SSM(Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis)框架集由Spring、SpringMVC、Mybatis三个开源框架整合而成,常作为数据源较简单的web项目的框架。
1.三大框架概述
Spring作为一个轻量级的框架,有很多的拓展功能,最主要的我们一般项目使用的就是IOC和AOP。
SpringMVC是Spring实现的一个Web层,属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品。Spring MVC分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色,这种分离让它们更容易进行定制。
Mybatis是一个持久层的框架,使用简单的XML或注解用于配置和原始映射,将接口和Java的POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。
2.SSM框架集搭建过程
一.使用Maven管理项目
【new】→【project】→【maven project】→【webapp】
创建一个名为SSM的maven项目,在工程目录下增加【doc】文件夹,在【src/main】目录下增加【java】文件夹。
二.配置spring
1.添加jar包,配置pom.xml
<!-- 配置一个全局变量,存储spring框架的版本号 -->
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<!-- 添加jar包 -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring框架jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.配置web.xml
<!-- 监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 装配applicationContext配置信息 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
3.配置springIOC容器bean的扫描及数据源的基本配置
(1)applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd ">
<!-- 自动装配 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xtit.ssm.*.dao"></context:component-scan>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xtit.ssm.*.service"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 加载数据库配置 -->
<import resource="applicationContest-db.xml"/>
</beans>
(2)applicationContext-db.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<!-- config/DB.properties配置文件用于存储数据库链接信息 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/DB.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${mysql_driverName}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${mysql_url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${mysql_user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${mysql_passwd}"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
三.配置springMVC
1.在web.xml配置前端控制器
<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<!-- 前端页面→/;后端系统→*.action -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
2.配置springmvc配置文件applicationContext-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd ">
<!-- 配置自动扫描,将所有的Controller扫描到IOC容器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xtit.ssm.*.action"></context:component-scan>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- value的值要与要访问文件所在路径相符 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/views/"></property>
<!-- value的值要与所要访问的文件后缀相同 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 处理静态资源请求,非静态转移至DispatcherServlet -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 提供Controller请求转发,json自动转化等功能 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>
四.配置mybatis
1.添加jar包,配置pom.xml
<!-- jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-mybatie整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
2.配置SqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 二级缓存配置 -->
<settings>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
注意:由于mybaits的二级缓存是mapper范围级别,所以除了在SqlMapConfig.xml设置二级缓存的总开关外,还要在具体的mapper.xml中开启二级缓存。
<!-- 开启本mapper的namespace下的二级缓存 -->
<catch/>
3.在applicationContext-mvc.xml文件中,载入SqlMapConfig.xml
<!-- 配置session工厂bean文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/mybatis/SqlMapConfig.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 将对应的接口的类型改造为MapperFactoryBean -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
<property name="basePackage" value="com.xtit.ssm.*.dao"></property>
</bean>
附.ioc相关配置
以向service层注入dao为例:
1.配置applicationContext-ioc.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd ">
<bean id="stuService" class="com.xtit.ssm.test.service.student.StuService">
<property name="stuDao" ref="stuDao"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
2.在applicationContext.xml文件中载入applicationContext-ioc.xml文件
<import resource="classpath:config/spring/applicationContext-ioc.xml"/>
注意:如果使用ioc手动装配,需要注意将手动装配的javabean文件中相应的注解删除,否则系统会重复创建javabean进而导致BeanCreationException。
五.测试所搭建SSM框架集是否正常
可使用Junit注解完成测试,也可以按完成一个简单的前后台交互过程来完成。
这里使用完成一次简单的前后台信息交互。
测试正常,则SSM框架搭建完毕。