函数一： RegisterDeviceNotification
功能：注册设备或者设备类型，在指定的窗口返回相关的信息
原型：
HDEVNOTIFY WINAPI RegisterDeviceNotification(
__in HANDLE hRecipient,
__in LPVOID NotificationFilter,
__in DWORD Flags
);
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363431.aspx。
转为C#后的代码为：
[DllImport(“user32.dll“, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr RegisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr hRecipient, DEV_BROADCAST_DEVICEINTERFACE NotificationFilter, UInt32 Flags);
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class DEV_BROADCAST_DEVICEINTERFACE
...{
public int dbcc_size;
public int dbcc_devicetype;
public int dbcc_reserved;
}
函数二：UnregisterDeviceNotification
功能：通过名柄，关闭指定设备的信息。(主要应用于清理非托管资源，并与RegisterDeviceNotification配对使用)
原型：
BOOL WINAPI UnregisterDeviceNotification(
__in HDEVNOTIFY Handle
);
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363475(VS.85).aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“user32.dll“, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern uint UnregisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr hHandle);
函数三：SetupDiGetClassDevs
功能：获取一个指定类别或全部类别的所有已安装设备的信息。
原型：
HDEVINFO SetupDiGetClassDevs( IN LPGUID ClassGuid, OPTIONAL IN PCTSTR Enumerator, OPTIONAL IN HWND hwndParent, OPTIONAL IN DWORD Flags );
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792959.aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“setupapi.dll“, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref Guid gClass, UInt32 iEnumerator, IntPtr hParent, UInt32 nFlags);
函数四：SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList
功能：销毁一个设备信息集合，并且释放所有关联的内存。
原型：
WINSETUPAPI BOOL WINAPI SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList( IN HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet );
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792991.aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“setupapi.dll“, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr lpInfoSet);
函数五：SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo
功能：枚举指定设备信息集合的成员，并将数据放在SP_DEVINFO_DATA中。
原型：
WINSETUPAPI BOOL WINAPI SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(
IN HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet,
IN DWORD MemberIndex,
OUT PSP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData );
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792983.aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“setupapi.dll“, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(IntPtr lpInfoSet, UInt32 dwIndex, SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData);
/** 〈summary〉
/// 设备信息数据
/// 〈/summary〉
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_DEVINFO_DATA
...{
public int cbSize;
public Guid classGuid;
public int devInst;
public ulong reserved;
};
函数六：SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty
功能：获取指定设备的属性。
原型：
WINSETUPAPI BOOL WINAPI SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
IN HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet,
IN PSP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData,
IN DWORD Property,
OUT PDWORD PropertyRegDataType,
OPTIONAL OUT PBYTE PropertyBuffer,
IN DWORD PropertyBufferSize,
OUT PDWORD RequiredSize OPTIONAL );
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792967.aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“setupapi.dll“, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(IntPtr lpInfoSet, SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData, UInt32 Property, UInt32 PropertyRegDataType, StringBuilder PropertyBuffer, UInt32 PropertyBufferSize, IntPtr RequiredSize);
函数七：SetupDiSetClassInstallParams
功能：停用设备。
原型：
WINSETUPAPI BOOL WINAPI
SetupDiSetClassInstallParams(
IN HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet,
IN PSP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData,
OPTIONAL IN PSP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER ClassInstallParams,
OPTIONAL IN DWORD ClassInstallParamsSize );
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792876.aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“setupapi.dll“, SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern bool SetupDiSetClassInstallParams(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, IntPtr DeviceInfoData, IntPtr ClassInstallParams, int ClassInstallParamsSize);
函数八：SetupDiCallClassInstaller
功能：启用设备。
原型：
WINSETUPAPI BOOL WINAPI
SetupDiCallClassInstaller(
IN DI_FUNCTION InstallFunction,
IN HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet,
IN PSP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData OPTIONAL );
参考说明文档：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792989.aspx。
转为C#后的代码：
[DllImport(“setupapi.dll“, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern Boolean SetupDiCallClassInstaller(UInt32 InstallFunction, IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, IntPtr DeviceInfoData);
我们掌握了我们所需要的相关API知识点。为此，我们现在来构建我们自己的外部调用类：Externs。该处不再一一说明相关的函数知识点。
下面是该类的代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Hardware
...{
/** <summary>
/// 下列所需函数可参考MSDN中与驱动程序相关的API函数
/// </summary>
public class Externs
...{
public const int DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = (0x00000004);
public const int DIGCF_PRESENT = (0x00000002);
public const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;
public const int SPDRP_DEVICEDESC = (0x00000000);
public const int MAX_DEV_LEN = 1000;
public const int DEVICE_NOTIFY_WINDOW_HANDLE = (0x00000000);
public const int DEVICE_NOTIFY_SERVICE_HANDLE = (0x00000001);
public const int DEVICE_NOTIFY_ALL_INTERFACE_CLASSES = (0x00000004);
public const int DBT_DEVTYP_DEVICEINTERFACE = (0x00000005);
public const int DBT_DEVNODES_CHANGED = (0x0007);
public const int WM_DEVICECHANGE = (0x0219);
public const int DIF_PROPERTYCHANGE = (0x00000012);
public const int DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL = (0x00000001);
public const int DICS_FLAG_CONFIGSPECIFIC = (0x00000002);
public const int DICS_ENABLE = (0x00000001);
public const int DICS_DISABLE = (0x00000002);
/** <summary>
/// 注册设备或者设备类型，在指定的窗口返回相关的信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hRecipient"></param>
/// <param name="NotificationFilter"></param>
/// <param name="Flags"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr RegisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr hRecipient, DEV_BROADCAST_DEVICEINTERFACE NotificationFilter, UInt32 Flags);
/** <summary>
/// 通过名柄，关闭指定设备的信息。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hHandle"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern uint UnregisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr hHandle);
/** <summary>
/// 获取一个指定类别或全部类别的所有已安装设备的信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="gClass"></param>
/// <param name="iEnumerator"></param>
/// <param name="hParent"></param>
/// <param name="nFlags"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref Guid gClass, UInt32 iEnumerator, IntPtr hParent, UInt32 nFlags);
/** <summary>
/// 销毁一个设备信息集合，并且释放所有关联的内存
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lpInfoSet"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr lpInfoSet);
/** <summary>
/// 枚举指定设备信息集合的成员，并将数据放在SP_DEVINFO_DATA中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lpInfoSet"></param>
/// <param name="dwIndex"></param>
/// <param name="devInfoData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(IntPtr lpInfoSet, UInt32 dwIndex, SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData);
/** <summary>
/// 获取指定设备的属性
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lpInfoSet"></param>
/// <param name="DeviceInfoData"></param>
/// <param name="Property"></param>
/// <param name="PropertyRegDataType"></param>
/// <param name="PropertyBuffer"></param>
/// <param name="PropertyBufferSize"></param>
/// <param name="RequiredSize"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(IntPtr lpInfoSet, SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData, UInt32 Property, UInt32 PropertyRegDataType, StringBuilder PropertyBuffer, UInt32 PropertyBufferSize, IntPtr RequiredSize);
/** <summary>
/// 停用设备
/// </summary>
/// <param name="DeviceInfoSet"></param>
/// <param name="DeviceInfoData"></param>
/// <param name="ClassInstallParams"></param>
/// <param name="ClassInstallParamsSize"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern bool SetupDiSetClassInstallParams(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, IntPtr DeviceInfoData, IntPtr ClassInstallParams, int ClassInstallParamsSize);
/** <summary>
/// 启用设备
/// </summary>
/// <param name="InstallFunction"></param>
/// <param name="DeviceInfoSet"></param>
/// <param name="DeviceInfoData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern Boolean SetupDiCallClassInstaller(UInt32 InstallFunction, IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, IntPtr DeviceInfoData);
/** <summary>
/// RegisterDeviceNotification所需参数
/// </summary>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct DEV_BROADCAST_HANDLE
...{
public int dbch_size;
public int dbch_devicetype;
public int dbch_reserved;
public IntPtr dbch_handle;
public IntPtr dbch_hdevnotify;
public Guid dbch_eventguid;
public long dbch_nameoffset;
public byte dbch_data;
public byte dbch_data1;
}
// WM_DEVICECHANGE message
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class DEV_BROADCAST_DEVICEINTERFACE
...{
public int dbcc_size;
public int dbcc_devicetype;
public int dbcc_reserved;
}
/** <summary>
/// 设备信息数据
/// </summary>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_DEVINFO_DATA
...{
public int cbSize;
public Guid classGuid;
public int devInst;
public ulong reserved;
};
/** <summary>
/// 属性变更参数
/// </summary>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS
...{
public SP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER ClassInstallHeader = new SP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER();
public int StateChange;
public int Scope;
public int HwProfile;
};
/** <summary>
/// 设备安装
/// </summary>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_DEVINSTALL_PARAMS
...{
public int cbSize;
public int Flags;
public int FlagsEx;
public IntPtr hwndParent;
public IntPtr InstallMsgHandler;
public IntPtr InstallMsgHandlerContext;
public IntPtr FileQueue;
public IntPtr ClassInstallReserved;
public int Reserved;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
public string DriverPath;
};
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class SP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER
...{
public int cbSize;
public int InstallFunction;
};
}
}
在完成了该类后，我们还需要写一个对硬件操作与获取的操作类HardwareClass。
下面为它的完整代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Hardware
...{
public class HardwareClass
...{
属性#region 属性
/** <summary>
/// 返回所有硬件信息列表
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string[] List
...{
get
...{
List<string> HWList = new List<string>();
try
...{
Guid myGUID = System.Guid.Empty;
IntPtr hDevInfo = Externs.SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref myGUID, 0, IntPtr.Zero, Externs.DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | Externs.DIGCF_PRESENT);
if (hDevInfo.ToInt32() == Externs.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
...{
throw new Exception("Invalid Handle");
}
Externs.SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData;
DeviceInfoData = new Externs.SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
DeviceInfoData.cbSize = 28;
DeviceInfoData.devInst = 0;
DeviceInfoData.classGuid = System.Guid.Empty;
DeviceInfoData.reserved = 0;
UInt32 i;
StringBuilder DeviceName = new StringBuilder("");
DeviceName.Capacity = Externs.MAX_DEV_LEN;
for (i = 0; Externs.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, i, DeviceInfoData); i++)
...{
while (!Externs.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDevInfo, DeviceInfoData, Externs.SPDRP_DEVICEDESC, 0, DeviceName, Externs.MAX_DEV_LEN, IntPtr.Zero))
...{
//Skip
}
HWList.Add(DeviceName.ToString());
}
Externs.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDevInfo);
}
catch (Exception ex)
...{
throw new Exception("枚举设备列表出错", ex);
}
return HWList.ToArray();
}
}
#endregion
公共事件#region 公共事件
/** <summary>
/// 清理非托管资源
/// </summary>
/// <param name="callback"></param>
public void Dispose(IntPtr callback)
...{
try
...{
Externs.UnregisterDeviceNotification(callback);
}
catch
...{
}
}
/** <summary>
/// 设置指定设备的状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name="match">设备名称</param>
/// <param name="bEnable">是否启用</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool SetState(string[] match, bool bEnable)
...{
try
...{
Guid myGUID = System.Guid.Empty;
IntPtr hDevInfo = Externs.SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref myGUID, 0, IntPtr.Zero, Externs.DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | Externs.DIGCF_PRESENT);
if (hDevInfo.ToInt32() == Externs.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
...{
return false;
}
Externs.SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData;
DeviceInfoData = new Externs.SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
DeviceInfoData.cbSize = 28;
DeviceInfoData.devInst = 0;
DeviceInfoData.classGuid = System.Guid.Empty;
DeviceInfoData.reserved = 0;
UInt32 i;
StringBuilder DeviceName = new StringBuilder("");
DeviceName.Capacity = Externs.MAX_DEV_LEN;
for (i = 0; Externs.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, i, DeviceInfoData); i++)
...{
while (!Externs.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDevInfo, DeviceInfoData, Externs.SPDRP_DEVICEDESC, 0, DeviceName, Externs.MAX_DEV_LEN, IntPtr.Zero))
...{
}
bool bMatch = true;
foreach (string search in match)
...{
if (!DeviceName.ToString().ToLower().Contains(search.ToLower()))
...{
bMatch = false;
break;
}
}
if (bMatch)
...{
OpenClose(hDevInfo, DeviceInfoData, bEnable);
}
}
Externs.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDevInfo);
}
catch (Exception ex)
...{
throw new Exception("枚举设备信息出错！", ex);
return false;
}
return true;
}
/** <summary>
/// 允许一个窗口或者服务接收所有硬件的通知
/// 注:目前还没有找到一个比较好的方法来处理如果通知服务。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="callback"></param>
/// <param name="UseWindowHandle"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool AllowNotifications(IntPtr callback, bool UseWindowHandle)
...{
try
...{
Externs.DEV_BROADCAST_DEVICEINTERFACE dbdi = new Externs.DEV_BROADCAST_DEVICEINTERFACE();
dbdi.dbcc_size = Marshal.SizeOf(dbdi);
dbdi.dbcc_reserved = 0;
dbdi.dbcc_devicetype = Externs.DBT_DEVTYP_DEVICEINTERFACE;
if (UseWindowHandle)
Externs.RegisterDeviceNotification(callback, dbdi, Externs.DEVICE_NOTIFY_ALL_INTERFACE_CLASSES | Externs.DEVICE_NOTIFY_WINDOW_HANDLE);
else
Externs.RegisterDeviceNotification(callback, dbdi, Externs.DEVICE_NOTIFY_ALL_INTERFACE_CLASSES | Externs.DEVICE_NOTIFY_SERVICE_HANDLE);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
...{
string err = ex.Message;
return false;
}
}
#endregion
私有事件#region 私有事件
/** <summary>
/// 开启或者关闭指定的设备驱动
/// 注意：该方法目前没有检查是否需要重新启动计算机。^.^
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hDevInfo"></param>
/// <param name="devInfoData"></param>
/// <param name="bEnable"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool OpenClose(IntPtr hDevInfo, Externs.SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData, bool bEnable)
...{
try
...{
int szOfPcp;
IntPtr ptrToPcp;
int szDevInfoData;
IntPtr ptrToDevInfoData;
Externs.SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1 = new Externs.SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS();
if (bEnable)
...{
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.ClassInstallHeader.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Externs.SP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER));
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.ClassInstallHeader.InstallFunction = Externs.DIF_PROPERTYCHANGE;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.StateChange = Externs.DICS_ENABLE;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.Scope = Externs.DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.HwProfile = 0;
szOfPcp = Marshal.SizeOf(SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1);
ptrToPcp = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(szOfPcp);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1, ptrToPcp, true);
szDevInfoData = Marshal.SizeOf(devInfoData);
ptrToDevInfoData = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(szDevInfoData);
if (Externs.SetupDiSetClassInstallParams(hDevInfo, ptrToDevInfoData, ptrToPcp, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Externs.SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS))))
...{
Externs.SetupDiCallClassInstaller(Externs.DIF_PROPERTYCHANGE, hDevInfo, ptrToDevInfoData);
}
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.ClassInstallHeader.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Externs.SP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER));
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.ClassInstallHeader.InstallFunction = Externs.DIF_PROPERTYCHANGE;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.StateChange = Externs.DICS_ENABLE;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.Scope = Externs.DICS_FLAG_CONFIGSPECIFIC;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.HwProfile = 0;
}
else
...{
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.ClassInstallHeader.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Externs.SP_CLASSINSTALL_HEADER));
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.ClassInstallHeader.InstallFunction = Externs.DIF_PROPERTYCHANGE;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.StateChange = Externs.DICS_DISABLE;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.Scope = Externs.DICS_FLAG_CONFIGSPECIFIC;
SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1.HwProfile = 0;
}
szOfPcp = Marshal.SizeOf(SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1);
ptrToPcp = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(szOfPcp);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS1, ptrToPcp, true);
szDevInfoData = Marshal.SizeOf(devInfoData);
ptrToDevInfoData = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(szDevInfoData);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(devInfoData, ptrToDevInfoData, true);
bool rslt1 = Externs.SetupDiSetClassInstallParams(hDevInfo, ptrToDevInfoData, ptrToPcp, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Externs.SP_PROPCHANGE_PARAMS)));
bool rstl2 = Externs.SetupDiCallClassInstaller(Externs.DIF_PROPERTYCHANGE, hDevInfo, ptrToDevInfoData);
if ((!rslt1) || (!rstl2))
...{
throw new Exception("不能更改设备状态。");
return false;
}
else
...{
return true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
...{
return false;
}
}
#endregion
}
}
我们在这里面建立一个测试项目。简单的设备管理器:)
界面如下图：
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