Linux服务器配置（一）

Linux服务器配置（一）

jdk,tomcat,nginx记录

最近公司买了三台服务器System x3650 M5用来跑公司的项目。现，记录一下真机部署与后期维护历程~
因为系统是服务器买来就装好的，所以避免不了有一些不符合应用场景的程序，服务等，首先使用yum grouplist命令来看看当前系统中已经包含哪些东西~

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Group Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Installed Groups:
   Java 平台
   NFS 文件服务器
   Perl 支持
   SNMP 支持
   X 窗口系统
   万维网服务器
   互联网应用程序
   互联网浏览器
   办公套件和生产率
   图形管理工具
   基本
   字体
   安全性工具
   性能工具
   打印客户端
   打印服务器
   拨号网络支持
   服务器平台
   桌面
   桌面平台
   桌面调试和运行工具
   电子邮件服务器
   目录客户端
   硬件监控工具
   继承 UNIX 兼容性
   继承 X Windows 系统的兼容性
   网络基础设施服务器
   网络文件系统客户端
   联网工具
   调试工具
   输入法
   通用桌面
   附加开发

系统默认安装了java平台，看看是不是我们想要的。

[root@hart ~]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_45"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.4.3.3.el6-x86_64 u45-b15)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode)

原来安装的是OpenJDK,好吧。我们自己动手换成我们自己常用的oracle jdk.那么首先我们要将OpenJDK卸载。

[root@hart ~]# rpm -qa | grep jdk
java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.45-2.4.3.3.el6.x86_64
java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.66.1.13.0.el6.x86_64
[root@hart ~]# yum -y remove java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.66.1.13.0.el6.x86_64 java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.45-2.4.3.3.el6.x86_64
....
....
....
Complete!
[root@hart ~]# 

ok 卸载完成。

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

自行下载jdk

[root@hart hart]# tar -zxvf jdk-7u80-linux-x64.gz //解压jdk到当前目录下
[root@hart hart]# mkdir /usr/java
[root@hart hart]# mv jdk1.7.0_80/ /usr/java/jdk1.7
[root@hart jdk1.7]# vi /etc/profile
//在文件最后面添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7/
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME\bin
export CLASSPATH=.
//保存 退出 :wq
[root@hart jdk1.7]# source /etc/profile
[root@hart jdk1.7]# java
[root@hart jdk1.7]# javac
[root@hart jdk1.7]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_80"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_80-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.80-b11, mixed mode)

Ok~JDK安装配置完成。下面安装tomcat

[root@hart tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.69.tar.gz
[root@hart tomcat]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.69.tar.gz 
[root@hart tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.69  apache-tomcat-7.0.69.tar.gz
[root@hart tomcat]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.69 tomcat7.0
[root@hart tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.69.tar.gz  tomcat7.0

配置tomcat

[root@hart tomcat]# cd tomcat7.0/conf/
[root@hart conf]# ls
catalina.policy      context.xml         server.xml        web.xml
catalina.properties  logging.properties  tomcat-users.xml
[root@hart conf]# vi server.xml 
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" />
//port自行修改，最后加上URIEncoding="UTF-8"可以避免地址栏路径中文乱码问题
//在<Host>标签中添加以下代码，可以使tomcat访问虚拟路径
<Context docBase="/usr/filePath" path="/file" />
//此外,在context.xml中配置也可以
[root@hart conf]# vi web.xml 
<servlet>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>debug</param-name>
            <param-value>0</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>listings</param-name>
            <!-- 将false改为true-->
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

Ok,安装nginx

[root@hart nginx]# ls
nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
[root@hart nginx]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz 
[root@hart nginx]# cd nginx-1.8.1
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure 
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure 
checking for OS
 + Linux 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... not found

./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
//没有gcc,安装
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# yum -y install gcc
Complete!
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure 
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
//安装pcre-devel
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# yum install pcre-devel
Total download size: 516 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure 
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
//哎= =！安装zlib-devel
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# yum -install zlib-devel

Total download size: 44 k
Installed size: 115 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure 
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using builtin md5 code
  + sha1 library is not found
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
//终于哦了~~~make
[root@hart nginx-1.8.1]# make install

nginx代理tomcat

//在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf中:
//配置tomcat节点:在http节点内部,server节点外部
    upstream tomcat-servers {
        server ip:tomcatport;
    }
//server节点内部:
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://tomcat-servers;
        proxy_redirect    off;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
    }

只是现在从别的机器还访问不了，怎么办呢？

[root@hart sbin]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables 
//加入以下这条规则
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
[root@hart sbin]# service iptables restart

ok.这样就可以访问啦~~
先这样简单的记录一下步骤。深入的运维管理，让我们一起慢慢学习。