进程间通信

1：socket

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2:使用内存映射文件在进程之间共享数据

创建文件映射

#include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #define BUF_SIZE 256 TCHAR szName[]=TEXT("memorymapfile"); TCHAR szMsg[]=TEXT("Message from first process---Clean Sky test"); int main() { HANDLE hMapFile; LPCTSTR pBuf; hMapFile = CreateFileMapping( INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, // use paging file NULL, // default security PAGE_READWRITE, // read/write access 0, // max. object size BUF_SIZE, // buffer size szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { printf("Could not create file mapping object (%d)./n", GetLastError()); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { printf("Could not map view of file (%d)./n", GetLastError()); return 2; } CopyMemory((PVOID)pBuf, szMsg, strlen(szMsg)); _getch(); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 0; }

使用文件映射

#include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #define BUF_SIZE 256 TCHAR szName[]=TEXT("memorymapfile"); int main() { HANDLE hMapFile; LPCTSTR pBuf; hMapFile = OpenFileMapping( FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write access FALSE, // do not inherit the name szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { printf("Could not open file mapping object (%d)./n", GetLastError()); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { printf("Could not map view of file (%d)./n", GetLastError()); return 2; } MessageBox(NULL, pBuf, TEXT("Process2"), MB_OK); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 0; }

 

3:命名管道

 Multithreaded Pipe Server

#include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <tchar.h> #include <strsafe.h> #define BUFSIZE 4096 DWORD WINAPI InstanceThread(LPVOID); VOID GetAnswerToRequest(LPTSTR, LPTSTR, LPDWORD); int g_nConnection = 0; int _tmain(VOID) { BOOL fConnected; DWORD dwThreadId; HANDLE hPipe, hThread; LPTSTR lpszPipename = TEXT("////.//pipe//mynamedpipe"); // The main loop creates an instance of the named pipe and // then waits for a client to connect to it. When the client // connects, a thread is created to handle communications // with that client, and the loop is repeated. for (;;) { hPipe = CreateNamedPipe( lpszPipename, // pipe name PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX, // read/write access PIPE_TYPE_MESSAGE | // message type pipe PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE | // message-read mode PIPE_WAIT, // blocking mode PIPE_UNLIMITED_INSTANCES, // max. instances BUFSIZE, // output buffer size BUFSIZE, // input buffer size 0, // client time-out NULL); // default security attribute if (hPipe == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { DWORD dwError = ::GetLastError(); printf("CreatePipe failed"); return 0; } // Wait for the client to connect; if it succeeds, // the function returns a nonzero value. If the function // returns zero, GetLastError returns ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED. fConnected = ConnectNamedPipe(hPipe, NULL) ? TRUE : (GetLastError() == ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED); if (fConnected) { ++g_nConnection; printf("server 2 client: the %d client connection/n",g_nConnection); // Create a thread for this client. hThread = CreateThread( NULL, // no security attribute 0, // default stack size InstanceThread, // thread proc (LPVOID) hPipe, // thread parameter 0, // not suspended &dwThreadId); // returns thread ID if (hThread == NULL) { printf("CreateThread failed"); return 0; } else CloseHandle(hThread); } else // The client could not connect, so close the pipe. CloseHandle(hPipe); } return 1; } DWORD WINAPI InstanceThread(LPVOID lpvParam) { TCHAR chRequest[BUFSIZE]; TCHAR chReply[BUFSIZE]; DWORD cbBytesRead, cbReplyBytes, cbWritten; BOOL fSuccess; HANDLE hPipe; // The thread's parameter is a handle to a pipe instance. hPipe = (HANDLE) lpvParam; while (1) { // Read client requests from the pipe. fSuccess = ReadFile( hPipe, // handle to pipe chRequest, // buffer to receive data BUFSIZE*sizeof(TCHAR), // size of buffer &cbBytesRead, // number of bytes read NULL); // not overlapped I/O if (! fSuccess || cbBytesRead == 0) break; GetAnswerToRequest(chRequest, chReply, &cbReplyBytes); // Write the reply to the pipe. fSuccess = WriteFile( hPipe, // handle to pipe chReply, // buffer to write from cbReplyBytes, // number of bytes to write &cbWritten, // number of bytes written NULL); // not overlapped I/O if (! fSuccess || cbReplyBytes != cbWritten) break; } // Flush the pipe to allow the client to read the pipe's contents // before disconnecting. Then disconnect the pipe, and close the // handle to this pipe instance. FlushFileBuffers(hPipe); DisconnectNamedPipe(hPipe); CloseHandle(hPipe); return 1; } VOID GetAnswerToRequest(LPTSTR chRequest, LPTSTR chReply, LPDWORD pchBytes) { TCHAR szBuf[BUFSIZ]; memset(szBuf,0,sizeof(TCHAR)*BUFSIZ); StringCchPrintf(szBuf,sizeof(TCHAR)*BUFSIZ,_T("server' sresponse: your are the %d client/n"),g_nConnection); _tprintf( TEXT("%s/n"), chRequest ); StringCchCopy( chReply, BUFSIZE, szBuf); *pchBytes = (lstrlen(chReply)+1)*sizeof(TCHAR); }

 

Named Pipe Client

#include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <tchar.h> #define BUFSIZE 512 int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR *argv[]) { HANDLE hPipe; LPTSTR lpvMessage=TEXT("Default message from client"); TCHAR chBuf[BUFSIZE]; BOOL fSuccess; DWORD cbRead, cbWritten, dwMode; LPTSTR lpszPipename = TEXT("////.//pipe//mynamedpipe"); lpvMessage = _T("this is test,test by Clean Sky /n"); // Try to open a named pipe; wait for it, if necessary. while (1) { hPipe = CreateFile( lpszPipename, // pipe name GENERIC_READ | // read and write access GENERIC_WRITE, 0, // no sharing NULL, // default security attributes OPEN_EXISTING, // opens existing pipe 0, // default attributes NULL); // no template file // Break if the pipe handle is valid. if (hPipe != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) break; // Exit if an error other than ERROR_PIPE_BUSY occurs. if (GetLastError() != ERROR_PIPE_BUSY) { printf("Could not open pipe"); return 0; } // All pipe instances are busy, so wait for 20 seconds. if (!WaitNamedPipe(lpszPipename, 20000)) { printf("Could not open pipe"); return 0; } } // The pipe connected; change to message-read mode. dwMode = PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE; fSuccess = SetNamedPipeHandleState( hPipe, // pipe handle &dwMode, // new pipe mode NULL, // don't set maximum bytes NULL); // don't set maximum time if (!fSuccess) { printf("SetNamedPipeHandleState failed"); return 0; } // Send a message to the pipe server. fSuccess = WriteFile( hPipe, // pipe handle lpvMessage, // message (lstrlen(lpvMessage)+1)*sizeof(TCHAR), // message length &cbWritten, // bytes written NULL); // not overlapped if (!fSuccess) { printf("WriteFile failed"); return 0; } do { // Read from the pipe. fSuccess = ReadFile( hPipe, // pipe handle chBuf, // buffer to receive reply BUFSIZE*sizeof(TCHAR), // size of buffer &cbRead, // number of bytes read NULL); // not overlapped if (! fSuccess && GetLastError() != ERROR_MORE_DATA) break; _tprintf( TEXT("%s/n"), chBuf ); } while (fSuccess); // repeat loop if ERROR_MORE_DATA getch(); CloseHandle(hPipe); return 0; }