面试常客Handler详细解析(handler基础)

面试常客Handler详细解析(handler基础)(一)

Handler是什么? 
handler是Android给我们提供用来更新UI的一套机制,也是一套消息处理的机制,我们可以用它发送消息,也可以通过它处理消息。 
联系framework可以详细看到。生命周期的改变都是通过handler消息改变的。

为什么要用Handler? 
不用handler更新UI是不行的,Android在设计的时候,就封装了一套消息创建、传递、处理机制,如果不遵循这样的机制,就没有办法更新UI信息的,就会抛出异常信息(不能在非UI线程中更新UI)。

子线程真的不能更新UI吗? 
答案是否定的,下面看贴下自己已经运行通过的代码,用事实例证: 
MainActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tv=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                tv.setText("hi");
            }
        }.start();;

    }
}
  •  
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         />

</RelativeLayout>

运行结果: 
这里写图片描述
事实证明,子线程是可以更新UI的,但是如果子线程先休眠一段时间再去更新就会失败,这个还得从ViewRootImp的创建说起,ViewRootImp是在onResume()中创建的,没有休眠的子线程不会经历onResume()阶段,只有休眠过的子线程才会经历onResume()阶段,才会创建ViewRootImp,才会不能让子线程更新UI。但是我们不建议这么做,我们最好不要在子线程中更新UI。

Handler怎么用? 
handler更新UI: 
既然不能在子线程中更新UI,那我们就只能使用handler来更新UI了,下面配合代码实现: 
MainActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private Handler handler = new Handler();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tv=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
//                  tv.setText("hi");
                    handler.post(new Runnable() {

                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            tv.setText("update...");

                        }
                    });
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }.start();

    }


}

activity_main.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         />

</RelativeLayout>
  •  

通过runnable轮换显示三张照片: 
MainActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.os.Handler; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private TextView tv;
private Handler handler = new Handler();
private ImageView imageView;
private int[] images = {R.drawable.a,R.drawable.b,R.drawable.c};
private int index = 0;

private MyRunnable  runnable =  new MyRunnable();

class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        index++;
        index=index%3;
        imageView.setImageResource(images[index]);
        handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);

    }
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
    imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

    new Thread(runnable).start();//这两句话的作用是一样的
//  handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);//这两句话的作用是一样的,用哪句都一样

// new Thread(){ 
// @Override 
// public void run() { 
// try { 
// Thread.sleep(1000); 
tv.setText(“hi”); 
// handler.post(new Runnable() { 
// 
// @Override 
// public void run() { 
// tv.setText(“update…”); 
// 
// } 
// }); 
// } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
// // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
// e.printStackTrace(); 
// } 
// 
// } 
// }.start();

}
  • 1

}

对应的activity_main.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
        android:text="hello" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="164dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</RelativeLayout>

发送处理消息: 
MainActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            tv.setText(""+msg.arg1);
        };
    };
    private ImageView imageView;
    private int[] images = {R.drawable.a,R.drawable.b,R.drawable.c};
    private int index = 0;

    private MyRunnable  runnable =  new MyRunnable();

    class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            index++;
            index=index%3;
            imageView.setImageResource(images[index]);
            handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);

        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
        imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                super.run();
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2000);
                    Message message = new Message();
                    message.arg1 = 88;
                    handler.sendMessage(message);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }.start();
//       
//      new Thread(runnable).start();



//      new Thread(){
//          @Override
//          public void run() {
//              try {
//                  Thread.sleep(1000);
                    tv.setText("hi");
//                  handler.post(new Runnable() {
//                      
//                      @Override
//                      public void run() {
//                          tv.setText("update...");
//                          
//                      }
//                  });
//              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block
//                  e.printStackTrace();
//              }
//              
//          }
//      }.start();

    }


}

activity_main.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="164dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</RelativeLayout>

传递复杂数据,比如自定义类,通过obj传递: 
MainActivity.java: 
package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.os.Handler; 
import android.os.Message; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private TextView tv;
private Handler handler = new Handler(){
    public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
        tv.setText(""+msg.obj);
    };
};
private ImageView imageView;
private int[] images = {R.drawable.a,R.drawable.b,R.drawable.c};
private int index = 0;

private MyRunnable  runnable =  new MyRunnable();

class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        index++;
        index=index%3;
        imageView.setImageResource(images[index]);
        handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);

    }
}

class Person{
    private int age;
    private String name;
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return "name="+name+" age="+age;
    }
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
    imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

    new Thread(){
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.run();
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                Message message = new Message();
                message.arg1 = 88;
                message.arg2 = 100;
                Person person = new Person();
                person.age = 23;
                person.name = "Joe";
                message.obj= person;
                handler.sendMessage(message);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }.start();

// 
// handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);

// new Thread(){ 
// @Override 
// public void run() { 
// try { 
// Thread.sleep(1000); 
tv.setText(“hi”); 
// handler.post(new Runnable() { 
// 
// @Override 
// public void run() { 
// tv.setText(“update…”); 
// 
// } 
// }); 
// } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
// // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
// e.printStackTrace(); 
// } 
// 
// } 
// }.start();

}
  • 1


对应的布局文件activity_main.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="164dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</RelativeLayout>

消息的移除,当button被按下后,轮询图片的runnable被移除:

MainActivity.java:
package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

    private TextView tv;
    private Button button;
    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            tv.setText(""+msg.obj);
        };
    };

    private ImageView imageView;
    private int[] images = {R.drawable.a,R.drawable.b,R.drawable.c};
    private int index = 0;

    private MyRunnable  runnable =  new MyRunnable();

    //轮询显示三张图片
    class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            index++;
            index=index%3;
            imageView.setImageResource(images[index]);
            handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);

        }
    }
    //自定义类,传递复杂数据类型使用
    class Person{
        private int age;
        private String name;
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return "name="+name+" age="+age;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
        imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                super.run();
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2000);
//                  Message message = new Message();
//                  message.arg1 = 88;
//                  message.arg2 = 100;
                    Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
                    Person person = new Person();
                    person.age = 23;
                    person.name = "Joe";
                    message.obj= person;
//                  handler.sendMessage(message);
                    message.sendToTarget();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }.start();
//       
        handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);



//      new Thread(){
//          @Override
//          public void run() {
//              try {
//                  Thread.sleep(1000);
                    tv.setText("hi");
//                  handler.post(new Runnable() {
//                      
//                      @Override
//                      public void run() {
//                          tv.setText("update...");
//                          
//                      }
//                  });
//              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block
//                  e.printStackTrace();
//              }
//              
//          }
//      }.start();

    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        handler.removeCallbacks(runnable);

    }


}

对应的布局文件:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="164dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/imageView1"
        android:text="Button" />

</RelativeLayout>

消息的截获: 
通过生成handler时,带有一个callback接口,如果返回false,则不截获数据,如果返回true,则将数据截获,看下面的代码,查看按钮按下的toast信息就知道了: 
MainActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Handler.Callback;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

    private TextView tv;
    private Button button;
    private Handler handler = new Handler(new Callback() {

        @Override
        public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), ""+1, 1).show();
            return true;
        }
    }){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), ""+2, 1).show();
        }
    };

    private ImageView imageView;
    private int[] images = {R.drawable.a,R.drawable.b,R.drawable.c};
    private int index = 0;

    private MyRunnable  runnable =  new MyRunnable();

    //轮询显示三张图片
    class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            index++;
            index=index%3;
            imageView.setImageResource(images[index]);
            handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);

        }
    }
    //自定义类,传递复杂数据类型使用
    class Person{
        private int age;
        private String name;
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return "name="+name+" age="+age;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
        imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

//      new Thread(){
//          @Override
//          public void run() {
//              // TODO Auto-generated method stub
//              super.run();
//              try {
//                  Thread.sleep(2000);
                    Message message = new Message();
                    message.arg1 = 88;
                    message.arg2 = 100;
//                  Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
//                  Person person = new Person();
//                  person.age = 23;
//                  person.name = "Joe";
//                  message.obj= person;
                    handler.sendMessage(message);
//                  message.sendToTarget();
//              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block
//                  e.printStackTrace();
//              }
//          }
//          
//      }.start();
//       
//      handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);



//      new Thread(){
//          @Override
//          public void run() {
//              try {
//                  Thread.sleep(1000);
                    tv.setText("hi");
//                  handler.post(new Runnable() {
//                      
//                      @Override
//                      public void run() {
//                          tv.setText("update...");
//                          
//                      }
//                  });
//              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block
//                  e.printStackTrace();
//              }
//              
//          }
//      }.start();

    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
//      handler.removeCallbacks(runnable);
        handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);

    }


}

对应的布局文件activity_main.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.handler.MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="164dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/imageView1"
        android:text="Button" />

</RelativeLayout>

 

面试常客Handler详细解析(Handler与Looper、MessageQueue的关系)(二)

 

Handler与Looper、MessageQueue的关系:

Android为什么要设计只能通过Handler机制更新UI呢? 
最根本的目的就是解决多线程并发问题, 
假设如果在一个activity当中,有多个线程去更新UI,并且都没有加锁机制,那么会产生什么样子的问题? –》 更新界面错乱

如果对更新UI的操作都进行加锁处理的话又会产生什么样子的问题?–》 
性能下降

出于对以上问题的考虑,Android给我们提供了一套更新UI的机制,我们只需要遵循这样的机制就可以了,根本不用去关心多线程问题,所有的更新UI操作,都是在主线程的消息队列当中去轮询处理的。

Handler封装了消息的发送(主要包括消息发送给谁(一般是发送给handler自己)) 
Looper 
内部包含一个消息队列也就是MessageQueue,所有的Handler发送的消息都走向这个消息队列 
Looper.Looper方法,就是一个死循环,不断的从MessageQueue取消息,如果有消息就处理消息,没有消息就阻塞

MessageQueue,就是一个消息队列,可以添加消息,并处理消息

Handler也很简单,内部会跟Looper进行关联,也就是说在Handler的内部可以找Looper,找到Looper,也就找到了MessageQueue,在Handler中发送消息,其实是向MessageQueue队列中发送消息

总结:handler负责发送消息,looper负责接收handler发送的消息,并直接把消息回传给handler自己,MessageQueue就是一个存储消息的容器

Handler的原理是什么? 
图解

 我的Leader(其实是Looper对象)                  我(也就是Handler对象)
                                          ( Handler的sendMessage的操作)
                                           第一步:  我要上厕所

         第二步: 去吧

(Looper.Looper操作,并把消息回传给我)

                                                 第三步:我去上厕所
                                                   (handler的handleMessage方法)

 

面试常客Handler详细解析(自定义与线程相关的Handler)(三)

2016年03月05日 17:09:50 小笨鸟的修炼之路 阅读数:214

自定义与线程相关的Handler: 
下面我们来自定义一些与线程相关的handler,以巩固以上所学,就像上篇文章提到的那样,我们先用handler的sendMessage方法去发送消息,发送到looper以后,looper再将消息回传给handler,再使用handler的handleMessage去处理消息,在主线程中,这些过程都自动创建,我们无须干预,但是在子线程中,这些过程不会自动创建,我们需要手动创建,我们先发送消息,然后需要looper.prepare()准备好looper,在handler处理消息以后,使用looper.loop()去轮询,下面上验证通过的代码: 
SecondActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class SecondActivity extends Activity {

    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            System.out.println("UI---------->"+Thread.currentThread());

        };
    };

    class MyThread extends Thread{
        public Handler handler;
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Looper.prepare();
            handler =new Handler(){
                @Override
                public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                    System.out.println("currentThread:"+Thread.currentThread());
                }
            };
            Looper.loop();
        }
    }


    private MyThread thread;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        TextView tv = new TextView(this);
        tv.setText("hello handler");
        setContentView(tv);

        thread = new MyThread();
        thread.start();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(500);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        thread.handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
        handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);


}
}

 

面试常客Handler详细解析(HandlerThread是什么)(四)

2016年03月05日 17:46:20 小笨鸟的修炼之路 阅读数:205

下面的代码会报异常: 
SecondActivity.java:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class SecondActivity extends Activity {

    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            System.out.println("UI---------->"+Thread.currentThread());

        };
    };

    class MyThread extends Thread{
        public Handler handler;
        public Looper looper;
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Looper.prepare();
            looper=Looper.myLooper();
            handler =new Handler(){
                @Override
                public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                    System.out.println("currentThread:"+Thread.currentThread());
                }
            };
            Looper.loop();
        }
    }


    private MyThread thread;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        TextView tv = new TextView(this);
        tv.setText("hello handler");
        setContentView(tv);

        thread = new MyThread();
        thread.start();
//      try {
//          Thread.sleep(500);
//      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//          // TODO Auto-generated catch block
//          e.printStackTrace();
//      }
//      thread.handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
//      handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);

        handler = new Handler(thread.looper){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                System.out.println(msg);
            }
        };
        handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);


}
}

之所以会报异常的原因是由于多线程并发引起的,我们在子线程中创建的与主线程的looper会出现冲突,而在主线程运行到handler时,handler内部的looper还没有创建,却要从子线程传入一个looper对象,这就是报空指针异常。

针对以上问题,Android提供了HandlerThread来保证handler的正常运行,不会出现空指针异常,HandlerThread内部实现了同步机制,所以可以有效解决以上问题: 
贴出源码:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ThreeActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private HandlerThread thread;
    private Handler handler;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        tv = new TextView(this);
        tv.setText("handler Thread");
        setContentView(tv);
        thread = new HandlerThread("handler thread");
        thread.start();
        handler = new Handler(thread.getLooper()){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                System.out.println("current thread------>"+Thread.currentThread());
            }
        };

        handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
    }
}

面试常客Handler详细解析(主线程与子线程信息交互)(五)

2016年03月05日 18:09:16 小笨鸟的修炼之路 阅读数:131

主要讲解了主线程和子线程的handler的消息发送: 
下面直接上代码:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class FourActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{

    //创建主线程的handler
    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            Message message = new Message();
            System.out.println("main Handler");
            //向子线程发送消息
            threadHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message, 1000);
        };
    };


    private Handler threadHandler;
    private Button btn1,btn2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.four);
        btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        btn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
        btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn2.setOnClickListener(this);

        HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("handlerThread");
        thread.start();
        //创建子线程的handler
        threadHandler = new Handler(thread.getLooper()){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                Message message = new Message();
                System.out.println("thread Handler");
                //向主线程发送消息
                handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, 1000);
            }
        };
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch(v.getId())
        {
        case R.id.button1:
            handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
        break;
        case R.id.button2:
            handler.removeMessages(1);;
            break;
        }

    }

}

[Android]Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()

都是因为在新开的线程中更新UI才出错,子线程中更新主线程UI需要用到Handler. 今天有出现如下错误,代码如下: send.setOnClickListener(new OnClickLi...

 

面试常客Handler详细解析(更新UI的几种方式)(六)

2016年03月07日 09:39:40 小笨鸟的修炼之路 阅读数:179

一共有: 
UI主线程 activityd的runOnUiThread 
handler post 
handler sendMessage 
view post

下面将我自己已经验证成功的代码贴出了,其实这些方法都是殊途同归,都是使用了handler,封装成message进行发送的: 
主程序:

package com.example.handler;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class FiveActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            tv.setText("ok2");
        };
    };

    private void handle1(){
        handler.post(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                tv.setText("ok");

            }
        });
    }

    private void handle2(){
        handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);

    }

    private void updateUI(){
        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                tv.setText("ok3");
            }
        });
    }

    private void viewUI(){
        tv.post(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                tv.setText("ok4");
            }
        });
    }
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.fiva);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

        new Thread(){
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2000);
                    viewUI();

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            };
        }.start();;
    }

}

布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <TextView 
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:textSize="40sp"/>


</LinearLayout>
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值