英语新词：用工荒 labor shortage 路怒症 road rage

用工荒 labor shortage            

For many years, companies in the Delta have relied heavily on intensive labor manufacturing. The labor shortage may help them become more high-tech.

这些年来，珠三角地区的公司极其依赖劳动密集型制造业。这次的用工荒可能有助于这些企业转向高科技的生产方式。

文中的labor shortage就是指“劳动力短缺”，也就是此次Pearl River Delta region（珠江三角洲地区）出现的“用工荒”。随着经济的企稳回升，该地区的migrant workers（农民工）缺口已达200万人。深圳表示，今年将上调minimum wage（最低工资），以吸引劳工。这与去年初的labor surplus/redundance（劳动力过剩）局面形成了鲜明的对比。

与此同时，大量劳工也于节后涌入沿海地区的job fair（人才市场）寻找用工机会，以至于一些劳务输出大省出现了难觅surplus rural workers（农村剩余劳动力）的情况，同时引发的left-behind children（留守儿童）等问题也值得社会关注。

不过，labor shortage也促使一些过于依赖labor intensive industry（劳动密集型产业）的公司加快产业结构升级换代，发展knowledge intensive（知识密集型）、technology-intensive（技术密集型）等新兴产业。

 

 

路怒症 road rage

Road rage is aggressive or angry behavior by a driver of an automobile or other motor vehicle. Such behavior might include rude gestures, verbal insults, deliberately driving in an unsafe or threatening manner, or making threats. Road rage can lead to altercations, assaults, and collisions which result in injuries and even deaths. It can be thought of as an extreme case of aggressive driving. The term supposedly originated in the USA during the 1980s.

“路怒症”指汽车或其它机动车的驾驶人员有攻击性或愤怒的行为。此类行为可能包括：粗鄙的手势、言语侮辱、故意用不安全或威胁安全的方式驾驶车辆，或实施威胁。“路面愤怒症”可引起口角纷争、伤害以及可能导致受伤甚至死亡的撞车事故，这种行为可被认定为攻击性驾驶的极端案例。这个说法上世纪80年代产生于美国。

The following are common manifestations of road rage:

以下是“路怒症”常见的表现形式：

Generally aggressive driving, including sudden acceleration, braking, and close tailgating.

普通的攻击性驾驶，包括突然加速、刹车，以及跟前车太近。

Cutting others off in a lane, or deliberately preventing someone from merging.

突然进入别人的车道，或故意阻止别人并线。

Sounding the vehicle's horn or flashing lights excessively.

急按喇叭或打灯。

Driving at high speeds in the median of a highway to terrify drivers in both lanes.

在公路中间高速行驶以使双方向行驶的司机都受到惊吓。