springcloud-gateway实现

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 19:34:55 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 19:34:55 发布 · 494 阅读

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文章标签：

#spring cloud #gateway #spring

本文深入解析SpringCloudGateway的路由策略，探讨如何通过Predicate匹配HTTP请求并利用Filter进行定制化处理。通过实例配置，理解其在微服务架构中的关键作用。

Spring Cloud Gateway 的三大核心概念

Route （路由）：路由是构建网关的基本模块，它由 ID，目标 URI，一系列的断言和过滤器组成，如果断言为true则匹配该路由
Predicate（断言）：参考的是 java8 的 java.util.function.Predicate 开发人员可以匹配 HTTP 请求中的所有内容（例如请求头或请求参数），如果请求与断言相匹配则进行路由
Filter（过滤）：指的是 Spring 框架中 GatewayFilter 的实例，使用过滤器，可以在请求被路由前或者之后对请求进行修改

Spring Cloud Gateway具体实现

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.xx.job</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
      <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.projectreactor.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>reactor-netty</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

yml文件

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway-gateway9527
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: payment8001
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-PAYMENT
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/selectById/**

eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: cloud-gateway-gateway9527
  client:
    #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer，默认为true
    register-with-eureka: true
    # 是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为毛白前，单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true,才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka,http://localhost:7002/eureka

主启动类

package com.xx.job.cloudgatewaygateway9527;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class CloudGatewayGateway9527Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CloudGatewayGateway9527Application.class, args);
    }

}

gateway的两种配置方式

方式一：上面的yml配置方式

方式二：java类配置

package com.xx.job.cloudgatewaygateway9527.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class GatewayConfig {


    @Bean
    public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder){
        RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes();
        RouteLocator build = routes.route("payment8001", r -> r.path("/payment/selectById/**").uri("lb://SPRING-CLOUD-PAYMENT"))
               // .route("payment8002", r -> r.path("/payment/get/**").uri("http://127.0.0.1:8002"))
                .build();
        return build;
    }
}

git：spring-cloud-demo: spring-cloud-demo试例