本文详细介绍了如何在CentOS 7系统上安装MySQL 5.7版本，包括下载安装包、解压、卸载原有数据库、安装必要组件、初始化数据库、设置权限及登录配置等步骤。
Linux安装mysql（mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）
1.下载mysql
官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
2.下载完成后，通过ftp上传到Linux服务器上
（1）创建mysql5.7.23目录
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]#
mkdir
mysql5
.7
.23
-
mysql5
.7
.23
（2）将下载好的安装上传到该目录下
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]#
cd
mysql5
.7
.23
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]#
ls
-
mysql-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm-bundle
.tar
3.解压安装包（mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]#
tar
xvf
mysql-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm-bundle
.tar
-
mysql-community-common-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-libs-compat-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-server-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-devel-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-libs-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-client-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-server-minimal-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-test-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-embedded-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5
.7
.23-1
.el7
.x86_64
.rpm
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]#
4.卸载掉centos7自带的mariadb-lib
方法一：
（1）查询mariadb信息
-
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.
7.23]
# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
-
mariadb-libs-
5.5.
56-
2.el7.x86_64
（2）使用rpe -e命令卸载
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
此方法卸载失败或者报错，请使用方法二
方法二：
使用yum remove 命名进行删除
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.
7.23]
# yum remove mysql-libs
-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
-
正在解决依赖关系
-
--> 正在检查事务
-
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.
1.5.
5.44-
2.el7.centos 将被 删除
-
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.
18()(
64bit)，它被软件包
2:postfix-
2.10.
1-
6.el7.x86_64 需要
-
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.
18(libmysqlclient_18)(
64bit)，它被软件包
2:postfix-
2.10.
1-
6.el7.x86_64 需要
-
--> 正在检查事务
-
---> 软件包 postfix.x86_64.
2.2.
10.1-
6.el7 将被 删除
-
--> 解决依赖关系完成
-
base/
7/x86_64 |
3.6 kB
00:
00:
00
-
extras/
7/x86_64 |
3.4 kB
00:
00:
00
-
updates/
7/x86_64 |
3.4 kB
00:
00:
00
-
依赖关系解决
-
=======================================================================================================================================
-
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
-
=======================================================================================================================================
-
正在删除:
-
mariadb-libs x86_64
1:
5.5.
44-
2.el7.centos @anaconda
4.4 M
-
为依赖而移除:
-
postfix x86_64
2:
2.10.
1-
6.el7 @anaconda
12 M
-
事务概要
-
=======================================================================================================================================
-
移除
1 软件包 (+
1 依赖软件包)
-
安装大小：
17 M
-
是否继续？[
y/N]：y
-
Downloading packages:
-
Running transaction check
-
Running transaction test
-
Transaction test succeeded
-
Running transaction
-
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
-
** 发现 4 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题， 'yum check' 输出如下：
-
icedtea-web-1.6.1-4.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 java-1.8.0-openjdk
-
jline-1.0-8.el7.noarch 有缺少的需求 java >= ('0', '1.5', None)
-
1:libreoffice-core-4.3.7.2-5.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 java-headless >= ('1', '1.6', None)
-
1:libreoffice-ure-4.3.7.2-5.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 libjvm.so()(64bit)
-
正在删除 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 1/2
-
正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 2/
2
-
验证中 :
1:mariadb-libs-
5.5.
44-
2.el7.centos.x86_64
1/
2
-
验证中 :
2:postfix-
2.10.
1-
6.el7.x86_64
2/
2
-
删除:
-
mariadb-libs.x86_64
1:
5.5.
44-
2.el7.centos
-
作为依赖被删除:
-
postfix.x86_64
2:
2.10.
1-
6.el7
-
完毕！
5.安装mysql-server服务，只需要安装如下4个软件包即可，使用rpm -ivh进行安装（按顺序安装，后面的服务依赖前面的服务）
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.
7.23]
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
警告：mysql-community-common-
5.7.
23-
1.el7.x86_64.
rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID
5072
e1f5: NOKEY
-
准备中...
################################# [100%]
-
正在升级/安装...
-
1
:mysql-community-common-
5.7.
23-
1.e
################################# [100%]
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.
7.23]
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
警告：mysql-community-libs-
5.7.
23-
1.el7.x86_64.
rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID
5072
e1f5: NOKEY
-
准备中...
################################# [100%]
-
正在升级/安装...
-
1
:mysql-community-libs-
5.7.
23-
1.el7
################################# [100%]
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.
7.23]
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
警告：mysql-community-client-
5.7.
23-
1.el7.x86_64.
rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID
5072
e1f5: NOKEY
-
准备中...
################################# [100%]
-
正在升级/安装...
-
1
:mysql-community-client-
5.7.
23-
1.e
################################# [100%]
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.
7.23]
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
警告：mysql-community-server-
5.7.
23-
1.el7.x86_64.
rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID
5072
e1f5: NOKEY
-
准备中...
################################# [100%]
-
正在升级/安装...
-
1
:mysql-community-server-
5.7.
23-
1.e
################################# [100%]
6.安装过程中可能出现的问题
-
1).缺少libaio
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5
.7
.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
警告：mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID
5072e1f5: NOKEY
-
错误：依赖检测失败：
-
libaio.so
.1()(
64bit) 被 mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64 需要
-
libaio.so
.1(LIBAIO_0
.1)(
64bit) 被 mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64 需要
-
libaio.so
.1(LIBAIO_0
.4)(
64bit) 被 mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64 需要
-
net-tools 被 mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64 需要
-
解决办法：
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5
.7
.23]# yum install libaio
-
2)缺少net-tools
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5
.7
.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
警告：mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID
5072e1f5: NOKEY
-
错误：依赖检测失败：
-
net-tools 被 mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64 需要
-
解决办法：
-
-
yum install net-tools
-
3）缺少numactl
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5
.7
.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.17
-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
-
报错：warning: mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.9
-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID
5072e1f5: NOKEY
-
error: Failed dependencies:
-
libnuma.so
.1()(
64bit)
is needed by mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.9
-1.el6.x86_64
-
libnuma.so
.1(libnuma_1
.1)(
64bit)
is needed by mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.9
-1.el6.x86_64
-
libnuma.so
.1(libnuma_1
.2)(
64bit)
is needed by mysql-community-
server
-5.7
.9
-1.el6.x86_64
-
-
解决办法：
-
yum install numactl
7.初始化数据库
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# mysqld --initialize #初始化后会在/var/log/mysqld.log生成随机密码
8.修改mysql数据库目录的所属用户及其所属组，然后启动mysql数据库
-
[
root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]
# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R
-
[
root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]
# systemctl start mysqld.service
-
[
root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]
# systemctl status mysqld.service
-
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
-
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
-
Active: active (running) since 一
2018
-08
-06
20:
41:
25 CST;
6s ago
-
Docs: man:mysqld(
8)
-
http:
//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
-
Process:
13031 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/
var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=
0/SUCCESS)
-
Process:
13003 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=
0/SUCCESS)
-
Main PID:
13034 (mysqld)
-
Tasks:
27
-
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
-
└─
13034 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/
var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
-
-
8月
06
20:
41:
22 eric111 systemd[
1]: Starting MySQL Server...
-
8月
06
20:
41:
25 eric111 systemd[
1]: Started MySQL Server.
9.登录mysql，并修改root用户的密码（系统强制要求，否则不能操作mysql）
初始登录密码可在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中找到
-
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5
.7
.23]
# mysql -uroot -p'-4iq<tyjVpLb'
-
mysql: [Warning]
Using a password
on the command line
interface can be insecure.
-
Welcome
to the MySQL monitor. Commands
end
with ;
or \g.
-
Your MySQL connection id
is
2
-
Server version:
5.7
.23
-
-
Copyright (c)
2000,
2018, Oracle
and/
or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-
-
Oracle
is a registered trademark
of Oracle Corporation
and/
or its
-
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks
of their respective
-
owners.
-
-
Type
'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
-
-
mysql>
set password=password(
'password11');
-
Query OK,
0 rows affected,
1 warning (
0.00 sec)
-
-
mysql> show databases;
-
+--------------------+
-
| Database |
-
+--------------------+
-
| information_schema |
-
| mysql |
-
| performance_schema |
-
| sys |
-
+--------------------+
-
4 rows
in
set (
0.00 sec)
10.修改访问权限
目的：任何主机通过用户root和密码password11连接到mysql服务器
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password11' WITH GRANT OPTION;
参考原文：
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/tanjun592/article/details/71797972?locationNum=9&fps=1
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/smiles13/article/details/81460617
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