如果，elif，其他声明在Bash中发布

本文翻译自：if, elif, else statement issues in Bash

I can't seem to work out what the issue with the following if statement is in regards to the elif and then . 我似乎无法弄清楚以下if语句的问题是关于elif then 。 Keep in mind the printf is still under development I just haven't been able to test it yet in the statement so is more than likely wrong. 请记住， printf仍处于开发阶段我还没有在声明中测试它，所以很可能是错误的。

The error I'm getting is: 我得到的错误是：

./timezone_string.sh: line 14: syntax error near unexpected token `then'
./timezone_string.sh: line 14: `then'

And the statement is like so. 声明就是这样。

if [ "$seconds" -eq 0 ];then
   $timezone_string="Z"
elif[ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]
then
   $timezone_string=`printf "%02d:%02d" $seconds/3600 ($seconds/60)%60`
else
   echo "Unknown parameter"
fi

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/15HMz/如果-elif-其他声明在Bash中发布

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#2楼

There is a space missing between elif and [ : elif和[之间缺少空格：

elif[ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]

should be 应该

elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]

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As I see this question is getting a lot of views, it is important to indicate that the syntax to follow is: 正如我看到这个问题获得了很多观点，重要的是要指出要遵循的语法是：

if [ conditions ]
# ^ ^          ^

meaning that spaces are needed around the brackets . 意味着括号周围需要空格 。 Otherwise, it won't work. 否则，它将无法正常工作。 This is because [ itself is a command. 这是因为[本身就是一个命令。

The reason why you are not seeing something like elif[: command not found (or similar) is that after seeing if and then , the shell is looking for either elif , else , or fi . 你没有看到像elif[: command not found （或类似）之类的东西的原因是，在看到if then ，shell正在寻找elif ， else或fi 。 However it finds another then (after the mis-formatted elif[ ). 然而它找到另一then （误格式化后elif[ ）。 Only after having parsed the statement it would be executed (and an error message like elif[: command not found would be output). 只有在解析了语句之后才会执行它（并且会输出像elif[: command not found的错误消息）。

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#3楼

[ is a command. [是一个命令。 It must be separated by whitespace from the preceding statement: 它必须用前面语句中的空格分隔：

elif [

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#4楼

You have some syntax issues with your script. 您的脚本存在一些语法问题。 Here is a fixed version: 这是一个固定版本：

#!/bin/bash

if [ "$seconds" -eq 0 ]; then
   timezone_string="Z"
elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]; then
   timezone_string=$(printf "%02d:%02d" $((seconds/3600)) $(((seconds / 60) % 60)))
else
   echo "Unknown parameter"
fi

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#5楼

I would recommend you having a look at the basics of conditioning in bash. 我建议你看看bash中的条件基础知识。

The symbol "[" is a command and must have a whitespace prior to it. 符号“[”是一个命令，必须在它之前有一个空格。 If you don't give whitespace after your elif, the system interprets elif[ as aa particular command which is definitely not what you'd want at this time. 如果你没有在你的elif之后给出空格，系统会解释elif [作为一个特定的命令，这绝对不是你现在想要的。

Usage: 用法：

elif(A COMPULSORY WHITESPACE WITHOUT PARENTHESIS)[(A WHITE SPACE WITHOUT PARENTHESIS)conditions(A WHITESPACE WITHOUT PARENTHESIS)]

In short, edit your code segment to: 简而言之，将代码段编辑为：

elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]

You'd be fine with no compilation errors. 你可以没有编译错误。 Your final code segment should look like this: 您的最终代码段应如下所示：

#!/bin/sh    
if [ "$seconds" -eq 0 ];then
       $timezone_string="Z"
    elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]
    then
       $timezone_string=`printf "%02d:%02d" $seconds/3600 ($seconds/60)%60`
    else
       echo "Unknown parameter"
    fi