mysql -uroot -ppassword use mysql; update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost'; flush privileges;
-
创建所有必须的数据库:
create database keystone; create database nova; create database glance; create database cinder; create database quantum;
2.4. 节点时间同步
-
安装时间服务器,其它节点时间同此服务器同步:
apt-get install ntp sed -i 's/server ntp.ubuntu.com/server ntp.ubuntu.com\nserver 127.127.1.0\nfudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10/g' /etc/ntp.conf service ntp restart
2.5. Others
-
安装其它服务:
apt-get install vlan bridge-utils
-
允许IP转发:
vi /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0 sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 # 检查一下 sysctl -p
2.6. Keystone
-
安装组件:
apt-get install keystone
-
编辑 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 数据库连接:
connection = mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/keystone
-
重启keystone并初始化数据库:
service keystone restart keystone-manage db_sync
-
使用 自动化脚本 创建keystone用户、服务、服务端点。为了简化，这里只创建admin一个用户，请不要修改此用户密码。
bash keystone_basic.sh 执行一次，否则会创建多个service bash keystone_endpoints_basic.sh
-
创建/root/novarc文件，写入以下内容:
export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin export OS_TENANT_ID=c7fb80d964a24ab1bc0fd370696c804e export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=password export OS_AUTH_URL="http://127.0.0.1:35357/v2.0" export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=2.0 export SERVICE_TOKEN=ADMIN export SERVICE_ENDPOINT="http://127.0.0.1:35357/v2.0" 各项值请根据实际情况替换 keystone tenant-list 将获取的tenant_id替换到novarc source /root/novarc echo "source /root/novarc" >> ~/.bashrc
2.7. Glance
-
安装组件
apt-get install glance
-
分别修改 /etc/glance/glance-api-paste.ini 和/etc/glance/glance-registry-paste.ini:
[filter:authtoken] paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory auth_host = 100.10.10.51 auth_port = 35357 auth_protocol = http admin_tenant_name = admin admin_user = admin admin_password = password
-
分别修改 /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 和/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
sql_connection = mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/glance [paste_deploy] flavor = keystone
-
重启glance服务并同步glance数据库:
service glance-api restart; service glance-registry restart glance-manage db_sync
-
测试glance 服务，不输出任何结果代表成功:
glance index
-
上传个镜像:
wget https://launchpad.net/cirros/trunk/0.3.0/+download/cirros-0.3.0-x86_64-disk.img glance image-create --name myFirstImage --is-public true --container-format bare \ --disk-format qcow2 < cirros-0.3.0-x86_64-disk.img
-
再查看一下:
glance image-list
2.8. Quantum
-
安装组件:
apt-get install quantum-server quantum-plugin-openvswitch
-
修改 /etc/quantum/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_quantum_plugin.ini,移动后文件最后，有模板:
[DATABASE] sql_connection = mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/quantum #Under the OVS section [OVS] tenant_network_type = gre tunnel_id_ranges = 1:1000 enable_tunneling = True
-
修改 /etc/quantum/api-paste.ini
[filter:authtoken] paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory auth_host = 100.10.10.51 auth_port = 35357 auth_protocol = http admin_tenant_name = admin admin_user = admin admin_password = password
-
重启 quantum server:
service quantum-server restart
2.9. Nova
-
安装组件:
apt-get install -y nova-api nova-cert novnc nova-consoleauth nova-scheduler nova-novncproxy
-
修改 /etc/nova/api-paste.ini
[filter:authtoken] paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory auth_host = 100.10.10.51 auth_port = 35357 auth_protocol = http admin_tenant_name = admin admin_user = admin admin_password = password signing_dirname = /tmp/keystone-signing-nova
-
Modify the /etc/nova/nova.conf like this:
[DEFAULT] logdir=/var/log/nova state_path=/var/lib/nova lock_path=/run/lock/nova verbose=True api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.simple.SimpleScheduler s3_host=100.10.10.51 ec2_host=100.10.10.51 ec2_dmz_host=100.10.10.51 rabbit_host=100.10.10.51 cc_host=100.10.10.51 dmz_cidr=169.254.169.254/32 metadata_host=100.10.10.51 metadata_listen=0.0.0.0 nova_url=http://100.10.10.51:8774/v1.1/ sql_connection=mysql://novaUser:novaPass@100.10.10.51/nova ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:8773/services/Cloud root_helper=sudo nova-rootwrap /etc/nova/rootwrap.conf # Auth use_deprecated_auth=false auth_strategy=keystone keystone_ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:5000/v2.0/ec2tokens # Imaging service glance_api_servers=100.10.10.51:9292 image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService # Vnc configuration novnc_enabled=true novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.100.51:6080/vnc_auto.html novncproxy_port=6080 vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.100.51 vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0 # Network settings network_api_class=nova.network.quantumv2.api.API quantum_url=http://100.10.10.51:9696 quantum_auth_strategy=keystone quantum_admin_tenant_name=admin quantum_admin_username=admin quantum_admin_password=password quantum_admin_auth_url=http://100.10.10.51:35357/v2.0 libvirt_vif_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver linuxnet_interface_driver=nova.network.linux_net.LinuxOVSInterfaceDriver firewall_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver # Compute # compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver # Cinder # volume_api_class=nova.volume.cinder.API osapi_volume_listen_port=5900
-
初始化nova数据库:
nova-manage db sync
-
重启所有nova服务:
cd /etc/init.d/; for i in $( ls nova-* ); do sudo service $i restart; done
-
检查nova服务，有笑脸图标，证明服务正常:
nova-manage service list Binary Host Zone Status State Updated_At nova-cert sm1u07 nova enabled :-) 2013-03-15 12:08:31 nova-consoleauth sm1u07 nova enabled :-) 2013-03-15 12:08:30 nova-scheduler sm1u07 nova enabled :-) 2013-03-15 12:08:30
2.10. Cinder
-
安装组件:
apt-get install cinder-api cinder-scheduler cinder-volume iscsitarget open-iscsi iscsitarget-dkms
-
打开iscsi服务:
sed -i 's/false/true/g' /etc/default/iscsitarget service iscsitarget start service open-iscsi start
-
修改 /etc/cinder/api-paste.ini 认证信息:
[filter:authtoken] paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory service_protocol = http service_host = 100.10.10.51 service_port = 5000 auth_host = 100.10.10.51 auth_port = 35357 auth_protocol = http admin_tenant_name = admin admin_user = password admin_password = password
-
修改the /etc/cinder/cinder.conf to:
[DEFAULT] rootwrap_config=/etc/cinder/rootwrap.conf sql_connection = mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/cinder api_paste_confg = /etc/cinder/api-paste.ini iscsi_helper=ietadm volume_name_template = volume-%s volume_group = cinder-volumes verbose = True auth_strategy = keystone
-
初始化cinder数据库:
cinder-manage db sync
-
创建cinder使用的物理卷及卷组:
pvcreate /dev/sda5 vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sda5 service cinder-volume restart service cinder-api restart
2.11. 控制面板
-
安装组件
apt-get install openstack-dashboard memcached
-
dashboard依赖apache和memcache:
service apache2 restart; service memcached restart
现在可以访问Dashboard了 http://192.168.100.51/horizon 用户名密码 admin:password.
3. 网络节点
3.1. 准备系统
-
安装ubuntu12.01:
apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get dist-upgrade 快速： apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y ntp vlan bridge-utils openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent quantum-dhcp-agent quantum-l3-agent
-
安装配置基本服务ntp,vlan,bridge-utils:
apt-get install ntp vlan bridge-utils sed -i 's/server ntp.ubuntu.com/server 100.10.10.51/g' /etc/ntp.conf service ntp restart
-
允许ip转发:
vi /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0 sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
3.2.配置网卡
-
网络节点eth1网卡将做为虚拟机与互联网通讯端口，设置网卡为 promisc mode:
#虚拟机外网出口 auto eth1 iface eth1 inet manual up ifconfig $IFACE 0.0.0.0 up up ip link set $IFACE promisc on down ip link set $IFACE promisc off down ifconfig $IFACE down #管理网络及内部通信 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 100.10.10.52 netmask 255.255.255.0
3.3. OpenVSwitch
-
安装虚拟交换机:
apt-get install -y openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms
-
创建网桥:
#br-int is used for VM integration ovs-vsctl add-br br-int #br-ex is used for accessing internet. ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex ovs-vsctl br-set-external-id br-ex bridge-id br-ex ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth1 启动br-ex ip link set br-ex up
3.4. Quantum
-
安装quantum组件:
apt-get -y install quantum-dhcp-agent quantum-l3-agent quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent
-
编辑/etc/quantum/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_quantum_plugin.ini
#Under the database section [DATABASE] sql_connection = mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/quantum #Under the OVS section [OVS] tenant_network_type = gre tunnel_id_ranges = 1:1000 integration_bridge = br-int tunnel_bridge = br-tun local_ip = 100.10.10.52 enable_tunneling = True
-
更新 /etc/quantum/l3_agent.ini:
auth_url = http://100.10.10.51:35357/v2.0 auth_region = RegionOne admin_tenant_name = admin admin_user = admin admin_password = password metadata_ip = 100.10.10.51 metadata_port = 8775 use_namespaces = False
-
修改 /etc/quantum/dhcp_agent.ini:
use_namespaces = False
-
修改/etc/quantum/quantum.conf
rabbit_host = 100.10.10.51
-
重启所有服务:
service quantum-dhcp-agent restart service quantum-l3-agent restart service quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent restart
4. 计算节点
4.1. 准备系统
-
更新升级:
apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get dist-upgrade 快速： apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y ntp vlan bridge-utils cpu-checker kvm libvirt-bin pm-utils openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent nova-compute-kvm
-
安装 ntp vlan bridge-utils:
apt-get install ntp vlan bridge-utils sed -i 's/server ntp.ubuntu.com/server 100.10.10.51/g' /etc/ntp.conf service ntp restart
-
允许ＩＰ转发:
vi /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0 sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
4.2.配置网卡
-
vi /etc/network/interfaces
# 管理网络和内部通讯网络 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 100.10.10.53 netmask 255.255.255.0
4.3 KVM
-
确认硬件支持虚拟化:
apt-get install cpu-checker kvm-ok
-
安装kvm组件:
apt-get install -y kvm libvirt-bin pm-utils
-
编辑libvirt设备列表支持tun /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf:
cgroup_device_acl = [ "/dev/null", "/dev/full", "/dev/zero", "/dev/random", "/dev/urandom", "/dev/ptmx", "/dev/kvm", "/dev/kqemu", "/dev/rtc", "/dev/hpet","/dev/net/tun" ]
-
删除kvm默认网络配置
virsh net-destroy default virsh net-undefine default
-
允许动态迁移
vi /etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf listen_tls = 0 listen_tcp = 1 auth_tcp = "none" vi /etc/init/libvirt-bin.conf env libvirtd_opts="-d -l" vi /etc/default/libvirt-bin libvirtd_opts="-d -l" service libvirt-bin restart
4.4. OpenVSwitch
-
安装 openVSwitch:
apt-get install -y openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms
-
创建网桥 bridges:
#br-int will be used for VM integration ovs-vsctl add-br br-int
4.5. Quantum
-
安装 Quantum openvswitch agent:
apt-get -y install quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent
-
编辑OVS配置 /etc/quantum/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_quantum_plugin.ini:
#Under the database section [DATABASE] sql_connection = mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/quantum #Under the OVS section [OVS] tenant_network_type = gre tunnel_id_ranges = 1:1000 integration_bridge = br-int tunnel_bridge = br-tun local_ip = 100.10.10.53 enable_tunneling = True
-
修改rabbitMQ IP
vi /etc/quantum/quantum.conf rabbit_host = 100.10.10.51
-
重启所有服务:
service quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent restart
4.6. Nova
-
安装nova compute组件:
apt-get install nova-compute-kvm
-
修改 /etc/nova/api-paste.ini:
[filter:authtoken] paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory auth_host = 100.10.10.51 auth_port = 35357 auth_protocol = http admin_tenant_name = admin admin_user = admin admin_password = password signing_dirname = /tmp/keystone-signing-nova
-
编辑 /etc/nova/nova-compute.conf:
[DEFAULT] libvirt_type=kvm libvirt_ovs_bridge=br-int libvirt_vif_type=ethernet libvirt_vif_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=True
-
修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT] logdir=/var/log/nova state_path=/var/lib/nova lock_path=/run/lock/nova verbose=True api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.simple.SimpleScheduler s3_host=100.10.10.51 ec2_host=100.10.10.51 ec2_dmz_host=100.10.10.51 rabbit_host=100.10.10.51 cc_host=100.10.10.51 dmz_cidr=169.254.169.254/32 metadata_host=100.10.10.51 metadata_listen=0.0.0.0 nova_url=http://100.10.10.51:8774/v1.1/ sql_connection=mysql://novaUser:novaPass@100.10.10.51/nova ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:8773/services/Cloud root_helper=sudo nova-rootwrap /etc/nova/rootwrap.conf # Auth use_deprecated_auth=false auth_strategy=keystone keystone_ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:5000/v2.0/ec2tokens # Imaging service glance_api_servers=100.10.10.51:9292 image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService # Vnc configuration novnc_enabled=true novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.100.51:6080/vnc_auto.html novncproxy_port=6080 vncserver_proxyclient_address=100.10.10.53 vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0 # Network settings network_api_class=nova.network.quantumv2.api.API quantum_url=http://100.10.10.51:9696 quantum_auth_strategy=keystone quantum_admin_tenant_name=admin quantum_admin_username=admin quantum_admin_password=password quantum_admin_auth_url=http://100.10.10.51:35357/v2.0 libvirt_vif_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver linuxnet_interface_driver=nova.network.linux_net.LinuxOVSInterfaceDriver firewall_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver # Compute # compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver # Cinder # volume_api_class=nova.volume.cinder.API osapi_volume_listen_port=5900
-
Restart nova-* services:
cd /etc/init.d/; for i in $( ls nova-* ); do sudo service $i restart; done
-
Check for the smiling faces on nova-* services to confirm your installation:
nova-manage service list
5. 创建虚拟机
-
使用 <http://192.168.10.51/horizon> 管理虚拟机
-
编辑安全组，允许所有协议,tcp,udp,icmp
root@sm1u07:~# nova secgroup-list-rules default Please enter password for encrypted keyring:
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
| icmp tcp udp | -1 1 1 | 255 65535 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 |
-
使用脚本 quantum.sh 为admin创建相关的网络，即虚拟机内网和外网
-
查看创建好的网络
root@hp4u:~# quantum net-list
| id | name | subnets |
| 14dbb282-c74a-4784-bfc3-351f7ca3d034 d402e168-cbda-4345-8ffa-015e6a1c4aa1 | ext_net admin-net | 95bddb90-84dc-4579-99b8-798a393a3edf 8ef3c4dd-a265-421c-afa2-6cff28ae2c74 |
root@hp4u:~# quantum router-list
| id | name | external_gateway_info |
| 623b68f4-967a-4028-9a92-dc5a7d3e16e8 | provider-router | {"network_id": "14dbb282-c74a-4784-bfc3-351f7ca3d034"} |
-
修改 /etc/quantum/l3_agent.ini :
gateway_external_network_id = 14dbb282-c74a-4784-bfc3-351f7ca3d034 router_id = 623b68f4-967a-4028-9a92-dc5a7d3e16e8
service quantum-l3-agent restart
-
使用控制面板创建一个虚拟机，并记录vm-uuid，勇冠vm-uuid获取vm的端口id
quantum port-list -- --device_id <vm-uuid>
-
目前horizon不支持quantum的floatingip操作,通过quantum 命令行为vm 分配floatingip,
quantum floatingip-create --port_id <port_id> <ext_net_id>
-
大功告成，现在你可以去dashboard中用vnc登录vm，测试一下各个网络是否通畅
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