mysql5.7MHA高可用

yigebantang

已于 2023-11-28 10:05:01 修改

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文章标签： mysql 运维

于 2023-11-28 09:57:25 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/yigebantang/article/details/134660081

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本文详细描述了如何配置MySQL主从关系，包括添加主机到hosts文件、生成SSH密钥对、安装和配置MySQL服务器，以及使用MHA实现高可用性，涉及设置虚拟IP、启动和停止VIP，以及配置和测试MHA的相关脚本和参数。

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配置解析

vim /etc/hosts

192.168.80.127 mysql-master 

192.168.80.128 mysql-slave1

192.168.80.129 mysql-slave2

三台配置互信

ssh-keygen

ssh-copy-id mysql-master

ssh-copy-id mysql-slave1

ssh-copy-id mysql-slave2

安装mysql
安装包：mysql-5.7.43-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/

[root@localhost local]# tar -xvf /root/mysql-5.7.43-el7-x86_64.tar.gz 解压

[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.43-el7-x86_64 mysql

[root@localhost local]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files 创建数据目录

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

[root@localhost local]# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

[root@localhost local]# cd mysql/

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql 初始化

将mysql服务加入开机启动项

[root@localhost mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysql start 启动mysql服务

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -nltp 查看端口



登录mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# cd bin/

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p'kA/VobLh<6wa'

修改mysql密码

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqladmin -uroot -p'kA/VobLh<6wa' password 'Liuge666@'

注：下方四步是为方便登录所做（可以不做）

[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin 添加在最下方

[root@localhost bin]# source /etc/profile

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -p'Liuge666@'

配置主从
主机master

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/

[root@localhost local]# tar -xvf /root/mysql-5.7.43-el7-x86_64.tar.gz 解压

[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.43-el7-x86_64 mysql

[root@localhost local]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files 创建数据目录

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

[root@localhost local]# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

[root@localhost local]# cd mysql/

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql 初始化

将mysql服务加入开机启动项

[root@localhost mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysql start 启动mysql服务

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -nltp 查看端口



登录mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# cd bin/

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p'kA/VobLh<6wa'

修改mysql密码

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqladmin -uroot -p'kA/VobLh<6wa' password 'Liuge666@'

注：下方四步是为方便登录所做（可以不做）

[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin 添加在最下方

[root@localhost bin]# source /etc/profile

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -p'Liuge666@'

MHA高可用

1.所有机器部署node节点
安装包：mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-mha/
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# yum install perl-DBD-MySQL -y  安装依赖
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

2.manager节点
安装包：mha4mysql-manager-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
#安装依赖

[root@localhost mysql-mha]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# yum -y install perl-Config-Tiny perl-Time-HiRes perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Log-Dispatch perl-DBD-MySQL ncftp
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# cp /root/mha4mysql-manager-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm ./
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-manager-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# vim master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all';
 
use Getopt::Long;
 
my (
    $command, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,$ssh_user,
    $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip,$new_master_port,
    $orig_master_ssh_port,$new_master_ssh_port,$new_master_user,$new_master_password
);
 
# 这里定义的虚拟IP配置要注意，这个ip必须要与你自己的集群在同一个网段，否则无效
my $vip = '192.168.96.200/24';
my $key = '1';
# 这里的网卡名称 “ens33” 需要根据你机器的网卡名称进行修改
# 如果多台机器直接的网卡名称不统一，有两种方式，一个是改脚本，二是把网卡名称修改成统一
# 我这边实际情况是修改成统一的网卡名称
my $ssh_start_vip = "sudo /sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key $vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "sudo /sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key down";
my $ssh_Bcast_arp= "sudo /sbin/arping -I bond0 -c 3 -A $vip";

GetOptions(
    'command=s'          => \$command,
    'ssh_user=s'         => \$ssh_user,
    'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,
    'orig_master_ip=s'   => \$orig_master_ip,
    'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,
    'orig_master_ssh_port=i' => \$orig_master_ssh_port,
    'new_master_host=s'  => \$new_master_host,
    'new_master_ip=s'    => \$new_master_ip,
    'new_master_port=i'  => \$new_master_port,
    'new_master_ssh_port' => \$new_master_ssh_port,
    'new_master_user' => \$new_master_user,
    'new_master_password' => \$new_master_password
 
);
 
exit &main();
 
sub main {
    $ssh_user = defined $ssh_user ? $ssh_user : 'root';
    print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_user|$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_user|$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";
 
    if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
 
        my $exit_code = 1;
        eval {
            print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n";
            &stop_vip();
            $exit_code = 0;
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn "Got Error: $@\n";
            exit $exit_code;
        }
        exit $exit_code;
    }
    elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
 
        my $exit_code = 10;
        eval {
            print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n";
            &start_vip();
        &start_arp();
            $exit_code = 0;
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn $@;
            exit $exit_code;
        }
        exit $exit_code;
    }
    elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
        print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
        exit 0;
    }
    else {
        &usage();
        exit 1;
    }
}
 
sub start_vip() {
    `ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
}
sub stop_vip() {
    `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;
}
 
sub start_arp() {
    `ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_Bcast_arp \"`;
}
sub usage {
    print
    "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --ssh_user=user --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n";
}
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# chmod a+x /opt/mysql-mha/master_ip_failover
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql-mha/mha-node
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql-mha/mha
[root@localhost mysql-mha]# vim mysql_mha.cnf
#内容如下:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[server default]
#mha访问数据库的账号与密码
user=mha
password=123456
port=3306
#指定mha的工作目录
manager_workdir=/opt/mysql-mha/mha
#指定管理日志路径
manager_log=/opt/mysql-mha/manager.log
#指定master节点存放binlog的日志文件的目录 log_bin=mysql_bin默认是在/var/lib/mysql
master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql
#指定mha在远程节点上的工作目录
remote_workdir=/opt/mysql-mha/mha-node
#指定主从复制的mysq用户和密码
repl_user=slave
repl_password=123456
#指定检测间隔时间
ping_interval=1
#指定一个脚本，该脚本实现了在主从切换之后，将虚拟ip漂移到新的master上
master_ip_failover_script=/opt/mysql-mha/master_ip_failover
#指定检查的从服务器IP地址.有几个，就用-s选项加几个
secondary_check_script=/usr/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 192.168.96.142 -s 192.168.96.143 -s 192.168.96.144
#用于故障切换的时候发送邮件提醒
#report_script=/data1/mysql-mha/send_mail
[server1]
hostname=192.168.96.136
port=3306
ssh_user=root
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0
[server2]
hostname=192.168.96.142
port=3306
ssh_user=root
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0
[server3]
hostname=192.168.96.143
port=3306
ssh_user=root
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0

3.在master上手动启动虚拟iP

[root@localhost mysql-mha]# /sbin/ifconfig ens33:1 192.168.96.200/24

4.在manager 节点测试ssh 无密认证

[root@localhost mysql-mha]# masterha_check_ssh -conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf

5.在manager节点上测试mysql主从情况

[root@localhost mysql-mha]# masterha_check_repl -conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf

6.在manage上启动mha

[root@localhost mysql-mha]# nohup masterha_manager \

--conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf \

--remove_dead_master_conf \

--ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha_manager.log 2>&1 &

7.查看MHA状态

[root@localhost mysql-mha]# masterha_check_status --conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf