Keepalived+LVS+Httpd高可用实战笔记---多网段

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-20 11:49:17 发布
置顶 最新推荐文章于 2024-12-20 11:49:17 发布
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分类专栏： Linux 环境配置 高可用系统 文章标签： lvs 服务器 linux
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/yidichaxiang/article/details/126952156

Keepalived+LVS+Httpd高可用实战笔记[多网段]

此次试验模拟外部client通过路由gateway访问内部网络的高可用Keepalived+LVS+Httpd服务集群，两套LVS-DR模式下负载均衡同时提供服务。

request
direct
direct
loadbalance
loadbalance
loadbalance
loadbalance
Client
Gateway
Keepalived
Keepalived
httpd
httpd
创建虚拟机
vmcentos[0]=CentOS7X64-client
vmcentos[1]=CentOS7X64-gateway
vmcentos[2]=CentOS7X64-keep01
vmcentos[3]=CentOS7X64-keep02
vmcentos[4]=CentOS7X64-httpd01
vmcentos[5]=CentOS7X64-httpd02


parentPath="/media/WNTime/本地磁盘/VirtualMachine.Spaces"
vmsour="$parentPath/CentOS7X64.Core/CentOS7X64.Core.vmx"
for item in ${vmcentos[*]}; 
do
	vmdest="$parentPath/$item/$item.vmx"
	echo "Clone: $vmdest"
	vmrun -T ws clone $vmsour  $vmdest  full -cloneName=$item
	sleep 5s;
done;
启动虚拟机
parentPath="/media/WNTime/本地磁盘/VirtualMachine.Spaces"
for item in ${vmcentos[*]}; 
do
	vmdest="$parentPath/$item/$item.vmx"
	vmshot=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`
	echo "Start: $vmdest"
	vmrun -T ws start $vmdest
	sleep 5s;
	read -p "按任意键继续..."
done;
挂起虚拟机
parentPath="/media/WNTime/本地磁盘/VirtualMachine.Spaces"
for item in ${vmcentos[*]}; 
do
	vmdest="$parentPath/$item/$item.vmx"
	vmshot=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`
	echo "Suspend: $vmdest"
	vmrun -T ws suspend $vmdest
	sleep 5s;
done;
快照备份
parentPath="/media/WNTime/本地磁盘/VirtualMachine.Spaces"
for item in ${vmcentos[*]}; 
do
	vmdest="$parentPath/$item/$item.vmx"
	vmshot=`date +%Y%m%d`
	echo "Snapshot: $vmdest"
	vmrun -T ws snapshot $vmdest $vmshot
	vmrun -T ws listSnapshots $vmdest
	sleep 5s;
done;
还原虚拟机
parentPath="/media/WNTime/本地磁盘/VirtualMachine.Spaces"
vmshot=`date +%Y%m%d`
for item in ${vmcentos[*]}; 
do
	vmdest="$parentPath/$item/$item.vmx"
	vmshot=`date +%Y%m%d`
	echo "Revert: $vmdest"
	vmrun -T ws revertToSnapshot $vmdest $vmshot
	sleep 5s;
done;
关闭虚拟机
parentPath="/media/WNTime/本地磁盘/VirtualMachine.Spaces"
for item in ${vmcentos[*]}; 
do
	vmdest="$parentPath/$item/$item.vmx"
	vmshot=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`
	echo "Stop: $vmdest"
	vmrun -T ws stop $vmdest
	sleep 5s;
	read -p "按任意键继续..."
done;
实验网络规划
clientgatewayKeepalivedKeepalivedhttpdhttpd
网段clientgatewaykeep-101keep-102httpd-111httpd-112
192.168.86.0
192.168.88.0		192.168.88.16
GW:192.168.88.100		192.168.88.100
192.168.86.200
ens36:133.15.6.200		192.168.86.101
GW:192.168.86.200		192.168.86.102
GW:192.168.86.200		192.168.86.111
GW:192.168.86.200		192.168.86.112
GW:192.168.86.200
VIP1192.168.86.251(MASTER)
lo:133.15.6.251		192.168.86.251(BACKUP)
lo:133.15.6.251		lo:133.15.6.251lo:133.15.6.251
VIP2192.168.86.252(BACKUP)
lo:133.15.6.252		192.168.86.252(MASTER)
lo:133.15.6.252		lo:133.15.6.252lo:133.15.6.252
配置hostname及ipaddress

client

## client
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-en33 
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname client
sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.88.16/g' \
-e 's/^GATEWAY=192.168.86.2/GATEWAY=192.168.88.100/g'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
sudo systemctl restart network

gateway

## gateway
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-en33
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname gateway
sudo cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens36
sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.86.200/g' \
-e '/^GATEWAY/d'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.88.100/g' \
-e '/^GATEWAY=/d'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
-e 's/ens33/ens36/g' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens36
sudo systemctl restart network

# 配置 另外一个Ip 为192.168.88.100

httpd-111

## httpd-111
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-en33
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname httpd-111
sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.86.111/g' \
-e 's/^GATEWAY=192.168.86.2/GATEWAY=192.168.86.200/g'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
sudo systemctl restart network

httpd-112

## httpd-112
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-en33
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname httpd-112
sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.86.112/g' \
-e 's/^GATEWAY=192.168.86.2/GATEWAY=192.168.86.200/g'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
sudo systemctl restart network

keep-101

## keep-101
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-en33
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname keep-101
sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.86.101/g' \
-e 's/^GATEWAY=192.168.86.2/GATEWAY=192.168.86.200/g'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
sudo systemctl restart network

keep-102

## keep-102
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-en33
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname keep-102
sudo sed -i -e 's/192.168.86.6/192.168.86.102/g' \
-e 's/^GATEWAY=192.168.86.2/GATEWAY=192.168.86.200/g'  \
-e '/^UUID=/d' \
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
sudo systemctl restart network
关闭防火墙
sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

sudo systemctl disable firewalld 
sudo systemctl stop firewalld

sudo yum makecache
sudo yum install -y wget net-tools
sudo mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sudo yum makecache

注意：一定要关闭防火墙，或是添加相关端口！

确认网关是否生效
route -n

在这里插入图片描述

安装 web服务测试

httpd-111, httpd-112

sudo yum install -y httpd
sudo systemctl stop firewalld
echo " sed -i 's/123/$HOSTNAME/' /usr/share/httpd/noindex/index.html" | sudo bash -
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo systemctl restart httpd

在这里插入图片描述

安装keepalived ipvsadm

keep-101, keep-102

wget https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.1.5.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
sudo yum install -y ipvsadm libnl libnl-devel libnl3-devel net-snmp-devel libnfnetlink-devel gcc make openssl-devel popt-devel curl

tar -xzf keepalived-2.1.5.tar.gz
cd keepalived-2.1.5/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sysconf=/etc
make && sudo make install
# 测试安装
/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -v

在这里插入图片描述

安装成功

ls -l /etc/keepalived/

在这里插入图片描述

配置系统服务

keep-101, keep-102

# ~/keepalived-2.1.5 是解压出来的文件夹，根据你的解压路径来，不是安装目录
sudo cp ~/keepalived-2.1.5/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
sudo cp ~/keepalived-2.1.5/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable keepalived
sudo systemctl status keepalived

在这里插入图片描述

高可用配置

keep-101

# 配置lvs
# 开启net.ipv4.ip_forward
sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=0
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.send_redirects=0

# 加载并生效
sudo sysctl -p

配置keepalived
keep-102

# sudo mv /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
# sudo vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id keep_vip1
}

vrrp_instance VIP_251 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 251
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    nopreempt
    #preempt_delay 300
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 12345678
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        133.15.6.251
    }
}

vrrp_instance VIP_252{
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 252
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    nopreempt
    #preempt_delay 300
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 12345678
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        133.15.6.252
    }
}

# 检测语法
/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -t
# 启动keepalived
sudo systemctl restart keepalived
sudo systemctl status keepalived

keep-102

# sudo mv /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
# sudo vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id keep_vip2
}

vrrp_instance VIP_251 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 251
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    nopreempt
    #preempt_delay 300
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 12345678
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        133.15.6.251
    }
}

vrrp_instance VIP_252{
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 252
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    nopreempt
    #preempt_delay 300
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 12345678
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        133.15.6.252
    }
}

# 检测语法
/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -t
# 启动keepalived
sudo systemctl restart keepalived
sudo systemctl status keepalived

keepalived 配置成功
在这里插入图片描述

配置LVS-DR模式

# httpd-111
su root
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo.bak
echo '' >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo IPADDR1=133.15.6.251 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo NETMASK1=255.255.255.255 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo PREFIX1=32 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo IPADDR2=133.15.6.252>> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo NETMASK2=255.255.255.255 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo PREFIX2=32 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
systemctl restart network


# httpd-112
su root
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo.bak
echo '' >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo IPADDR1=133.15.6.251 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo NETMASK1=255.255.255.255 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo PREFIX1=32 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo IPADDR2=133.15.6.252>> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo NETMASK2=255.255.255.255 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
echo PREFIX2=32 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
systemctl restart network


# keep-101 keepalived.conf 追加配置
# sudo vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

virtual_server 133.15.6.251 80 {
    delay_loop 1
    lvs_sched wrr
    lvs_method DR
    #persistence_timeout 60
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.86.111 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
    	}
    }
    real_server 192.168.86.112 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
    	}
    }
}

virtual_server 133.15.6.252 80 {
    delay_loop 1
    lvs_sched wrr
    lvs_method DR
    #persistence_timeout 60
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.86.111 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
	    }
    }
    real_server 192.168.86.112 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
    	}
    }
}


# 检测语法
/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -t
# 启动keepalived
sudo systemctl restart keepalived
sudo systemctl status keepalived


# keep-102 keepalived.conf 追加配置
# sudo vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

virtual_server 133.15.6.251 80 {
    delay_loop 1
    lvs_sched wrr
    lvs_method DR
    #persistence_timeout 60
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.86.111 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
    	}
    }
    real_server 192.168.86.112 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
    	}
    }
}

virtual_server 133.15.6.252 80 {
    delay_loop 1
    lvs_sched wrr
    lvs_method DR
    #persistence_timeout 60
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.86.111 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
	    }
    }
    real_server 192.168.86.112 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                retry 3
                delay_before_retry 4
    	}
    }
}


# 检测语法
/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -t
# 启动keepalived
sudo systemctl restart keepalived
sudo systemctl status keepalived

ipvsadm -Ln 规则查看
在这里插入图片描述

测试 lvs 负载均衡效果

gateway 配置

# 配置lvs
# 开启net.ipv4.ip_forward
sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=0
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.send_redirects=0

# 加载并生效
sudo sysctl -p

su root
echo IPADDR1=133.15.6.200 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
echo NETMASK1=255.255.255.255 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
echo PREFIX1=32 >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
systemctl restart network

# 增加网关路由配置
# 即刻生效
sudo route add -net 133.15.6.0/24 dev ens33
# 永久配置
su root
echo "any net 133.15.6.0/24 dev ens33" > /etc/sysconfig/static-routes

client

# 配置 网关
route add -net 133.15.6.0/24 gw 192.168.88.100

while true; do 
sleep 1s; date;  
curl -s http://133.15.6.251|grep Testing;
curl -s http://133.15.6.251|grep Testing;
curl -s http://133.15.6.252|grep Testing;
curl -s http://133.15.6.252|grep Testing;
done;
初始测试效果

在这里插入图片描述

keep-101下线

在这里插入图片描述

keep-102下线

在这里插入图片描述

keep-102上线

在这里插入图片描述

httpd-111 下线

在这里插入图片描述

httpd-111 上线

在这里插入图片描述

测试完成
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lvs(LB集群的一个实现) 硬件:F5 BIG-IP 太贵 软件： lvs（四层） haproxy nginx （七层） varnish lvs 基础知识 lvs指的是Linux虚拟服务器，是一个虚拟的服务器集群系统。其主要用于多服务器的负载均衡。 优点： 廉价，可把许多低性能的服务器组合在一起形成一个超级服务器。 易用，配置非常简单，且有多种负载均衡的方法。 稳定可靠，即...
Linux云计算 |【第二阶段】CLUSTER-DAY1
小安的运维专栏
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集群及LVS简介、LVS-NAT集群、LVS-DR集群
Keepalived+lvs+httpd之负载均衡
weixin_34413103的博客
08-20 133
2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> ...
keepailved基于不同网段虚拟机的httpd服务做高可用
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qq_35485206的博客
12-20 1015
环境如下：系统：Centos 7.9主服务器：192.168.1.2 vip：192.168.1.100 版本：apache-2.4.6 keepalived-1.3.5备服务器：192.168.2.2 vip：192.168.1.100 版本：apache-2.4.6 keepaliv...
keepalived 主备都存在vip， keepalived主备跨网段配置；keepalived主备服务器不在同一个网段怎么配置
思念十年后
09-01 3499
keepalived 主备都存在vip， keepalived主备跨网段配置；keepalived主备服务器不在同一个网段怎么配置
keepalived 高可用lvs的dr模型（vip与dip不在同一网段）
weixin_30502157的博客
08-07 731
现在rs1和rs2上面安装httpd并准备测试页 [root@rs1 ~]# yum install httpd -y [root@rs1 ~]# echo "this is r1" > /var/www/html/index.html [root@rs1 ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@rs2 ~]# yum inst...
使用Keepalived实现HAProxy高可用
m0_47495420的博客
06-25 427
尽管HAProxy非常稳定，但仍然无法规避操作系统故障、主机硬件故障、网络故障甚至断电带来的风险。所以必须对HAProxy实施高可用方案。下面将介绍利用Keepalived实现的HAPr...
网络安全基础技术扫盲篇 — 内网DNS服务器搭建
wuli1024的博客
01-23 2206
知识宝库在此藏，一键关注获宝藏上文介绍了在主机层面如何搭建一个完整的WEB应用系统。在这过程中呢，有小伙伴就遇到了各式各样的问题。
Keepalived实现双机（主从nginx）主备高可用（1）
qq_44299529的博客
02-17 1263
原理图： 环境： 一台虚拟机里面分别安装两台CentOs7，并在两台centOs7里面分别安装nginx和keepalived。 不会安装的小伙伴戳：安装nginx（官网下载编译安装）_p＆f°的博客-优快云博客 以及：Keepalived安装_p＆f°的博客-优快云博客 配置： 1、nginx安装完毕即可，无需修改配置。在index.html里面修改下，以区分访问到不同的nginx 2、分别修改主备keepalived配置 2.1 修改ip为129的主机配置 （1）找.
keepalived+lvs+httpd实现
weixin_34128534的博客
05-19 166
一：前言Lvs:(LinuxVirtualServer)linux虚拟服务器,是由国人章文嵩于1998年5月创建的开源项目；因其很好的可伸缩性，可靠性和可管理性，一直应用的非常普遍。lvs在实现前端高效的负载均衡的时候，在高并发的情况时，前端的分发器成为整个系统的单点故障。因此考虑对前端的分发器实现高可用，加入一个备用节点。遗憾的是lvs主备之间的资...
【keepalived】keepalived的VIP跨网段Ping存在丢包问题
cnskylee的博客
02-06 5119
跨网段ping keepalived虚拟出来的VIP（10.xxx.xxx.17），存在网络丢包的问题。系统架构：keepalived（2.2.7）+nginx （1.20.1）搭建的主、备节点软负载。在与VIP同网段的虚拟机里面执行ping 10.xxx.xxx.17， 就不会出现这样的问题。可有小伙伴遇到类似的问题？有没有优化的方法，欢迎留言讨论、分享解决方案。
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