【随笔】Easysize使用方法及注意要点

本文介绍在MFC中使用easysize宏实现对话框及其控件的自适应调整,确保界面在不同分辨率和窗口大小下仍能保持布局美观。通过在对话框类中声明并初始化easysize,以及在窗口大小变化时更新布局,实现控件位置和大小的智能调整。

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选择exsysize.h文件加入到项目,这一步不是必须的,只是觉得加入项目中比较好看。

 

一、 使用步骤

  1. 包含头文件:在stdafx.h包含头文件或者DemoEasysizeDlg.h(对应窗口头文件下)
  2. 在类内声明: 在DemoEasysizeDlg.h(窗体头文件)中加入DECLARE_EASYSIZE
// CDemoEasysizeDlg 对话框
class CDemoEasysizeDlg : public CDialogEx
{
    DECLARE_EASYSIZE // ------加在这里
// 构造
public:
    CDemoEasysizeDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // 标准构造函数

// 对话框数据
    enum { IDD = IDD_DEMOEASYSIZE_DIALOG };

    protected:
    virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV 支持


// 实现
protected:
    HICON m_hIcon;

    // 生成的消息映射函数
    virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
    afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);
    afx_msg void OnPaint();
    afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

      3.初始化easysize:在OnInitDialog函数中加入

BOOL CDemoEasysizeDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
    CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();

    ...
        // 省略
        ...

    // 设置此对话框的图标。  当应用程序主窗口不是对话框时,框架将自动
    //  执行此操作
    SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);         // 设置大图标
    SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);        // 设置小图标

    // TODO:  在此添加额外的初始化代码
    INIT_EASYSIZE; // easysize代码

    return TRUE;  // 除非将焦点设置到控件,否则返回 TRUE
}

4.更新 Easysize: 增加OnSize函数,添加宏UPDATE_EASYSIZE

添加窗口ON_WM_SIZE,ON_WM_SIZING消息处理

void CDemoEasysizeDlg::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)
{
    CDialogEx::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);

    // TODO:  在此处添加消息处理程序代码
    UPDATE_EASYSIZE; // easysize代码
}


void CDemoEasysizeDlg::OnSizing(UINT fwSide, LPRECT pRect)
{
    CDialogEx::OnSizing(fwSide, pRect);

    // TODO:  在此处添加消息处理程序代码
    EASYSIZE_MINSIZE(280, 250, fwSide, pRect); // easysize代码
}

5. 添加EASYSIZE 的宏映射
在DlgCpp, 设置值在后面描述

 

END_MESSAGE_MAP()
// 以上是原有代码
BEGIN_EASYSIZE_MAP(CDemoEasysizeDlg)
    EASYSIZE(IDOK, ES_KEEPSIZE, ES_KEEPSIZE, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, 0)
    EASYSIZE(IDCANCEL, ES_KEEPSIZE, ES_KEEPSIZE, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, 0)
    EASYSIZE(IDC_STATIC_LEFT, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, ES_KEEPSIZE, ES_BORDER, 0)
    EASYSIZE(IDC_STATIC_CENTOR, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, 0)
    EASYSIZE(IDC_STATIC_RIGHT, ES_KEEPSIZE, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, ES_BORDER, 0)
END_EASYSIZE_MAP
// 以下是原有代码

 

二、 设置说明

EASYSIZE(control, left, top, right, bottom, options)

(1).control:需要调整大小的控件的ID;

(2).left,top,right,bottom:为控件左上角和右下角的坐标(亦可以看作控件的四条边),取值可以为:

ES_BORDER: 控件与对话框边界的距离;

ES_KEEPSIZE:控件水平/垂直方向上尺寸保持不变;

控件ID值: 当前控件与指定控件之间的距离;

(3).Options:可以为ES_HCENTER, ES_VCENTER的结合,options可置0。

ES_HCENTER表示缩放后控件在指定位置内水平居中;

ES_VCENTER表示缩放后控件在指定位置内垂直居中;

三、 注意点

1.在MFC中使用easysize按步骤配置完成后,EASYSIZE所作用的ID如果出现运行后异常占据窗体的情况,

   检查是否在OnInitDialog()函数中使用菜单,若使用了菜单,将菜单的相关函数内容注释或者移动到INIT_EASYSIZE之后

2.  EASYSIZE() 水平方向或者垂直方向使用了多个KEEPSIZE,会导致对应的控件异常显示

Easysize.h源码如下:

/*===================================================*\
|                                                     |
|  EASY-SIZE Macros                                   |
|                                                     |
|  Copyright (c) 2001 - Marc Richarme                 |
|      devix@devix.cjb.net                            |
|      http://devix.cjb.net                           |
|                                                     |
|  License:                                           |
|                                                     |
|  You may use this code in any commersial or non-    |
|  commersial application, and you may redistribute   |
|  this file (and even modify it if you wish) as      |
|  long as you keep this notice untouched in any      |
|  version you redistribute.                          |
|                                                     |
|  Usage:                                             |
|                                                     |
|  - Insert 'DECLARE_EASYSIZE' somewhere in your      |
|    class declaration                                |
|  - Insert an easysize map in the beginning of your  |
|    class implementation (see documentation) and     |
|    outside of any function.                         |
|  - Insert 'INIT_EASYSIZE;' in your                  |
|    OnInitDialog handler.                            |
|  - Insert 'UPDATE_EASYSIZE' in your OnSize handler  |
|  - Optional: Insert 'EASYSIZE_MINSIZE(mx,my);' in   |
|    your OnSizing handler if you want to specify     |
|    a minimum size for your dialog                   |
|                                                     |
|        Check http://devix.cjb.net for the           |
|              docs and new versions                  |
|                                                     |
\*===================================================*/


#ifndef __EASYSIZE_H_
#define __EASYSIZE_H_
#define ES_BORDER 0xffffffff
#define ES_KEEPSIZE 0xfffffffe
#define ES_HCENTER 0x00000001
#define ES_VCENTER 0x00000002
#define DECLARE_EASYSIZE \
void __ES__RepositionControls(BOOL bInit);\
void __ES__CalcBottomRight(CWnd *pThis, BOOL bBottom, int &bottomright, int &topleft, UINT id, UINT br, int es_br, CRect &rect, int clientbottomright);
#define INIT_EASYSIZE __ES__RepositionControls(TRUE); __ES__RepositionControls(FALSE)
#define UPDATE_EASYSIZE if(GetWindow(GW_CHILD)!=NULL) __ES__RepositionControls(FALSE)
#define EASYSIZE_MINSIZE(mx,my,s,r) if(r->right-r->left < mx) { if((s == WMSZ_BOTTOMLEFT)||(s == WMSZ_LEFT)||(s == WMSZ_TOPLEFT)) r->left = r->right-mx; else r->right = r->left+mx; } if(r->bottom-r->top < my) { if((s == WMSZ_TOP)||(s == WMSZ_TOPLEFT)||(s == WMSZ_TOPRIGHT)) r->top = r->bottom-my; else r->bottom = r->top+my; }
#define BEGIN_EASYSIZE_MAP(class) \
void class::__ES__CalcBottomRight(CWnd *pThis, BOOL bBottom, int &bottomright, int &topleft, UINT id, UINT br, int es_br, CRect &rect, int clientbottomright) {\
if(br==ES_BORDER) bottomright = clientbottomright-es_br;\
else if(br==ES_KEEPSIZE) bottomright = topleft+es_br;\
else { CRect rect2;\
pThis->GetDlgItem(br)->GetWindowRect(rect2); pThis->ScreenToClient(rect2);\
bottomright = (bBottom?rect2.top:rect2.left) - es_br;}}\
void class::__ES__RepositionControls(BOOL bInit) { CRect rect,rect2,client; GetClientRect(client);
#define END_EASYSIZE_MAP Invalidate(); UpdateWindow(); }
#define EASYSIZE(id,l,t,r,b,o) \
static int id##_es_l, id##_es_t, id##_es_r, id##_es_b;\
if(bInit) {\
GetDlgItem(id)->GetWindowRect(rect); ScreenToClient(rect);\
if(o & ES_HCENTER) id##_es_l = rect.Width()/2; else {\
if(l==ES_BORDER) id##_es_l = rect.left; else if(l==ES_KEEPSIZE) id##_es_l = rect.Width(); else {\
	GetDlgItem(l)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2);\
	id##_es_l = rect.left-rect2.right;}}\
if(o & ES_VCENTER) id##_es_t = rect.Height()/2; else {\
if(t==ES_BORDER) id##_es_t = rect.top; else if(t==ES_KEEPSIZE) id##_es_t = rect.Height(); else {\
	GetDlgItem(t)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2);\
	id##_es_t = rect.top-rect2.bottom;}}\
if(o & ES_HCENTER) id##_es_r = rect.Width(); else { if(r==ES_BORDER) id##_es_r = client.right-rect.right; else if(r==ES_KEEPSIZE) id##_es_r = rect.Width(); else {\
	GetDlgItem(r)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2);\
	id##_es_r = rect2.left-rect.right;}}\
if(o & ES_VCENTER) id##_es_b = rect.Height(); else  { if(b==ES_BORDER) id##_es_b = client.bottom-rect.bottom; else if(b==ES_KEEPSIZE) id##_es_b = rect.Height(); else {\
	GetDlgItem(b)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2);\
	id##_es_b = rect2.top-rect.bottom;}}\
} else {\
int left,top,right,bottom; BOOL bR = FALSE,bB = FALSE;\
if(o & ES_HCENTER) { int _a,_b;\
if(l==ES_BORDER) _a = client.left; else { GetDlgItem(l)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2); _a = rect2.right; }\
if(r==ES_BORDER) _b = client.right; else { GetDlgItem(r)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2); _b = rect2.left; }\
left = _a+((_b-_a)/2-id##_es_l); right = left + id##_es_r;} else {\
if(l==ES_BORDER) left = id##_es_l;\
else if(l==ES_KEEPSIZE) { __ES__CalcBottomRight(this,FALSE,right,left,id,r,id##_es_r,rect,client.right); left = right-id##_es_l;\
} else { GetDlgItem(l)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2); left = rect2.right + id##_es_l; }\
if(l != ES_KEEPSIZE) __ES__CalcBottomRight(this,FALSE,right,left,id,r,id##_es_r,rect,client.right);}\
if(o & ES_VCENTER) { int _a,_b;\
if(t==ES_BORDER) _a = client.top; else { GetDlgItem(t)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2); _a = rect2.bottom; }\
if(b==ES_BORDER) _b = client.bottom; else { GetDlgItem(b)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2); _b = rect2.top; }\
top = _a+((_b-_a)/2-id##_es_t); bottom = top + id##_es_b;} else {\
if(t==ES_BORDER) top = id##_es_t;\
else if(t==ES_KEEPSIZE) { __ES__CalcBottomRight(this,TRUE,bottom,top,id,b,id##_es_b,rect,client.bottom); top = bottom-id##_es_t;\
} else { GetDlgItem(t)->GetWindowRect(rect2); ScreenToClient(rect2); top = rect2.bottom + id##_es_t; }\
if(t != ES_KEEPSIZE) __ES__CalcBottomRight(this,TRUE,bottom,top,id,b,id##_es_b,rect,client.bottom);}\
GetDlgItem(id)->MoveWindow(left,top,right-left,bottom-top,FALSE);\
}
#endif //__EASYSIZE_H_

 

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