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Elasticsearch嵌套类型nested详解

原创于 2025-10-07 03:36:35 发布 · 340 阅读

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嵌套类型nested的特点

可以存储数组对象

每个对象独立存储为隐藏的子文档

嵌套类型nested和object类型的区别和应用场景

nested

每个对象独立存储为隐藏的子文档

适合存储数组

查询的时候有特定的语法 nested查询且字段要用对象.字段名

性能略低因为要维护子文档

object

扁平化存储，数组中的对象相同字段会合并成数组

适合存储单层的json对象

查询的时候指定对象.字段名称即可

查询性能高

嵌套类型nested如何使用

索引结构

"properties" : {

"create_time" : {

"format" : "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss Z||yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS Z||yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS||yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS||yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS Z||yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss,SSS Z||epoch_millis||yyyy-MM-dd",

"index" : true,

"type" : "date",

"doc_values" : true

"title" : {

"index" : true,

"type" : "text"

"users" : {

"type" : "nested",

"properties" : {

"sex" : {

"type" : "keyword"

"age" : {

"type" : "integer"

"username" : {

"type" : "keyword"

}

插入数据

POST cn_taoym_json_to_nested/_bulk

{"index":{}}

{"create_time":"2023-10-01 10:00:00","title":"第一条数据","users":[{"username":"user1","age":25,"sex":"male"}]}

{"index":{}}

{"create_time":"2023-10-02 14:30:00","title":"第二条数据","users":[{"username":"user2","age":30,"sex":"female"}]}

{"index":{}}

{"create_time":"2023-10-03 09:15:00","title":"第三条数据","users":[{"username":"user3","age":28,"sex":"male"},{"username":"user4","age":22,"sex":"female"}]}

{"index":{}}

{"create_time":"1696300800000","title":"第四条数据（时间戳格式）","users":[{"username":"user5","age":35,"sex":"male"}]}

{"index":{}}

{"create_time":"2023/10/05 16:45:00","title":"第五条数据（不同日期格式）","users":[{"username":"user6","age":27,"sex":"female"}]}

查询username为user3的数据

GET cn_taoym_json_to_nested/_search

{

"query": {

"nested": {

"path": "users",

"query": {

"term": {