udp_ack程序分析

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 16:02:47 发布

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本文档详细介绍了在C++中使用Winsock2库创建UDP服务器端套接字并进行绑定的过程。首先，通过WSAStartup初始化Winsock，然后定义并配置addrinfo结构，接着使用socket和bind函数尝试打开并绑定套接字。如果失败，将显示错误信息，并利用getnameinfo提供详细反馈。

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位置：C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\C++\SocketYzhi\Win_socket\Win_socket

头文件：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* --- DEPENDANCIES --------------------------------------------------------- */

#include<iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include<stdio.h>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")

初始化Winsock

   // Declare and initialize variables

   WSADATA wsaData;
   int iResult;

   // Initialize Winsock
   iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);

   if (iResult != 0) {

       printf("WSAStartup failed: %d/n", iResult);

       return 1;

   }

server socket creation

   /* server socket creation */
   int sock;
   struct addrinfo hints;
   struct addrinfo *result;
   struct addrinfo *q;
   char host_name[64];
   char port_name[64];

memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
   hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
   hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
   hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; /* will assign local IP automatically */

主要程序段：

   /* try to open socket and bind it */
   for (q = result; q != NULL; q = q->ai_next) {

       sock = socket(q->ai_family, q->ai_socktype, q->ai_protocol);
       if (sock == -1) {
           continue; /* socket failed, try next field */
       }
       else {
           i = bind(sock, q->ai_addr, q->ai_addrlen);
           if (i == -1) {
               shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
               continue; /* bind failed, try next field */
           }
           else {
               break; /* success, get out of loop */
           }
       }
   }
   if (q == NULL) {
       printf("ERROR: failed to open socket or to bind to it\n");
       i = 1;
       for (q = result; q != NULL; q = q->ai_next) {
           getnameinfo(q->ai_addr, q->ai_addrlen, host_name, sizeof host_name, port_name, sizeof port_name, NI_NUMERICHOST);
           printf("INFO: result %i host:%s service:%s\n", i, host_name, port_name);
           ++i;
       }
       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
   printf("INFO: util_ack listening on port %s\n", argv[1]);
   freeaddrinfo(result);

typedef struct addrinfo
{
int ai_flags; // AI_PASSIVE, AI_CANONNAME, AI_NUMERICHOST
int ai_family; // PF_xxx
int ai_socktype; // SOCK_xxx
int ai_protocol; // 0 or IPPROTO_xxx for IPv4 and IPv6
size_t ai_addrlen; // Length of ai_addr
char * ai_canonname; // Canonical name for nodename
_Field_size_bytes_(ai_addrlen) struct sockaddr * ai_addr; // Binary address
struct addrinfo * ai_next; // Next structure in linked list
}

参考链接：

主机名、服务与地址的映射——getaddrinfo(),getnameinfo(),gai_strerror() - 码农 - 优快云博客
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/duyiwuer2009/article/details/7875206

POSIX-Data Structure - LubinLew - 博客园
http://www.cnblogs.com/LubinLew/p/POSIX-DataStructure.html#struct_addrinfo

getaddrinfo - LubinLew - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/LubinLew/p/POSIX-getaddrinfo.html