在实际开发中,我们总是会和View打交道,例如View滑动、获取View坐标等等,那么就会牵扯到许多系统提供的Api方法,那么今天,我们就来详细了解一下,与之有关的系统方法。
一. 坐标系
首页,我们先需要了解一下Android里面的坐标系(二维坐标系)。Android中存在两种坐标系,Android坐标系(屏幕坐标系)和视图坐标系(View坐标系)。先上一张图,如下:
通过上面这张图,我们可以得知:
1.Android坐标系,是以手机屏幕左上角为原点,以水平向右为X轴正方向,以竖直向下为y轴正方向;
2.视图坐标系,原点是该View的父View的左上角,以水平向右为X轴正方向,以竖直向下为y轴正方向;
需要补充的一点是,View视图可以是没有边界的,换句话说,就是View视图的大小可以比Android的手机屏幕大,甚至还大很多。还是依旧上图说明,如下:
这张图中,黑色的线框是View的大小,黄色线框是手机屏幕的大小,我们可以看出,View的大小比手机屏幕还大,并且只有在手机屏幕里面,我们才能看到。目前手机屏幕只显示Buttton2按钮,不在黄色线框中的视图,是隐藏(不可见)状态,当我们手指在手机屏幕上左右滑动时,可能才显示其他隐藏的视图。所以,我们在布局中可能会遇到,有的View只显示了一部分,就是这个原因!
二.Android提供的Api方法解释说明
1.View常用到的方法。
(1).getLeft(),当前View的左边缘与它父View的左边缘的距离(视图坐标);
(2).getRight(),当前View的右边缘与它父View的左边缘的距离(视图坐标);
(3).getTop(),当前View的上边缘与它父View的上边缘(顶部)的距离(视图坐标);
(4).getBottom(),当前View的下边缘与它父View的上边缘(顶部)的距离(视图坐标);
(5).getWidth(),获取当前View的宽度;
(6).getHeight(),获取当前View的高度;
我们可以看看View的源码
- /**
- * The distance in pixels from the left edge of this view's parent
- * to the left edge of this view.
- * {@hide}
- */
- @ViewDebug.ExportedProperty(category = "layout")
- protected int mLeft;
- /**
- * The distance in pixels from the left edge of this view's parent
- * to the right edge of this view.
- * {@hide}
- */
- @ViewDebug.ExportedProperty(category = "layout")
- protected int mRight;
- /**
- * The distance in pixels from the top edge of this view's parent
- * to the top edge of this view.
- * {@hide}
- */
- @ViewDebug.ExportedProperty(category = "layout")
- protected int mTop;
- /**
- * The distance in pixels from the top edge of this view's parent
- * to the bottom edge of this view.
- * {@hide}
- */
- @ViewDebug.ExportedProperty(category = "layout")
- protected int mBottom;
- /**
- * Left position of this view relative to its parent.
- *
- * @return The left edge of this view, in pixels.
- */
- @ViewDebug.CapturedViewProperty
- public final int getLeft() {
- return mLeft;
- }
- /**
- * Right position of this view relative to its parent.
- *
- * @return The right edge of this view, in pixels.
- */
- @ViewDebug.CapturedViewProperty
- public final int getRight() {
- return mRight;
- }
- /**
- * Top position of this view relative to its parent.
- *
- * @return The top of this view, in pixels.
- */
- @ViewDebug.CapturedViewProperty
- public final int getTop() {
- return mTop;
- }
- /**
- * Bottom position of this view relative to its parent.
- *
- * @return The bottom of this view, in pixels.
- */
- @ViewDebug.CapturedViewProperty
- public final int getBottom() {
- return mBottom;
- }
- /**
- * Return the width of the your view.
- *
- * @return The width of your view, in pixels.
- */
- @ViewDebug.ExportedProperty(category = "layout")
- public final int getWidth() {
- return mRight - mLeft;
- }
- /**
- * Return the height of your view.
- *
- * @return The height of your view, in pixels.
- */
- @ViewDebug.ExportedProperty(category = "layout")
- public final int getHeight() {
- return mBottom - mTop;
- }
看一张图,我们可能就了然了。
2.MotionEvent中有这几个常用的方法getX(),getY(),getRawX(),getRawY()。(MotionEvent是该View的onTouchEvent()方法中的)
(1).getX(),触摸中心点与该View左边缘的距离(视图坐标);
(2).getY(),触摸中心点与该View上边缘(顶部)的距离(视图坐标);
(3).getRawX(),触摸中心点与屏幕左边缘的距离(绝对坐标);
(4).getRawY(),触摸中心点与屏幕上边缘(顶部)的距离(绝对坐标);
请留意,这几个是MotionEvent中的方法,调用的时候MotionEvent.getX()...。看一张图,如下:
源码如下所示:
- /**
- * {@link #getX(int)} for the first pointer index (may be an
- * arbitrary pointer identifier).
- *
- * @see #AXIS_X
- */
- public final float getX() {
- return nativeGetAxisValue(mNativePtr, AXIS_X, 0, HISTORY_CURRENT);
- }
- /**
- * {@link #getY(int)} for the first pointer index (may be an
- * arbitrary pointer identifier).
- *
- * @see #AXIS_Y
- */
- public final float getY() {
- return nativeGetAxisValue(mNativePtr, AXIS_Y, 0, HISTORY_CURRENT);
- }
- /**
- * Returns the original raw X coordinate of this event. For touch
- * events on the screen, this is the original location of the event
- * on the screen, before it had been adjusted for the containing window
- * and views.
- *
- * @see #getX(int)
- * @see #AXIS_X
- */
- public final float getRawX() {
- return nativeGetRawAxisValue(mNativePtr, AXIS_X, 0, HISTORY_CURRENT);
- }
- /**
- * Returns the original raw Y coordinate of this event. For touch
- * events on the screen, this is the original location of the event
- * on the screen, before it had been adjusted for the containing window
- * and views.
- *
- * @see #getY(int)
- * @see #AXIS_Y
- */
- public final float getRawY() {
- return nativeGetRawAxisValue(mNativePtr, AXIS_Y, 0, HISTORY_CURRENT);
- }
三. 总结
文章主要是讲解了Android的两个坐标系,以及系统提供给我们的一些Api方法的使用说明。
相信大家对这些系统提供的Api已经有所了解了吧!(本人水平有限,有错误的地方,欢迎大家指出)
如果你还想了解View的scrollTo()和scrollBy()的话,那么请看这篇文章Android View(二)-View的scrollTo()以及scrollBy()说明!