使用python进行windows自动化测试

最近开始学习整理python在windows自动化测试中的使用，觉得挺有意思的

主要思路，在windows下，主要通过启进程，然后查找进程的句柄，然后再操作这个句柄，包括点击，填写文字，关闭，获取文字等操作

下面以一个简单的校验文件md5值的操作来介绍一个python的应用，当然python中有校验md5的函数，不用非要使用工具来校验，这里只是练习使用python来自动化操作

所用的工具有SpyLite，用于查看窗口ID，句柄等信息

工具下载

http://www.xiazaiba.com/html/358.html

http://www.xiazaiba.com/html/5861.html

我们要达到的目的是通过md5校验工具将文件的md5值保存到一个log文档中

测试的目录结构

--automd5--

--needCheck--

checkmd5.py

SpyLite24.exe

Hash.exe

needCheck目录放需要检查md5的文件

view source

print ?

001	#! /usr/bin/env python

002	#coding=gbk

003

004	import time,re,ctypes

005	import os,sys,subprocess,win32gui,win32con,win32api

006	import glob,time

007

008

#启进程函数

009	def createProcess(cmd, wait = False):

010

if wait:

011	proc = tryExcept(subprocess.Popen, cmd, stdout = subprocess.PIPE, stderr = subprocess.PIPE)

012

else:

013	proc = tryExcept(subprocess.Popen, cmd)

014	if isExcept(proc):

015

return

016	if not wait:

017	return proc.pid

018	proc.communicate()

019

020

021	def tryExcept(func, *params, **paramMap):

022

try:

023	return func(*params, **paramMap)

024	except Exception, e:

025

return e

026	def isExcept(e, eType = Exception):

027	return isinstance(e, eType)

028

029

030	class BaseWindow:

031	@staticmethod

032	def parseClickConfig(clkCfg):

033	if clkCfg == None:

034	return None, None, False, 0

035	if type(clkCfg) == bool:

036	return None, None, clkCfg, 0

037	if type(clkCfg) == int:

038	return None, None, False, clkCfg

039	if len(clkCfg) == 2:

040	if type(clkCfg[0]) == int and type(clkCfg[1]) == int:

041	return clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1], False, 0

042	return None, None, clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1]

043	if len(clkCfg) == 3:

044	if type(clkCfg[2]) == bool:

045	return clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1], clkCfg[2], 0

046	return clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1], False, clkCfg[2]

047	return clkCfg

048

049

050

#点击窗口

051	#clkCfg:byDrv|mode|(x,y)|(byDrv,mode)|(x,y,byDrv)|(x,y,mode)|(x,y,byDrv,mode)

052	def clickWindow(hwnd, clkCfg = None):

053	if isRawWindow(hwnd):

054

return

055	topWindow(hwnd)

056	rect = getWindowRect(hwnd)

057	if not rect:

058

return

059	x, y, byDrv, mode = BaseWindow.parseClickConfig(clkCfg)

060	if x == None:

061	x = (rect[0] + rect[2]) / 2

062	elif x < 0:

063	x += rect[2]

064

else:

065	x += rect[0]

066	if y == None:

067	y = (rect[1] + rect[3]) / 2

068	elif y < 0:

069	y += rect[3]

070

else:

071	y += rect[1]

072	clickMouse(x, y, byDrv, mode)

073

074

#点击鼠标

075	CLICK_MOUSE = 0

076	CLICK_MOUSE_DOUBLE = 1

077	CLICK_MOUSE_RIGHT = 2

078

079	def clickMouse(x, y, byDrv = False, mode = CLICK_MOUSE):

080	moveMouse(x, y, byDrv)

081	downMsg, upMsg = win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP

082	if mode == CLICK_MOUSE_RIGHT:

083	downMsg, upMsg = win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN, win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP

084	win32api.mouse_event(downMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)

085	win32api.mouse_event(upMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)

086	if mode == CLICK_MOUSE_DOUBLE:

087	win32api.mouse_event(downMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)

088	win32api.mouse_event(upMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)

089

090

#移动鼠标

091	def moveMouse(x, y, byDrv = False):

092	w, h = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(0), win32api.GetSystemMetrics(1)

093	x, y = int(float(x) / w * 65535), int(float(y) / h * 65535)

094	win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE | win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE, x, y, 0, 0)

095

096

097

#获得窗口尺寸

098	def getWindowRect(hwnd):

099	rect = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindowRect, hwnd)

100	if not isExcept(rect):

101	return rect

102

103

#置顶窗口

104	def topWindow(hwnd):

105	fgHwnd = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()

106	if fgHwnd == hwnd:

107	return True

108	rst = tryExcept(win32gui.SetForegroundWindow, hwnd)

109	if not isExcept(rst):

110	return True

111	return getWindowClass(fgHwnd) == 'Progman' and getWindowText(fgHwnd) == 'Program Manager'

112

113

114

##获取窗口文字

115	def getWindowText(hwnd, buf = ctypes.c_buffer(1024)):

116	size = ctypes.sizeof(buf)

117	ctypes.memset(buf, 0, size)

118	tryExcept(win32gui.SendMessageTimeout, hwnd, win32con.WM_GETTEXT, size, buf, win32con.SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 10)

119	return buf.value.strip()

120

121

#获取窗口类名

122	def getWindowClass(hwnd, buf = ctypes.c_buffer(1024)):

123	size = ctypes.sizeof(buf)

124	ctypes.memset(buf, 0, size)

125	ctypes.windll.user32.GetClassNameA(hwnd, ctypes.addressof(buf), size)

126	return buf.value.strip()

127

128

#查找第一个窗口

129	#title:text,class,ctrlid

130	#parentTitle:None,hwnd,text,class

131	def findWindow(title, parentTitle = None, isRaw = False):

132	hwndList = findWindows(title, parentTitle, isRaw)

133	if hwndList:

134	return hwndList[0]

135	def findRawWindows(title, parentTitle = None):

136	return findWindows(title, parentTitle, True)

137

138	#判断是否为非正常窗口

139	def isRawWindow(hwnd):

140	return not win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd) or not win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) or ctypes.windll.user32.IsHungAppWindow(hwnd)

141

142

#查找窗口

143	#title:text,class,ctrlid

144	#parentTitle:None,hwnd,text,class

145	def findWindows(title, parentTitle = None, isRaw = False):

146	def __enumWindowHandler__(hwnd, wndList):

147	text = re.split('[\r|\n]+', getWindowText(hwnd))[0].strip()

148	clazz = getWindowClass(hwnd).strip()

149	ctrlId = win32gui.GetDlgCtrlID(hwnd)

150	wndList.append((hwnd, text, clazz, ctrlId))

151	if not parentTitle:

152	parentHwndList = [None]

153	elif type(parentTitle) == int:

154	parentHwndList = [parentTitle]

155

else:

156	parentHwndList = findRawWindows(parentTitle)

157	hwndSet = set()

158	for parentHwnd in parentHwndList:

159	wndList = []

160	#EnumWindows

161	if parentHwnd:

162	tryExcept(win32gui.EnumChildWindows, parentHwnd, __enumWindowHandler__, wndList)

163

else:

164	win32gui.EnumWindows(__enumWindowHandler__, wndList)

165	#FindWindowEx

166	hwnd, foundHwndList = None, []

167	while True:

168	hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.FindWindowEx, parentHwnd, hwnd, None, None)

169	if not hwnd or isExcept(hwnd) or hwnd in foundHwndList:

170

break

171	__enumWindowHandler__(hwnd, wndList)

172	foundHwndList.append(hwnd)

173	#GetWindow

174	if parentHwnd:

175	hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindow, parentHwnd, win32con.GW_CHILD)

176

else:

177	hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindow, win32gui.GetDesktopWindow(), win32con.GW_CHILD)

178	while hwnd and not isExcept(hwnd):

179	__enumWindowHandler__(hwnd, wndList)

180	hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindow, hwnd, win32con.GW_HWNDNEXT)

181

#Combine

182	for hwnd, text, clazz, ctrlId in set(wndList):

183	if type(title) == int:

184	if ctrlId == title:

185	hwndSet.add(hwnd)

186	elif text == title or re.match('^' + title + '$', text, re.S) or clazz == title or re.match('^' + title + '$', clazz, re.S):

187	hwndSet.add(hwnd)

188	if parentHwnd:

189	hwndSet.update(findRawWindows(title, hwnd))

190

if isRaw:

191	return list(hwndSet)

192	hwndList = []

193	for hwnd in hwndSet:

194	if not isRawWindow(hwnd):

195	hwndList.append(hwnd)

196	return hwndList

197

198

#设置窗口文字

199	def setWindowText(hwnd, text):

200	rst = tryExcept(win32gui.SendMessageTimeout, hwnd, win32con.WM_SETTEXT, 0, text, win32con.SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 10)

201	return not isExcept(rst)

202

203	#杀掉指定name的进程

204	def killProcessByName(pname, user = None):

205	killProcessByNames([pname], user)

206

207	def listFile(path, isDeep=True):

208	_list = []

209	if isDeep:

210

try:

211	for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):

212	for fl in files:

213	_list.append('%s\%s' % (root, fl))

214

except:

215

pass

216

else:

217	for fn in glob.glob( path + os.sep + '*' ):

218	if not os.path.isdir(fn):

219	_list.append('%s' % path + os.sep + fn[fn.rfind('\\')+1:])

220	return _list

221

222

223	#杀掉指定name的进程列表

224	def killProcessByNames(pnameList, user = None):

225	cmd = 'taskkill /F /T'

226

if user:

227	cmd += ' /FI "USERNAME eq %s"' % user

228	for pname in pnameList:

229	cmd += ' /IM %s' % pname

230	createProcess(cmd, True)

231

232

#超时设置

233	def handleTimeout(func, timeout, *params, **paramMap):

234	interval = 0.8

235	if type(timeout) == tuple:

236	timeout, interval = timeout

237	while timeout > 0:

238	t = time.time()

239	rst = func(*params, **paramMap)

240	if rst and not isExcept(rst):

241

break

242	time.sleep(interval)

243	timeout -= time.time() - t

244	return rst

245

246

#写文件

247	def setFileData(filename, data, mode):

248	f = open(filename, mode)

249	f.write(data)

250

f.close()

251

252

253	if __name__ == '__main__':

254	if os.path.isfile('md5.log'):

255	os.system('del md5.log')

256

257	parentHwnd = r'Hash.*?'

258	#setWindowText(textblack,'123')

259	filedir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'needCheck')

260	filelist = listFile(filedir)

261	#os.chdir(filedir)

262

263	for file in filelist:

264

#启进程

265	createProcess('Hash.exe')

266

#查找浏览按钮

267	browse_button = findWindow(r'浏览.*?',parentHwnd)

268

#点击浏览按钮

269	clickWindow(browse_button)

270	textblack = findWindow(0x47C,'#32770')

271	handleTimeout(setWindowText,10,textblack,file)

272	open_hwnd = findWindow('打开.*?','#32770')

273

#点击打开按钮

274	clickWindow(open_hwnd)

275	#获取文件md5信息

276

#需要内容的行号

277	expect_content_id = [0,4]

278	content_hwnd = findWindow(0x3EA,r'Hash.*?')

279	content_text = handleTimeout(getWindowText,20,content_hwnd)

280	content = content_text.split('\r\n')

281	md5content = [i.split(': ')[1].strip() for ind, i in enumerate(content) if ind in expect_content_id]

282	print md5content

283	filename,md5value = md5content

284	setFileData('md5.log','文件名:'+filename+'\n'+'md5:'+ md5value+'\n\n','a')

285	killProcessByName('Hash.exe')

286	os.system('pause')