2025，每天10分钟，跟我学K8S（四十）- Helm （三）- 创建一个自己的helm应用

devopser6

已于 2025-04-08 20:50:32 修改

阅读量764

点赞数 15

分类专栏： K8S教程文章标签： kubernetes 容器云原生

于 2025-04-08 20:22:17 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/x3858116/article/details/147074238

版权

K8S教程专栏收录该内容

52 篇文章

订阅专栏

前面讲解了很多helm的知识点，今天创建一个自己的helm案例，在实操中进一步熟悉helm的使用。

httpbin.org是我在工作中经常用的到一个网站，它可以显示返回用户的IP等一系列主机头想要的信息。官方也很贴心的制作了镜像，方便我们在本地使用，本次将用它为例，通过helm创建一个本地的httpbin的pod。

创建httpbin的heml例子

1.创建目录，并且创建一个默认的helm目录结构

root@k8s-master:~/helm# mkdir -vp helmtest
mkdir: created directory 'helmtest'
root@k8s-master:~/helm# cd helmtest/
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm create myapp01
Creating myapp01
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# tree myapp01/
myapp01/
├── charts
├── Chart.yaml
├── templates
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   ├── _helpers.tpl
│   ├── hpa.yaml
│   ├── ingress.yaml
│   ├── NOTES.txt
│   ├── serviceaccount.yaml
│   ├── service.yaml
│   └── tests
│       └── test-connection.yaml
└── values.yaml

2.修改配置文件

修改 myapp01/value.yaml

（镜像、ingress、server等信息）

image:
  repository: nginx  #镜像地址
  # This sets the pull policy for images.
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  # Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart appVersion.
  tag: " "
====修改为====
image:
  repository: m.daocloud.io/docker.io/kennethreitz/httpbin  #镜像地址
  # This sets the pull policy for images.
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  # Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart appVersion.
  tag: "latest"

...

service:
  type: ClusterIP
  port: 80
====修改为====
service:
  type: NodePort  #这里不改也可以
  port: 80   #容器的端口
  targetPort: 80   #暴露容器80对应server的端口

...

ingress:
  enabled: false
  className: ""
  annotations: {}
    # kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    # kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
  hosts:
    - host: chart-example.local
      paths:
        - path: /
          pathType: ImplementationSpecific
  tls: []
  #  - secretName: chart-example-tls
  #    hosts:
  #      - chart-example.local

====修改为====
ingress:
  enabled: true  #修改了这里
  className: ""
  annotations: {}
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx   #修改了这里
    # 开启use-regex，启用path的正则匹配
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex: "true" #修改了这里

    # kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
  hosts:
    - host: www.2025helm.com  #修改了这里
      paths:
        - path: /
          pathType: ImplementationSpecific
  tls: []
  #  - secretName: chart-example-tls
  #    hosts:
  #      - chart-example.local

...


由于一般镜像没有自检功能，所以这一段注释
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /
              port: http
====修改为====
#livenessProbe:
#  httpGet:
#    path: /
#    port: http
#readinessProbe:
#  httpGet:
#    path: /
#    port: http

修改 myapp01/Chart.yaml

（版本号等信息）

# 这里可以修改名字，这里就不做修改了
name: myapp01

# 修改版本号
appVersion: "1.16.0"
====修改为====
appVersion: "202503"

修改 myapp01/templates/service.yaml

（servers的targetPort信息）

spec:
  type: {{ .Values.service.type }}
  ports:
    - port: {{ .Values.service.port }}
      targetPort: http
      protocol: TCP
      name: http
====修改为====
spec:
  type: {{ .Values.service.type }}
  ports:
    - port: {{ .Values.service.port }}
      targetPort: {{ .Values.service.targetPort}}  #修改这里
      protocol: TCP
      name: http

修改 myapp01/templates/NOTES.txt

（安装后，显示的提示）

由于启用了ingress，如果跑成功会显示下面输入的内容

3.干跑一下看下配置是否正确

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm install --dry-run --debug  myapp01 myapp01/
install.go:225: 2025-04-08 18:50:56.924811149 +0800 CST m=+0.204651618 [debug] Original chart version: ""
install.go:242: 2025-04-08 18:50:56.925029701 +0800 CST m=+0.204870168 [debug] CHART PATH: /root/helm/helmtest/myapp01

NAME: myapp01
LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Apr  8 18:50:56 2025
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: pending-install
REVISION: 1
USER-SUPPLIED VALUES:
{}

...

NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
  http://www.2025helm.com/
  "If successful, you will see this message"  #修改了这里

4.使用命令开始安装

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm install myapp01 myapp01/
NAME: myapp01
LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Apr  8 19:27:34 2025
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
  http://www.2025helm.com/
  "If successful, you will see this message"  #修改了这里

5.测试

查看helm状态和版本号

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm list
NAME    	NAMESPACE	REVISION	UPDATED                                	STATUS  	CHART        	APP VERSION
myapp01 	default  	1       	2025-04-08 19:27:34.588330558 +0800 CST	deployed	myapp01-0.1.0	202503

查看svc端口

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP          18d
myapp01      NodePort    10.96.228.21    <none>        80:30680/TCP     39s

查看ingress

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# kubectl get ingress
NAME      CLASS    HOSTS              ADDRESS   PORTS   AGE
myapp01   <none>   www.2025helm.com             80      30s

修改hosts后测试

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# curl  http://www.2025helm.com/ip
{
  "origin": "172.21.176.3"
}

6.升级版本和回滚

升级版本

修改myapp01/Chart.yaml

appVersion: "202503"
====修改为====
appVersion: "202504"

升级命令 helm upgrade myapp01 myapp01

版本变成了202504

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm upgrade myapp01 myapp01
Release "myapp01" has been upgraded. Happy Helming!
NAME: myapp01
LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Apr  8 20:15:19 2025
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 2
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
  http://www.2025helm.com/
  "If successful, you will see this message"  #修改了这里
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# 
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm list
NAME    	NAMESPACE	REVISION	UPDATED                                	STATUS  	CHART        	APP VERSION
myapp01 	default  	2       	2025-04-08 20:15:19.996340164 +0800 CST	deployed	myapp01-0.1.0	202504

查看历史版本

可以看到现在已经有2个版本了

root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm history myapp01
REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS    	CHART        	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION     
1       	Tue Apr  8 20:12:48 2025	superseded	myapp01-0.1.0	202503     	Install complete
2       	Tue Apr  8 20:15:19 2025	deployed  	myapp01-0.1.0	202504     	Upgrade complete

回滚版本

helm rollback myapp01 <REVISION>

# 查看目前REVISION版本为2， APP VERSION为202504
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm history myapp01
REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS    	CHART        	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION     
1       	Tue Apr  8 20:12:48 2025	superseded	myapp01-0.1.0	202503     	Install complete
2       	Tue Apr  8 20:15:19 2025	deployed  	myapp01-0.1.0	202504     	Upgrade complete

# 这里的1为通过history 查看到的REVISION	
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm rollback myapp01 1
Rollback was a success! Happy Helming!

# 查看目前REVISION版本为3， APP VERSION又回滚为202503
root@k8s-master:~/helm/helmtest# helm history myapp01
REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS    	CHART        	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION     
1       	Tue Apr  8 20:12:48 2025	superseded	myapp01-0.1.0	202503     	Install complete
2       	Tue Apr  8 20:15:19 2025	superseded	myapp01-0.1.0	202504     	Upgrade complete
3       	Tue Apr  8 20:17:53 2025	deployed  	myapp01-0.1.0	202503     	Rollback to 1

至此我们自己创建的Helm案例讲解告一段落，现在helm的使用越来越多，甚至很多第三方都已经只支持helm安装，所以学好helm很重要，后面我们也会继续在实战中再次使用！