邮件的服务器MTA:smtp协议
邮件的客户端MUA: pop3协议,imap协议。
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python使用smtplib模块编写邮件服务器程序。
SMTP类:
__init__(self, host='', port=0, local_hostname=None, timeout=<object object>)
smtplib.SMTP类的方法:
connect(host='localhost', port=0)
sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=[], rcpt_options=[]):
to_addrs是一个地址列表,msg的From: To: Subject:能自动识别
sendmail返回没有发出的邮件和错误信息的字典{email,message}
quit()
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python的邮件客户端模块有poplib和imaplib两种
POP3类:
__init__(self, host, port=110, timeout=<object object>)
POP3类的方法:
user(username)
pass_(password)
stat()-> 获取消息的数量和消息总大小,返回(message count, mailbox size)
list(which=None) ->
如果没有给出which返回,['response', ['mesg_num octets', ...], octets]
如果给出which只返回response
retr(which)-> 获取which的服务器返回信息、消息的所有行、消息的字节,返回['response', ['line', ...], octets]
dele(which) -> 删除which,返回response
quit()
response:是一个字符串: +OK ...
['line', ...]:是一个列表,列表中‘’前面的是服务器返回的消息内容,后面的是邮件正文内容。
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#!/usr/bin/env python
from smtplib import SMTP
from poplib import POP3
from time import sleep
SMTPSVR = 'smtp.yourmail'
POP3SVR = 'pop3.yourmail'
#send to who
to_address = ['sendtowho']
#this will be auto recognised
origHdrs = ['From: youremail',
'To: sendtowho',
'Subject: test']
#this is the real message you want to send
origBody = ['msgline1',
'msgline2',
'msgline3']
#the origHdrs and the origBody has a null line
origMsg = '\r\n\r\n'.join(['\r\n'.join(origHdrs),'\r\n'.join(origBody)])
#used for send mail with smtp
sendSvr = SMTP(SMTPSVR)
errs = sendSvr.sendmail('yourmail', to_address, origMsg)
sendSvr.quit()
assert len(errs) == 0, errs
#wait for the mail to come
sleep(10)
#used for recve mail with pop
recvSvr = POP3(POP3SVR)
recvSvr.user('yourname')
recvSvr.pass_('yourpassword')
rsp, msg, siz = recvSvr.retr(recvSvr.stat()[0])
sep = msg.index('')
recvBody = msg[sep+1:]
assert origBody == recvBody