hdu1.2.5 The Seven Percent Solution

Problem Description Uniform Resource Identifiers (or URIs) are strings like http://icpc.baylor.edu/icpc/, mailto:foo@bar.org, ftp://127.0.0.1/pub/linux, or even just readme.txt that are used to identify a resource, usually on the Internet or a local computer. Certain characters are reserved within URIs, and if a reserved character is part of an identifier then it must be percent-encoded by replacing it with a percent sign followed by two hexadecimal digits representing the ASCII code of the character. A table of seven reserved characters and their encodings is shown below. Your job is to write a program that can percent-encode a string of characters. Character  Encoding " " (space)  %20 "!" (exclamation point)  %21 "$" (dollar sign)  %24 "%" (percent sign)  %25 "(" (left parenthesis)  %28 ")" (right parenthesis)  %29 "*" (asterisk)  %2a

Input The input consists of one or more strings, each 1–79 characters long and on a line by itself, followed by a line containing only "#" that signals the end of the input. The character "#" is used only as an end-of-input marker and will not appear anywhere else in the input. A string may contain spaces, but not at the beginning or end of the string, and there will never be two or more consecutive spaces.

Output For each input string, replace every occurrence of a reserved character in the table above by its percent-encoding, exactly as shown, and output the resulting string on a line by itself. Note that the percent-encoding for an asterisk is %2a (with a lowercase "a") rather than %2A (with an uppercase "A").

Sample Input Happy Joy Joy! http://icpc.baylor.edu/icpc/ plain_vanilla (**) ? the 7% solution #

Sample Output Happy%20Joy%20Joy%21 http://icpc.baylor.edu/icpc/ plain_vanilla %28%2a%2a%29 ? the%207%25%20solution

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.StreamTokenizer;

public class Main implements Runnable
{
	private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
	private BufferedReader cin;
	private PrintWriter cout;
	private StreamTokenizer tokenizer;
	private String s;
	
	private void init() 
	{
		try {
			if (DEBUG) {
				cin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
						new FileInputStream("d:\\OJ\\uva_in.txt")));
			} else {
				cin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			}

			cout = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
			//tokenizer = new StreamTokenizer(cin);
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private String next()
	{
		try {
			/*
			tokenizer.nextToken();
			if (tokenizer.ttype == StreamTokenizer.TT_EOF) return null;
			else if (tokenizer.ttype == StreamTokenizer.TT_NUMBER) {
				return String.valueOf((int)tokenizer.nval);
			} else return tokenizer.sval;
			*/
			return cin.readLine();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}
	
	private boolean input() 
	{
		s = next();
		if ("#".compareTo(s) == 0) return false;
		
		return true;
	}
	
	private void solve() 
	{
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		
		for (int i = 0, len = s.length(); i < len; i++) {
			char ch = s.charAt(i);
			if (ch == ' ') sb.append("%20");
			else if (ch == '!') sb.append("%21");
			else if (ch == '$') sb.append("%24");
			else if (ch == '%') sb.append("%25");
			else if (ch == '(') sb.append("%28");
			else if (ch == ')') sb.append("%29");
			else if (ch == '*') sb.append("%2a");
			else sb.append(ch);
		}
		
		cout.println(sb.toString());
		cout.flush();
	}

	public void run()
	{
		init();
		
		while (input()) {
			solve();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		new Thread(new Main()).start();
	}
}