JWT安装配置

1.登录接口
2.刷新接口
3.自定义返回格式

1.JWT安装配置

1.1 安装JWT

pip install djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0

1.2 syl/settings.py 配置jwt载荷中的有效期设置

# jwt载荷中的有效期设置
JWT_AUTH = {
	# 1.token前缀：headers中 Authorization 值的前缀
	'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
	# 2.token有效期：一天有效
	'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
	# 3.刷新token：允许使用旧的token换新token
	'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True,
	# 4.token有效期：token在24小时内过期, 可续期token
	'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24),
	# 5.自定义JWT载荷信息：自定义返回格式，需要手工创建
	'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler',
}

1.3 syl/settings.py JWT结合DRF进行认证权限配置

# 在DRF配置文件中开启认证和权限
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
	...
	# 用户登陆认证方式
	'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
		'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', # 在DRF中配置JWT认证
		# 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication', # 使用session时的认证器
		# 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication' # 提交表单时的认证器
	],
	# 权限配置, 顺序靠上的严格
	'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
		# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser', # 管理员可以访问
		'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated', # 全局配置只有认证用户可以访问接口
		# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly', # 认证用户可以访问, 否则只能读取
		# 'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny', # 所有用户都可以访问
	],
	...
}

1.4 user/urls.py 增加获取token接口和刷新token接口

from django.urls import include, path
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token
from user import views
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token, refresh_jwt_token
# 自动生成路由方法, 必须使用视图集
# router = SimpleRouter() # 没有根路由 /user/ 无法识别
router = DefaultRouter() # 有根路由
router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
	path('index/', views.index), # 函数视图
	path('login/', obtain_jwt_token), # 获取token，登录视图
	path('refresh/', refresh_jwt_token), # 刷新token
	path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls',
namespace='rest_framework')), # 认证地址
]
urlpatterns += router.urls # 模块地址
# print(router.urls)

1.5 在user/utils.py中从写jwt_response_payload_handler

def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None):
	"""
	自定义jwt认证成功返回数据
	:token 返回的jwt
	:user 当前登录的用户信息[对象]
	:request 当前本次客户端提交过来的数据
	:role 角色
	"""
if user.first_name:
	name = user.first_name
else:
	name = user.username
return {
	'authenticated': 'true',
	'id': user.id,
	"role": role,
	'name': name,
	'username': user.username,
	'email': user.email,
	'token': token,
}

2.postman测试接口

2.1 测试登录接口，获取token

'''自定义认证和权限优先级更高，可以覆盖settings.py中的 '''
# 自定义权限类
permission_classes = (MyPermission,)
# 自定义认证类, 自定义会覆盖全局配置
authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,)

2.2 使用获得的token获取所有用户信息

3.源码分析

class JSONWebTokenAPIView(APIView):
	"""
	Base API View that various JWT interactions inherit from.
	"""
	permission_classes = ()
	authentication_classes = ()
	def get_serializer_context(self):
	"""
	Extra context provided to the serializer class.
	"""
	return {
		'request': self.request,
		'view': self,
	}
	def get_serializer_class(self):
	"""
	Return the class to use for the serializer.
	Defaults to using `self.serializer_class`.
	You may want to override this if you need to provide different
	serializations depending on the incoming request.
	(Eg. admins get full serialization, others get basic serialization)
	"""
	assert self.serializer_class is not None, (
		"'%s' should either include a `serializer_class` attribute, "
		"or override the `get_serializer_class()` method."
		% self.__class__.__name__)
	return self.serializer_class
def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs):
	"""
	Return the serializer instance that should be used for validating and
	deserializing input, and for serializing output.
	"""
	serializer_class = self.get_serializer_class()
	kwargs['context'] = self.get_serializer_context()
	return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
	serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
	if serializer.is_valid():
		user = serializer.object.get('user') or request.user # User表对象
		token = serializer.object.get('token') # 获取到生成的token
		response_data = jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user, request)
		response = Response(response_data)
		if api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE:
			expiration = (datetime.utcnow() + api_settings.JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA)
			response.set_cookie(api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE,
								token,
								expires=expiration,
								httponly=True)
		return response
	return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)