c++的字符串char与string相互转化，以及string的，切割，替换字符，字符串相关的函数整理

字符串的函数整理，初学，记录整理下了

1,char可以用一下的方法初始化

const char* char1 = "123";

const char* char2 = "456";

const char* char3 = "";

2，const char*它转化为string的方

string s1(char1);

3,string它转化为const char*的方法

string s1 = "hellow";

const char * char1 = s1.c_str();

4，c++切割字符串  

string text = "big|dog|china|sonic|free";

        stringstream ss(text);

        string sub_str;

        while(getline(ss,sub_str,'|')) //以|为间隔分割test的内容

            cout << sub_str << endl;

 

5,字符替换

 

.H文件

 

void string_replace(string & strBig, const string & strsrc, const string &strdst);

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
.M文件

    //字符串替换

 

    string aString("12212");

    //string_replace(aString,"12","21");

    string_replace(aString,"2","我");

   
    cout   <<  aString  <<   endl;

 

 

 

void HelloWorld::string_replace(string & strBig, const string & strsrc, const string &strdst)

{

    string::size_type pos=0;

    string::size_type srclen=strsrc.size();

    string::size_type dstlen=strdst.size();

   
    while( (pos=strBig.find(strsrc, pos)) != string::npos)

    {

        strBig.replace(pos, srclen, strdst);

        pos += dstlen;

    }

}

 

6, c++字符串的拼接

 

string name1 = "hello";

    int age = 123;

    char buffer[80];

   
    const char * name = name1.c_str();

   
    sprintf(buffer, "%s%d", name, age);

   
    CCLOG("%s",buffer);

============================================

函数名: stpcpy
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用 法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[10];
   char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
   stpcpy(string, str1);
   printf("%s\n", string);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strcat
功 能: 字符串拼接函数
用 法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char destination[25];
   char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
   strcpy(destination, Borland);
   strcat(destination, blank);
   strcat(destination, c);
   printf("%s\n", destination);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strchr
功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处\
用 法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    char string[15];
    char *ptr, c = 'r';
    strcpy(string, "This is a string");
    ptr = strchr(string, c);
    if (ptr)
       printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
    else
       printf("The character was not found\n");
    return 0;
}

 

函数名: strcmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
看Asic码，str1>str2，返回值 > 0；两串相等，返回0
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";
    int ptr;
    ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
    if (ptr > 0)
       printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
    else
       printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
    ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
    if (ptr > 0)
       printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
    else
       printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
    return 0;
}

 

函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strcpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
    char string[10];
    char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
    strcpy(string, str1);
    printf("%s\n", string);
    return 0;
}

 

函数名: strcspn
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用 法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
    char *string1 = "1234567890";
    char *string2 = "747DC8";
    int length;
    length = strcspn(string1, string2);
    printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n", length);
    return 0;
}

 

函数名: strdup
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用 法: char *strdup(char *str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
    char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
    dup_str = strdup(string);
    printf("%s\n", dup_str);
    free(dup_str);
    return 0;
}

 

函数名: stricmp
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用 法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
   int ptr;
   ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strerror
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用 法: char *strerror(int errnum);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buffer;
   buffer = strerror(errno);
   printf("Error: %s\n", buffer);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strcmpi
功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strncmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
   else
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
   ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
   else
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
   return(0);
}

 

函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strncpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[10];
   char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
   strncpy(string, str1, 3);
   string[3] = '\0';
   printf("%s\n", string);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strnicmp
功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串
用 法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strnset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
   char letter = 'x';
   printf("string before strnset: %s\n", string);
   strnset(string, letter, 13);
   printf("string after strnset: %s\n", string);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strpbrk
功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符
用 法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
   char *string2 = "onm";
   char *ptr;
   ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
   if (ptr)
      printf("strpbrk found first character: %c\n", *ptr);
   else
      printf("strpbrk didn't find character in set\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strrchr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现
用 法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[15];
   char *ptr, c = 'r';
   strcpy(string, "This is a string");
   ptr = strrchr(string, c);
   if (ptr)
      printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
   else
      printf("The character was not found\n");
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strrev
功 能: 串倒转
用 法: char *strrev(char *str);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *forward = "string";
   printf("Before strrev(): %s\n", forward);
   strrev(forward);
   printf("After strrev(): %s\n", forward);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strset(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[10] = "123456789";
   char symbol = 'c';
   printf("Before strset(): %s\n", string);
   strset(string, symbol);
   printf("After strset(): %s\n", string);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strspn
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出现
用 法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string1 = "1234567890";
   char *string2 = "123DC8";
   int length;
   length = strspn(string1, string2);
   printf("Character where strings differ is at position %d\n", length);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strstr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现
用 法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;
   ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
   printf("The substring is: %s\n", ptr);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strtod
功 能: 将字符串转换为double型值
用 法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
   char input[80], *endptr;
   double value;
   printf("Enter a floating point number:");
   gets(input);
   value = strtod(input, &endptr);
   printf("The string is %s the number is %lf\n", input, value);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strtok
功 能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词
用 法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char input[16] = "abc,d";
   char *p;
  
   p = strtok(input, ",");
   if (p)   printf("%s\n", p);
  
   p = strtok(NULL, ",");
   if (p)   printf("%s\n", p);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strtol
功 能: 将串转换为长整数
用 法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
   long lnumber;
  
   lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);
   printf("string = %s long = %ld\n", string, lnumber);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: strupr
功 能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母
用 法: char *strupr(char *str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;
  
   ptr = strupr(string);
   printf("%s\n", ptr);
   return 0;
}

 

函数名: swab
功 能: 交换字节
用 法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";
char target[15];
int main(void)
{
   swab(source, target, strlen(source));
   printf("This is target: %s\n", target);
   return 0;
}