工厂模式
简单工厂模式
(1)简单工厂模式是属于创建型模式,是工厂模式的一种。简单工厂模式是由一个工厂对象决定创建出哪一种产品类的实例。简单工厂模式是工厂模式家族中最简单实用的模式。
(2)简单工厂模式:定义了一个创建对象的类,由这个类来封装实例化对象的行为(代码)。
(3)在软件开发中,当我们会用到大量的创建某种,某类或者某批对象时,就会用到工厂模式。
具体的需求:
看一个披萨的项目:要便于Pizza种类的扩展,要便于维护
- 披萨的种类很多(比如:GreekPizz, CheesePizza等)
- 披萨的制作有prepare,bake,cut,box
- 完成披萨店的订购功能。
UML图
蓝色的实现表示泛化(继承)
带有create的虚线表示创建的对象
Pizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory;
public abstract class Pizza {
protected String name;
public abstract void prepare();
public void bake(){
System.out.println(name+"baking");
}
public void cut(){
System.out.println(name+"cutting");
}
public void box(){
System.out.println(name+"boxing");
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}
GreekPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory;
public class GreekPizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("GreekPizza");
System.out.println(name+"preparing;");
}
}
CheesePizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory;
public class CheesePizza extends Pizza{
public void prepare() {
setName("奶酪pizza");
System.out.println(name+"preparing");
}
}
SimpleFactory类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory.simplefactory;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory.CheesePizza;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory.GreekPizza;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory.Pizza;
public class SimpleFactory {
public Pizza createPizza(String type){
System.out.println("使用简单工厂模式");
Pizza pizza=null;
if (type.equals("cheese")){
pizza=new CheesePizza();
}else if (type.equals("greek")){
pizza=new GreekPizza();
}
return pizza;
}
}
OrderPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.SimpleFactory.simplefactory.SimpleFactory;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class OrderPizza {
public OrderPizza(SimpleFactory simpleFactory) {
Pizza pizza = null;
String orderType;
do {
orderType=getType();
pizza=simpleFactory.createPizza(orderType);
if (pizza==null){
System.out.println("没有对应的pizza");
break;
}
//输出pizza的制作过程
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
}while (true);
}
private String getType(){
try {
BufferedReader strin=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("input pizza type");
String str=strin.readLine();
return str;
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "";
}
}
}
工厂方法模式
UML类图
Pizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod;
public abstract class Pizza {
protected String name;
public abstract void prepare();
public void bake(){
System.out.println(name+"baking");
}
public void cut(){
System.out.println(name+"cutting");
}
public void box(){
System.out.println(name+"boxing");
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}
LDPepperPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod;
public class LDPepperPizza extends Pizza{
public void prepare() {
setName("伦敦的胡椒Pizza");
System.out.println("伦敦的胡椒Pizza材料准备");
}
}
LDCheesePizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod;
public class LDCheesePizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("伦敦的奶酪Pizza");
System.out.println("伦敦的奶酪Pizza材料准备中");
}
}
BJPepperPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod;
public class BJPepperPizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("北京的胡椒Pizza");
System.out.println("北京的胡椒Pizza材料准备");
}
}
BJCheesePizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod;
public class BJCheesePizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("北京的奶酪Pizza");
System.out.println("北京的奶酪Pizza准备原材料");
}
}
OrderPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.order;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.Pizza;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public abstract class OrderPizza {
//定义抽象方法让子类去实现
abstract Pizza createPizza(String orderType);
public OrderPizza(){
Pizza pizza=null;
String orderType;
do {
orderType=getType();
pizza=createPizza(orderType);
//pizza制作
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
}while (true);
}
private String getType() {
try {
BufferedReader strin=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("input pizza type");
String str=strin.readLine();
return str;
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "";
}
}
}
BJOrderPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.order;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.BJCheesePizza;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.BJPepperPizza;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.Pizza;
public class BJOrderPizza extends OrderPizza {
Pizza createPizza(String orderType) {
Pizza pizza=null;
if (orderType.equals("cheese")){
pizza=new BJCheesePizza();
}else if (orderType.equals("pepper")){
pizza=new BJPepperPizza();
}
return pizza;
}
}
LDOrderPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.order;
import com.DesignPattern.factory.factorymethod.*;
public class LDOrderPizza extends OrderPizza {
Pizza createPizza(String orderType) {
Pizza pizza=null;
if (orderType.equals("cheese")){
pizza=new LDCheesePizza();
}else if (orderType.equals("pepper")){
pizza=new LDPepperPizza();
}
return pizza;
}
}
抽象工厂模式
- 抽象工厂模式:定义了一个interface用于创建相关或有依赖关系的对象簇,而无需指明具体的类
- 抽象工厂模式可以将简单工厂模式和工厂方法模式进行整合
- 从设计层面来看,抽象工厂模式就是对简单工厂模式的改进(或者称为进一步的抽象)
- 将工厂抽象成两层,AbsFactory(抽象工厂)和具体实现的工厂子类。程序员可以根据创建对象类型使用对应的工厂子类。这样将单个的简单工厂类变成了工厂簇,更有利于代码的维护和扩展。
UML类图
Pizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public abstract class Pizza {
protected String name;
public abstract void prepare();
public void bake(){
System.out.println(name+"baking");
}
public void cut(){
System.out.println(name+"cutting");
}
public void box(){
System.out.println(name+"boxing");
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}
BJPepperPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public class BJPepperPizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("北京的胡椒Pizza");
System.out.println("北京的胡椒Pizza材料准备");
}
}
BJCheesePizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public class BJCheesePizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("北京的奶酪Pizza");
System.out.println("北京的奶酪Pizza准备原材料");
}
}
LDPepperPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public class LDPepperPizza extends Pizza{
public void prepare() {
setName("伦敦的胡椒Pizza");
System.out.println("伦敦的胡椒Pizza材料准备");
}
}
LDCheesePizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public class LDCheesePizza extends Pizza {
public void prepare() {
setName("伦敦的奶酪Pizza");
System.out.println("伦敦的奶酪Pizza材料准备中");
}
}
AbstractFactory类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public interface AbstractFactory {
Pizza createPizza(String orderType);
}
BJFactory类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public class BJFactory implements AbstractFactory {
public Pizza createPizza(String orderType) {
Pizza pizza=null;
if (orderType.equals("cheese")){
pizza=new BJCheesePizza();
}else if (orderType.equals("pepper")){
pizza=new BJPepperPizza();
}
return pizza;
}
}
LDFactory类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
public class LDFactory implements AbstractFactory{
public Pizza createPizza(String orderType) {
Pizza pizza=null;
if (orderType.equals("cheese")){
pizza=new LDCheesePizza();
}else if (orderType.equals("pepper")){
pizza=new LDPepperPizza();
}
return pizza;
}
}
OrderPizza类
package com.DesignPattern.factory.abstractfactory;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class OrderPizza {
private AbstractFactory abstractFactory;
public OrderPizza(AbstractFactory factory){
this.abstractFactory=factory;
Pizza pizza=null;
String orderType="";
do {
orderType=getType();
pizza=factory.createPizza(orderType);
if (pizza==null){
System.out.println("没有对应的pizza");
break;
}
//输出pizza的制作过程
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
}while (true);
}
private String getType(){
try {
BufferedReader strin=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("input pizza type");
String str=strin.readLine();
return str;
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "";
}
}
}